Prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Campylobacter species among diarrheal patients from three major hospitals in Ethiopia

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and developing country instituteen
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and advanced research instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationEthiopian Public Health Instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationAddis Ababa Universityen
cg.contributor.affiliationGlobal One Health Initiativeen
cg.contributor.affiliationOhio State Universityen
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Livestock Research Instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Pennsylvaniaen
cg.contributor.affiliationHaramaya Universityen
cg.contributor.affiliationAfrican Population and Health Research Centeren
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Gondaren
cg.contributor.affiliationGeorge Washington Universityen
cg.contributor.donorGates Foundationen
cg.contributor.donorForeign, Commonwealth and Development Office, United Kingdomen
cg.coverage.countryEthiopiaen
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2ETen
cg.coverage.regionAfricaen
cg.coverage.regionEastern Africaen
cg.creator.identifierLINA MEGO: 0000-0001-5366-5346en
cg.creator.identifierSilvia Alonso: 0000-0002-0565-536Xen
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden
cg.identifier.dataurlhttps://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.2fqz61310en
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0004407en
cg.isijournalISI Journalen
cg.issn2767-3375en
cg.issue4en
cg.journalPLOS Global Public Healthen
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen
cg.subject.ilriHUMAN HEALTHen
cg.subject.impactAreaNutrition, health and food securityen
cg.subject.sdgSDG 3 - Good health and well-beingen
cg.volume5en
dc.contributor.authorTeshale, A.M.en
dc.contributor.authorAbegaz, W.E.en
dc.contributor.authorAzmeraye, B.M.en
dc.contributor.authorDegefaw, D.en
dc.contributor.authorLaPolt, D.en
dc.contributor.authorBonger, Z.en
dc.contributor.authorKalayu, A.A.en
dc.contributor.authorTigabu, E.en
dc.contributor.authorGazu, Linaen
dc.contributor.authorYimer, G.en
dc.contributor.authorAbate, E.en
dc.contributor.authorTsige, E.en
dc.contributor.authorTasew, G.en
dc.contributor.authorDessie, Y.en
dc.contributor.authorBiks, G.en
dc.contributor.authorBarkley, J.A.en
dc.contributor.authorGarsow, A.V.en
dc.contributor.authorBeckiewicz, A.en
dc.contributor.authorAlonso, Silviaen
dc.contributor.authorKowalcyk, B.en
dc.date.accessioned2025-04-22T11:19:33Zen
dc.date.available2025-04-22T11:19:33Zen
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/174277
dc.titlePrevalence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Campylobacter species among diarrheal patients from three major hospitals in Ethiopiaen
dcterms.abstractDiarrheal illness remains a major global health challenge, causing millions of deaths annually. Non-typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i> (NTS), Shiga toxin-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> (STEC), and <i>Campylobacter</i> species (CAMPY) significantly contribute to this burden. Given the limited information on these pathogens in Ethiopia, this study aimed to estimate their prevalence among diarrhea patients in Ethiopia and identify risk factors for infection. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2021 to November 2022 in three hospitals in Ethiopia (Addis Ababa, Gondar, and Harar). Sociodemographic characteristics, clinical signs and symptoms were collected from study participants using a structured questionnaire. Stool samples were tested for NTS, STEC, and CAMPY using standardized methods. The prevalence of targeted pathogens was estimated overall and by study sites. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify associated factors. A total of 2,331 patients were enrolled. The overall prevalence of NTS, STEC (stx only), STEC (stx + eae), and CAMPY was 1.29% (95%CI: 0.91, 1.84), 12.56% (95%CI: 11.29, 13.98), 3.43% (95%CI: 2.77, 4.25), and 4.46% (95%CI: 4.61, 8.00), respectively. Harar had the highest prevalence of all the pathogens compared to Addis Ababa and Gondar. Odds of NTS in Harar were over 10 (AOR: 10.43: 95%CI: 2.95, 69.20) and 3.5 times (AOR: 3.57: 95%CI: 1.50, 9.90) higher than that in Addis Ababa and Gondar, respectively. Odds of STEC (stx only) in the dry (AOR: 1.97: 95%CI: 1.37, 2.90) and long rainy (AOR: 1.80: 95%CI: 1.20, 2.69) seasons were nearly twice the odds in the short rainy season. Odds of CAMPY infection decreased by 3.29% (AOR: 0.97: 95%CI: 0.95, 0.98) with every one-year increase in age. Moreover, the odds of CAMPY infection for rural residents (AOR: 1.93, 95%CI: 1.15, 3.19) were nearly twice that of urban residents. This is the first study to estimate the prevalence of NTS, STEC, and CAMPY simultaneously across all age groups and diverse regions in Ethiopia, revealing significant variations. Results can be used to understand the burden of disease, inform clinical management and risk mitigation strategies to reduce illness in Ethiopia.en
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Accessen
dcterms.audienceAcademicsen
dcterms.audienceScientistsen
dcterms.available2025-04-21en
dcterms.bibliographicCitationTeshale, A.M., Abegaz, W.E., Azmeraye, B.M., Degefaw, D., LaPolt, D., Bonger, Z., Kalayu, A.A., Tigabu, E., Gazu, L., Yimer, G., Abate, E., Tsige, E., Tasew, G., Dessie, Y., Biks, G., Barkley, J.A., Garsow, A.V., Beckiewicz, A., Alonso, S. and Kowalcyk, B. 2025. Prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Salmonella</i>, and <i>Campylobacter</i> species among diarrheal patients from three major hospitals in Ethiopia. PLOS Global Public Health 5(4): e0004407.en
dcterms.extente0004407en
dcterms.issued2025-04-21en
dcterms.languageenen
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0en
dcterms.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen
dcterms.subjecthealthen
dcterms.typeJournal Articleen

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