Transmission rate and reproductive number of the H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus during the December 2005-July 2008 epidemic in Nigeria

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cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Livestock Research Instituteen
cg.contributor.crpAgriculture for Nutrition and Health
cg.coverage.countryNigeria
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2NG
cg.coverage.regionAfrica
cg.coverage.regionWestern Africa
cg.creator.identifierBernard Bett: 0000-0001-9376-2941
cg.creator.identifierThomas Fitz Randolph: 0000-0003-1849-9877
cg.creator.identifierIheanacho Okike: 0000-0001-7059-8595
cg.creator.identifierElizabeth Jane Poole: 0000-0002-8570-794X
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.12003en
cg.isijournalISI Journalen
cg.issn1865-1674en
cg.issue1en
cg.journalTransboundary and Emerging Diseasesen
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen
cg.subject.ilriAGRI-HEALTHen
cg.subject.ilriANIMAL DISEASESen
cg.subject.ilriEMERGING DISEASESen
cg.subject.ilriEPIDEMIOLOGYen
cg.subject.ilriPOULTRYen
cg.subject.ilriZOONOTIC DISEASESen
cg.volume61en
dc.contributor.authorBett, Bernard K.en
dc.contributor.authorHenning, J.en
dc.contributor.authorAbdu, P.en
dc.contributor.authorOkike, Iheanachoen
dc.contributor.authorPoole, Elizabeth J.en
dc.contributor.authorYoung, J.en
dc.contributor.authorRandolph, Thomas F.en
dc.contributor.authorPerry, Brian D.en
dc.date.accessioned2012-10-31T19:22:38Zen
dc.date.available2012-10-31T19:22:38Zen
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/24701
dc.titleTransmission rate and reproductive number of the H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus during the December 2005-July 2008 epidemic in Nigeriaen
dcterms.abstractWe quantified the between-village transmission rate, β (the rate of transmission of H5N1 HPAI virus per effective contact), and the reproductive number, Re (the average number of outbreaks caused by one infectious village during its entire infectious period), of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus in Nigeria using outbreak data collected between December 2005 and July 2008. We classified the outbreaks into two phases to assess the effectiveness of the control measures implemented. Phase 1 (December 2005–October 2006) represents the period when the Federal Government of Nigeria managed the HPAI surveillance and response measures, while Phase 2 (November 2006–July 2008) represents the time during which the Nigeria Avian Influenza Control and Human Pandemic Preparedness project (NAICP), funded by a World Bank credit of US$ 50 million, had taken over the management of most of the interventions. We used a total of 204 outbreaks from 176 villages that occurred in 78 local government areas of 25 states. The compartmental susceptible-infectious model was used as the analytical tool. Means and 95% percentile confidence intervals were obtained using bootstrapping techniques. The overall mean β (assuming a duration of infectiousness, T, of 12 days) was 0.07/day (95% percentile confidence interval: 0.06–0.09). The first and second phases of the epidemic had comparable β estimates of 0.06/day (0.04–0.09) and 0.08/day (0.06–0.10), respectively. The Re of the virus associated with these β and T estimates was 0.9 (0.7–1.1); the first and second phases of the epidemic had Re of 0.84 (0.5–1.2) and 0.9 (0.6–1.2), respectively. We conclude that the intervention measures implemented in the second phase of the epidemic had comparable effects to those implemented during the first phase and that the Re of the epidemic was low, indicating that the Nigeria H5N1 HPAI epidemic was unstable.en
dcterms.accessRightsLimited Access
dcterms.audienceScientistsen
dcterms.available2012-08-27
dcterms.bibliographicCitationBett, B., Henning, J., Abdu, P., Okike, I., Poole, J., Young, J., Randolph, T.F. and Perry, B.D. 2012. Transmission rate and reproductive number of the H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus during the December 2005-July 2008 epidemic in Nigeria. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 61(1): 60 - 68en
dcterms.extentpp. 60-68en
dcterms.issued2014-02
dcterms.languageen
dcterms.licenseCopyrighted; all rights reserved
dcterms.publisherHindawi Limiteden
dcterms.subjectanimal diseasesen
dcterms.subjectpoultryen
dcterms.subjectzoonosesen
dcterms.typeJournal Article

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