Tillage and crop establishment affects sustainability of South Asian rice-wheat system

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cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Rice Research Instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationSardar Vallabbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technologyen
cg.contributor.affiliationChaudhary Sarvan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Agriculture Universityen
cg.contributor.affiliationIndian Agricultural Research Instituteen
cg.creator.identifierMahesh K Gathala;: 0000-0001-8282-2953
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2010.0394en
cg.issn0002-1962en
cg.issue4en
cg.journalAgronomy Journalen
cg.volume103en
dc.contributor.authorGathala, Mahesh K.en
dc.contributor.authorLadha, J.K.en
dc.contributor.authorKumar, Vivaken
dc.contributor.authorSaharawat, Yashpal S.en
dc.contributor.authorKumar, Virenderen
dc.contributor.authorSharma, Paradeep Kumaren
dc.contributor.authorSharma, Sheetalen
dc.contributor.authorPathak, Himanshuen
dc.date.accessioned2024-12-19T12:55:36Zen
dc.date.available2024-12-19T12:55:36Zen
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/165883
dc.titleTillage and crop establishment affects sustainability of South Asian rice-wheat systemen
dcterms.abstractRice (Oryza sativa L.)–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the major cropping system occupying 13.5 million ha in the Indo‐Gangetic Plains of South Asia. Conventional‐tillage practices are resource and cost intensive. A 7‐yr study evaluated six treatments (T) involving three tillage methods and two rice establishment methods on crop yield, water productivity, and economic profitability in a rice–wheat rotation. Average rice yields in the conventional practice of puddling and transplanting without (T1) and with (T2) mid‐season alternate wetting‐drying were highest (7.81–8.10 Mg ha−1) and increased with time (0.26 Mg ha−1 yr−1) in T2. Compared to T1, rice yields in direct drill‐seeding with zero‐tillage averaged 16% lower on flat (T5) and 43% lower in raised beds (T3). Rice yield in raised beds (T3 and T4) decreased with time (0.14–0.45 Mg ha−1 yr−1). Conversely, wheat yielded 18% higher after zero compared to conventional‐tillage. Treatment 2, despite low soil matric potential during vegetative development, had higher water productivity with 25% less water use compared with T1 and 19% less compared with other treatments. Conventional‐tillage and crop establishment practices had higher net cash return in rice but in wheat it was higher with zero‐tillage. Overall, T2 and T5 had the highest net returns (∼1225US$) and T3 and T4 had the lowest (747–846 US$) in the rice–wheat system. Zero‐tillage on flat beds (T5), however, would conceivably be more sustainable than the conventional T2 in the long‐run. Yields of zero‐tillage with direct‐seeding of rice on flat beds (T5) must improve before adoption occurs.en
dcterms.available2011-07
dcterms.bibliographicCitationGathala, Mahesh K.; Ladha, J. K.; Kumar, Vivak; Saharawat, Yashpal S.; Kumar, Virender; Sharma, Paradeep Kumar; Sharma, Sheetal and Pathak, Himanshu. 2011. Tillage and crop establishment affects sustainability of South Asian rice-wheat system. Agronomy Journal, Volume 103 no. 4 p. 961-971en
dcterms.extentpp. 961-971en
dcterms.issued2011-07
dcterms.languageen
dcterms.licenseCopyrighted; all rights reserved
dcterms.publisherWileyen
dcterms.subjectcropping systemsen
dcterms.subjectdirect sowingen
dcterms.subjectgrain yielden
dcterms.subjectplant establishmenten
dcterms.subjectplant water relationsen
dcterms.subjectprofitabilityen
dcterms.subjectrotationsen
dcterms.subjectsustainabilityen
dcterms.subjecttillageen
dcterms.subjectwater useen
dcterms.subjectwheaten
dcterms.subjectzero tillageen
dcterms.typeJournal Article

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