A simplified approach for producing Tier 2 enteric-methane emission factors based on East African smallholder farm data

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and advanced research instituteen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Pretoriaen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Livestock Research Instituteen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationRothamsted Researchen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Bristolen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of New Englanden_US
cg.contributor.affiliationKarlsruhe Institute of Technologyen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationAgroscopeen_US
cg.contributor.crpLivestocken_US
cg.contributor.donorAustralian Centre for International Agricultural Researchen_US
cg.contributor.donorCGIAR Trust Funden_US
cg.contributor.donorIrish Aiden_US
cg.contributor.donorEuropean Unionen_US
cg.contributor.donorInternational Fund for Agricultural Developmenten_US
cg.contributor.donorUnited States Agency for International Developmenten_US
cg.contributor.donorFederal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, Germanyen_US
cg.contributor.donorSouth African National Research Foundationen_US
cg.contributor.initiativeLivestock and Climateen_US
cg.contributor.initiativeLow-Emission Food Systemsen_US
cg.coverage.regionAfricaen_US
cg.coverage.regionEastern Africaen_US
cg.creator.identifierPHYLLIS NDUNG'U: 0000-0002-7125-5313en_US
cg.creator.identifierCornelius Jacobus Lindeque Du Toit: 0000-0003-1404-228Xen_US
cg.creator.identifierTaro Takahashi: 0000-0002-5434-2407en_US
cg.creator.identifierLutz Merbold: 0000-0003-4974-170Xen_US
cg.creator.identifierJohn Goopy: 0000-0001-7177-1310en_US
cg.creator.identifierMelanie Robertson-Dean: 0000-0001-8964-773Xen_US
cg.creator.identifierKlaus Butterbach-Bahl: 0000-0001-9499-6598en_US
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden_US
cg.identifier.dataurlhttps://doi.org/10.17632/j5b9d7dd2b.2en_US
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1071/an22082en_US
cg.identifier.urlhttps://www.publish.csiro.au/an/acc/AN17809/AN17809_AC.pdfen_US
cg.isijournalISI Journalen_US
cg.issn1836-5787en_US
cg.issue3en_US
cg.journalAnimal Production Scienceen_US
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen_US
cg.subject.actionAreaResilient Agrifood Systemsen_US
cg.subject.actionAreaSystems Transformationen_US
cg.subject.ilriANIMAL CAREen_US
cg.subject.ilriANIMAL FEEDINGen_US
cg.subject.ilriCLIMATE CHANGEen_US
cg.subject.ilriGHG EMISSIONSen_US
cg.subject.impactAreaClimate adaptation and mitigationen_US
cg.subject.sdgSDG 13 - Climate actionen_US
cg.volume63en_US
dc.contributor.authorNdung'u, Phyllis W.en_US
dc.contributor.authorToit, C.J.L. duen_US
dc.contributor.authorTakahashi, T.en_US
dc.contributor.authorRobertson-Dean, M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorButterbach-Bahl, Klausen_US
dc.contributor.authorMerbold, Lutzen_US
dc.contributor.authorGoopy, John P.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2022-12-27T08:59:51Zen_US
dc.date.available2022-12-27T08:59:51Zen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/126321en_US
dc.titleA simplified approach for producing Tier 2 enteric-methane emission factors based on East African smallholder farm dataen_US
dcterms.abstractContext. Accurate reporting of livestock greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is important in developing effective mitigation strategies, but the cost and labour requirements associated with on-farm data collection often prevent this effort in low- and middle-income countries. Aim. The aim of this study was to investigate the precision and accuracy of simplified activity data collection protocols in African smallholder livestock farms for country-specific enteric-methane emission factors. Method. Activity data such as live weight (LW), feed quality, milk yield, and milk composition were collected from 257 smallholder farms, with a total herd of 1035 heads of cattle in Nandi and Bomet counties in western Kenya. The data collection protocol was then altered by substituting the actual LW measurements with algorithm LW (ALG), feed quality (FQ) data being sourced from the Feedipedia database, reducing the need for daily milk yield records to a single seasonal milk measurement (MiY), and by using a default energy content of milk (MiE). Daily methane production (DMP) was calculated using these simplified protocols and the estimates under individual and combined protocols were compared with values derived from the published (PUBL) estimation protocol. Key results. Employing the algorithm LW showed good agreement in DMP, with only a small negative bias (7%) and almost no change in variance. Calculating DMP on the basis of Feedipedia FQ, by contrast, resulted in a 27% increase in variation and a 27% positive bias for DMP compared with PUBL. The substitutions of milk (MiY and MiE) showed a modest change in variance and almost no bias in DMP. Conclusion. It is feasible to use a simplified data collection protocol by using algorithm LW, the default energy content of milk value, and seasonal single milk yield data, but full sampling and analysis of feed resources are required to produce reliable Tier 2 enteric-methane emission factors. Implications. Reducing enteric methane emissions from livestock is a promising pathway to reduce the effects of climate change, and, hence, the need to produce accurate emission estimates as a benchmark to measure the effectiveness of mitigation options. However, it is expensive to produce accurate emission estimates, especially in developing countries; hence, it is important and feasible to simplify on-farm data collection.en_US
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Accessen_US
dcterms.audienceAcademicsen_US
dcterms.audienceCGIARen_US
dcterms.audienceDonorsen_US
dcterms.audienceScientistsen_US
dcterms.available2022-10-28en_US
dcterms.bibliographicCitationNdung’u, P.W., du Toit, C.J.L., Takahashi, T., Robertson-Dean, M., Butterbach-Bahl, K., Merbold, L. and Goopy, J.P. 2022. A simplified approach for producing Tier 2 enteric-methane emission factors based on East African smallholder farm data. Animal Production Scienceen_US
dcterms.extentpp. 227-236en_US
dcterms.issued2022en_US
dcterms.languageenen_US
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-NC-ND-4.0en_US
dcterms.publisherCSIRO Publishingen_US
dcterms.subjectcattleen_US
dcterms.subjectmitigationen_US
dcterms.subjectmilk productionen_US
dcterms.subjectgreenhouse gas emissionsen_US
dcterms.subjectsmallholdersen_US
dcterms.subjectfood scienceen_US
dcterms.typeJournal Articleen_US

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