Investment and cultivation strategies for women and youth inclusion: cases from on-farm, off-farm and non-farm activities in Ethiopia and Mali

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cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Water Management Instituteen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationAssociation of African Women in Research and Development in Malien_US
cg.contributor.donorSwiss Agency for Development and Cooperationen_US
cg.coverage.countryEthiopiaen_US
cg.coverage.countryMalien_US
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2ETen_US
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2MLen_US
cg.coverage.regionSahelen_US
cg.coverage.subregionTiyoen_US
cg.coverage.subregionZiway Dugdaen_US
cg.coverage.subregionWegniaen_US
cg.coverage.subregionSourouen_US
cg.creator.identifierLikimyelesh Nigussie: 0000-0002-6380-743Xen_US
cg.creator.identifierThai Minh: 0000-0002-8345-6825en_US
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.5337/2024.203en_US
cg.identifier.iwmilibraryH052838en_US
cg.isbn978-92-9090-962-0en_US
cg.placeColombo, Sri Lankaen_US
dc.contributor.authorNigussie, Likimyeleshen_US
dc.contributor.authorDiallo, A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMinh, Thai Thien_US
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-09T14:18:12Zen_US
dc.date.available2024-05-09T14:18:12Zen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/141796en_US
dc.titleInvestment and cultivation strategies for women and youth inclusion: cases from on-farm, off-farm and non-farm activities in Ethiopia and Malien_US
dcterms.abstractAfrica's agriculture sector is vital for food security, employment, and economic growth. Women and young people, who contribute to innovation, diversification, and income, face limited opportunities in the sector due to social and economic power imbalances. This disparity wastes resources and impedes agricultural value chain development (VCD). Inclusive VCD aims to empower women, men and youth from diverse social groups and strengthen the agriculture sector. However, the literature on inclusive VCD in Africa is limited due to urban biases, and the lack of a framework to address gender inequality and poverty. This study explores how livelihood assets, strategies for accessing the assets, and enabling and discouraging factors in the value chain shapes the inclusion of women and youth in on-farm, off-farm and non-farm activities. It is based on the Safeguarding Sahelian Wetlands for Food Security (SaWeL) program that aims to make the market work for the poor through inclusive VCD in the Ziway-Shalla Sub-basin of Ethiopia, and Wegnia and Sourou basins in Mali. A qualitative dataset of 32 focus group discussions, 48 key informant interviews and 40 in-depth interviews were analyzed. We identified investment and cultivation inclusion strategies that demonstrates how women and youth from diverse social groups actualize business opportunities, overcome challenges and create new opportunities for inclusion. Investment strategies involve women and youth from better-off households with good access to natural, social, political and physical capital for capital-intensive roles. On the other hand, cultivation strategies involve women and youth from resource-poor households who can harness natural, social and political capital to participate in off-farm and non-farm activities. Our results show that women and youth who adopt either one of the strategies are encouraged by good support from social networks, cooperatives, Government Organizations, Nongovernmental Organizations and private sector actors. However, access to productive resources and services for women and youth adopting any strategies is hampered by gender and intergenerational norms, poverty and insufficient institutional capacity. We argue that it is essential to understand how social disparities and local environments interact to inform the design and implementation of inclusive value chains. Additionally, inclusive value chains necessitate building capacities of institutions at different scales.en_US
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Accessen_US
dcterms.bibliographicCitationNigussie, Likimyelesh; Diallo, A.; Minh, Thai Thi. 2024. Investment and cultivation strategies for women and youth inclusion: cases from on-farm, off-farm and non-farm activities in Ethiopia and Mali. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 24p. (IWMI Working Paper 211). [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2024.203]en_US
dcterms.extent24p.en_US
dcterms.isPartOfIWMI Working Paper 211en_US
dcterms.issued2024-05-08en_US
dcterms.languageenen_US
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0en_US
dcterms.publisherInternational Water Management Instituteen_US
dcterms.subjectinvestmenten_US
dcterms.subjectcultivationen_US
dcterms.subjectstrategiesen_US
dcterms.subjectwomen's participationen_US
dcterms.subjectyouthen_US
dcterms.subjectsocial inclusionen_US
dcterms.subjectagricultural productionen_US
dcterms.subjectsurplusesen_US
dcterms.subjectagricultural value chainsen_US
dcterms.subjectlivelihoodsen_US
dcterms.subjectassetsen_US
dcterms.subjectnatural capitalen_US
dcterms.subjecthuman capitalen_US
dcterms.subjectsocial capitalen_US
dcterms.subjectcultural capitalen_US
dcterms.subjectgenderen_US
dcterms.subjectsocial normsen_US
dcterms.subjectfarmersen_US
dcterms.subjectsocial groupsen_US
dcterms.subjectmarketsen_US
dcterms.subjectagribusinessen_US
dcterms.subjectsmall-scale farmingen_US
dcterms.subjectfood securityen_US
dcterms.subjecthouseholdsen_US
dcterms.subjectpovertyen_US
dcterms.subjectcooperativesen_US
dcterms.subjectaccess to financeen_US
dcterms.subjectinstitutionsen_US
dcterms.subjectcapacity developmenten_US
dcterms.subjectpoliciesen_US
dcterms.subjectgovernmental organizationsen_US
dcterms.subjectnongovernmental organizationsen_US
dcterms.subjectprivate sectoren_US
dcterms.subjectcase studiesen_US
dcterms.typeWorking Paperen_US

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