A simplified approach for producing Tier 2 enteric-methane emission factors based on East African smallholder farm data

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and advanced research instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Pretoriaen
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Livestock Research Instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationRothamsted Researchen
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Bristolen
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of New Englanden
cg.contributor.affiliationKarlsruhe Institute of Technologyen
cg.contributor.affiliationAgroscopeen
cg.contributor.crpLivestock
cg.contributor.donorAustralian Centre for International Agricultural Researchen
cg.contributor.donorCGIAR Trust Funden
cg.contributor.donorIrish Aiden
cg.contributor.donorEuropean Unionen
cg.contributor.donorInternational Fund for Agricultural Developmenten
cg.contributor.donorUnited States Agency for International Developmenten
cg.contributor.donorFederal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, Germanyen
cg.contributor.donorSouth African National Research Foundationen
cg.contributor.initiativeLivestock and Climate
cg.contributor.initiativeLow-Emission Food Systems
cg.coverage.countryKenya
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2KE
cg.coverage.regionAfrica
cg.coverage.regionEastern Africa
cg.creator.identifierPHYLLIS NDUNG'U: 0000-0002-7125-5313en
cg.creator.identifierCornelius Jacobus Lindeque Du Toit: 0000-0003-1404-228Xen
cg.creator.identifierTaro Takahashi: 0000-0002-5434-2407en
cg.creator.identifierLutz Merbold: 0000-0003-4974-170Xen
cg.creator.identifierJohn Goopy: 0000-0001-7177-1310en
cg.creator.identifierMelanie Robertson-Dean: 0000-0001-8964-773Xen
cg.creator.identifierKlaus Butterbach-Bahl: 0000-0001-9499-6598en
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden
cg.identifier.dataurlhttps://doi.org/10.17632/j5b9d7dd2b.2en
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1071/an22082en
cg.identifier.urlhttps://www.publish.csiro.au/an/acc/AN17809/AN17809_AC.pdfen
cg.isijournalISI Journalen
cg.issn1836-5787en
cg.issue3en
cg.journalAnimal Production Scienceen
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen
cg.subject.actionAreaResilient Agrifood Systems
cg.subject.actionAreaSystems Transformation
cg.subject.ilriANIMAL CAREen
cg.subject.ilriANIMAL FEEDINGen
cg.subject.ilriCLIMATE CHANGEen
cg.subject.ilriGHG EMISSIONSen
cg.subject.impactAreaClimate adaptation and mitigation
cg.subject.sdgSDG 13 - Climate actionen
cg.volume63en
dc.contributor.authorNdung'u, Phyllis W.en
dc.contributor.authorToit, C.J.L. duen
dc.contributor.authorTakahashi, T.en
dc.contributor.authorRobertson-Dean, M.en
dc.contributor.authorButterbach-Bahl, Klausen
dc.contributor.authorMerbold, Lutzen
dc.contributor.authorGoopy, John P.en
dc.date.accessioned2022-12-27T08:59:51Zen
dc.date.available2022-12-27T08:59:51Zen
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/126321
dc.titleA simplified approach for producing Tier 2 enteric-methane emission factors based on East African smallholder farm dataen
dcterms.abstractContext. Accurate reporting of livestock greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is important in developing effective mitigation strategies, but the cost and labour requirements associated with on-farm data collection often prevent this effort in low- and middle-income countries. Aim. The aim of this study was to investigate the precision and accuracy of simplified activity data collection protocols in African smallholder livestock farms for country-specific enteric-methane emission factors. Method. Activity data such as live weight (LW), feed quality, milk yield, and milk composition were collected from 257 smallholder farms, with a total herd of 1035 heads of cattle in Nandi and Bomet counties in western Kenya. The data collection protocol was then altered by substituting the actual LW measurements with algorithm LW (ALG), feed quality (FQ) data being sourced from the Feedipedia database, reducing the need for daily milk yield records to a single seasonal milk measurement (MiY), and by using a default energy content of milk (MiE). Daily methane production (DMP) was calculated using these simplified protocols and the estimates under individual and combined protocols were compared with values derived from the published (PUBL) estimation protocol. Key results. Employing the algorithm LW showed good agreement in DMP, with only a small negative bias (7%) and almost no change in variance. Calculating DMP on the basis of Feedipedia FQ, by contrast, resulted in a 27% increase in variation and a 27% positive bias for DMP compared with PUBL. The substitutions of milk (MiY and MiE) showed a modest change in variance and almost no bias in DMP. Conclusion. It is feasible to use a simplified data collection protocol by using algorithm LW, the default energy content of milk value, and seasonal single milk yield data, but full sampling and analysis of feed resources are required to produce reliable Tier 2 enteric-methane emission factors. Implications. Reducing enteric methane emissions from livestock is a promising pathway to reduce the effects of climate change, and, hence, the need to produce accurate emission estimates as a benchmark to measure the effectiveness of mitigation options. However, it is expensive to produce accurate emission estimates, especially in developing countries; hence, it is important and feasible to simplify on-farm data collection.en
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Access
dcterms.audienceAcademicsen
dcterms.audienceCGIARen
dcterms.audienceDonorsen
dcterms.audienceScientistsen
dcterms.available2022-10-28en
dcterms.bibliographicCitationNdung’u, P.W., du Toit, C.J.L., Takahashi, T., Robertson-Dean, M., Butterbach-Bahl, K., Merbold, L. and Goopy, J.P. 2022. A simplified approach for producing Tier 2 enteric-methane emission factors based on East African smallholder farm data. Animal Production Scienceen
dcterms.extentpp. 227-236en
dcterms.issued2022en
dcterms.languageen
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-NC-ND-4.0
dcterms.publisherCommonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisationen
dcterms.subjectcattleen
dcterms.subjectmitigationen
dcterms.subjectmilk productionen
dcterms.subjectgreenhouse gas emissionsen
dcterms.subjectsmallholdersen
dcterms.subjectfood scienceen
dcterms.typeJournal Article

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