Intensity and embeddedness: Two dimensions of equity approaches in multi-stakeholder forums

Hewlett, C., Sarmiento Barletti, J.P., Larson, A.M., Heise Vigil, N. and Cisneros, N. 2021. Intensity and embeddedness: Two dimensions of equity approaches in multi-stakeholder forums. Occasional Paper 221. Bogor, Indonesia: CIFOR. https://doi.org/10.17528/cifor/008003

This occasional paper presents a new approach to examining how multi-stakeholder forums (MSFs) on land use and land-use change address equity. Based on a review of cases in the scholarly literature, we engage with MSFs from two key characteristics: the degree to which an MSF includes local peoples as part of a forest-landscape solution (its intensity), and the degree to which an MSF and/or its goals or objectives are embedded or entangled in wider societal or governmental programs and processes (its embeddedness).