Evaluation of a topical formulation of eprinomectin against Anopheles arabiensis when administered to Zebu cattle (Bos indicus) under field conditions

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and advanced research instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationGenesis Laboratories, Inc.en
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Livestock Research Instituteen
cg.contributor.donorBill & Melinda Gates Foundationen
cg.creator.identifierAbworo: 0000-0003-0689-823X
cg.creator.identifierNaftaly Githaka: 0000-0003-4530-7164
cg.creator.identifierVishvanath Nene: 0000-0001-7066-4169
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1361-zen
cg.issn1475-2875en
cg.issue1en
cg.journalMalaria Journalen
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen
cg.subject.ilriANIMAL DISEASESen
cg.subject.ilriANIMAL HEALTHen
cg.subject.ilriCATTLEen
cg.volume15en
dc.contributor.authorLozano Fuentes, S.en
dc.contributor.authorKading, R.C.en
dc.contributor.authorHartman, D.A.en
dc.contributor.authorOkoth, Edward A.en
dc.contributor.authorGithaka, Naftaly W.en
dc.contributor.authorNene, Vishvanath M.en
dc.contributor.authorPoché, R.M.en
dc.date.accessioned2017-04-05T10:34:21Zen
dc.date.available2017-04-05T10:34:21Zen
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/80667
dc.titleEvaluation of a topical formulation of eprinomectin against Anopheles arabiensis when administered to Zebu cattle (Bos indicus) under field conditionsen
dcterms.abstractBackground Although vector control strategies, such as insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) have been effective in Kenya the transmission of malaria continues to afflict western Kenya. This residual transmission is driven in part by Anopheles arabiensis, known for its opportunistic blood feeding behaviour and propensity to feed outdoors. The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of the drug eprinomectin at reducing malaria vector density when applied to cattle (Bos indicus), the primary source of blood for An. arabiensis, under field conditions. Methods A pilot study was carried out in the Samia District of western Kenya from September to October of 2014. Treatment and control areas were randomly designated and comprised of 50 homes per study area. Before cattle treatments, baseline mosquito counts were performed after pyrethrum spray. Cows in the treatment area were administered topical applications of eprinomectin at 0.5 mg/kg once a week for two consecutive weeks. Mosquito collections were performed once each week for two weeks following the eprinomectin treatments. Mosquitoes were first identified morphologically and with molecular confirmation, then screened for sporozoite presence and host blood using PCR-based methods. Results The indoor resting density of An. arabiensis was significantly reduced by 38 % in the treatment area compared to the control area at one-week post-treatment (Control mean females per hut = 1.33 95 % CI [1.08, 1.64]; Treatment = 0.79 [0.56, 1.07]). An increase in the indoor resting density of Anopheles gambiae s.s. and Anopheles funestus s.s. was observed in the treatment area in the absence of An. arabiensis. At two weeks post-treatment, the total number of mosquitoes for any species per hut was not significantly different between the treatment and control areas. No change was observed in An. arabiensis host preference as a result of treatment. Conclusions Systemic drugs may be an important tool by which to supplement existing vector control interventions by significantly impacting outdoor malaria transmission driven by An. arabiensis through the treatment of cattle.en
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Access
dcterms.audienceScientistsen
dcterms.available2016-06-17
dcterms.bibliographicCitationLozano-Fuentes, S., Kading, R.C., Hartman, D.A., Okoth, E., Githaka, N., Nene, V. and Poche, R.M. 2016. Evaluation of a topical formulation of eprinomectin against Anopheles arabiensis when administered to Zebu cattle (Bos indicus) under field conditions. Malaria Journal 15: 324.en
dcterms.extent324en
dcterms.issued2016-12
dcterms.languageen
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0
dcterms.publisherSpringeren
dcterms.subjectanimal healthen
dcterms.subjectanopheles arabiensisen
dcterms.subjectcattleen
dcterms.subjectevaluationen
dcterms.subjectinsecticidesen
dcterms.subjectmalariaen
dcterms.subjectparasitesen
dcterms.subjectvectorsen
dcterms.subjectzebuen
dcterms.subjectanimal diseasesen
dcterms.typeJournal Article

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