Participatory probabilistic assessment of the risk to human health associated with cryptosporidiosis from urban dairying in Dagoretti, Nairobi, Kenya

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cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Livestock Research Instituteen_US
cg.contributor.crpAgriculture for Nutrition and Healthen_US
cg.coverage.countryKenyaen_US
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2KEen_US
cg.coverage.regionAfricaen_US
cg.coverage.regionEastern Africaen_US
cg.creator.identifierDelia Grace: 0000-0002-0195-9489en_US
cg.creator.identifierThomas Fitz Randolph: 0000-0003-1849-9877en_US
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-012-0204-3en_US
cg.isijournalISI Journalen_US
cg.issn0049-4747en_US
cg.issn1573-7438en_US
cg.issueS1en_US
cg.journalTropical Animal Health and Productionen_US
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen_US
cg.subject.ilriAGRI-HEALTHen_US
cg.subject.ilriANIMAL DISEASESen_US
cg.subject.ilriDAIRYINGen_US
cg.subject.ilriHEALTHen_US
cg.subject.ilriZOONOTIC DISEASESen_US
cg.volume44en_US
dc.contributor.authorGrace, Deliaen_US
dc.contributor.authorMonda, J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorKaranja, N.en_US
dc.contributor.authorRandolph, Thomas F.en_US
dc.contributor.authorKang'ethe, Erastus K.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2012-08-24T19:52:54Zen_US
dc.date.available2012-08-24T19:52:54Zen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/21690en_US
dc.titleParticipatory probabilistic assessment of the risk to human health associated with cryptosporidiosis from urban dairying in Dagoretti, Nairobi, Kenyaen_US
dcterms.abstractWe carried out a participatory risk assessment to estimate the risk (negative consequences and their likelihood) from zoonotic Cryptosporidium originating in dairy farms in urban Dagoretti, Nairobi to dairy farm households and their neighbours. We selected 20 households at high risk for Cryptosporidium from a larger sample of 300 dairy households in Dagoretti based on risk factors present. We then conducted a participatory mapping of the flow of the hazard from its origin (cattle) to human potential victims. This showed three main exposure pathways (food and water borne, occupational and recreational). This was used to develop a fault tree model which we parameterised using information from the study and literature. A stochastic simulation was used to estimate the probability of exposure to zoonotic cryptosporidiosis originating from urban dairying. Around 6 % of environmental samples were positive for Cryptosporidium. Probability of exposure to Cryptosporidium from dairy cattle ranged from 0.0055 for people with clinical acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in non-dairy households to 0.0102 for children under 5 years from dairy households. Most of the estimated health burden was born by children. Although dairy cattle are the source of Cryptosporidium, the model suggests consumption of vegetables is a greater source of risk than consumption of milk. In conclusion, by combining participatory methods with quantitative microbial risk assessment, we were able to rapidly, and with appropriate ‘imprecision’, investigate health risk to communities from Cryptosporidium and identify the most vulnerable groups and the most risky practices.en_US
dcterms.accessRightsLimited Accessen_US
dcterms.audienceScientistsen_US
dcterms.available2012-08-12en_US
dcterms.bibliographicCitationGrace, D., Monda, J., Karanja, N., Randolph, T.F. and Kang'ethe, E.K. 2012. Participatory probabilistic assessment of the risk to human health associated with cryptosporidiosis from urban dairying in Dagoretti, Nairobi, Kenya. Tropical Animal Health and Production 44(Suppl 1): S33-S40.en_US
dcterms.extentpp. 33-40en_US
dcterms.issued2012-09en_US
dcterms.languageenen_US
dcterms.licenseCopyrighted; all rights reserveden_US
dcterms.publisherSpringeren_US
dcterms.subjectanimal diseasesen_US
dcterms.subjectzoonosesen_US
dcterms.subjecthealthen_US
dcterms.typeJournal Articleen_US

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