The cost and cost-effectiveness of an integrated wasting prevention and screening intervention package in Burkina Faso and Mali

Brander, Rebecca L.; Puett, Chloe; Becquey, Elodie; Leroy, Jef L.; Ruel, Marie T.; Sessou, Fidele Eric; and Huybregts, Lieven. 2024. The cost and cost-effectiveness of an integrated wasting prevention and screening intervention package in Burkina Faso and Mali. Journal of Nutrition 154(8): 2551-2565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.04.010

Background Little is known about costs and cost-effectiveness of interventions that integrate wasting prevention into screening for child wasting.

Objective This study’s objective was to estimate the cost and cost-effectiveness of an intervention that integrated behavior change communication (BCC) and small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS) into platforms for wasting screening in Burkina Faso (a facility-based platform, where BCC was enhanced compared to standard care) and Mali (a community-based platform, with standard BCC).

Methods Activity-based costing was used to estimate the cost per child-contact for the intervention and the comparison group, which did not receive the intervention. Costs were ascertained from accounting records, interviews, surveys, and observations. The number of child-contacts were calculated using population size estimates and average attendance rates for each service. Costs per disability-adjusted life year (DALY) averted were estimated using a Markov model populated with data from the parent trials on impact on wasting incidence and treatment coverage.

Results In the intervention group in Burkina Faso, the cost per child-contact of facility-based screening was $0.85, of enhanced BCC was $4.28, and of SQ-LNS was $8.86. In Mali, the cost per child-contact of community-based screening was $0.57, of standard BCC was $0.72, and of SQ-LNS was $4.14. Although no SQ-LNS costs were incurred in the comparison groups (hence lower total costs), costs per child-contact for screening and BCC were higher because coverage of these services was lower. The intervention package cost $1,073 per DALY averted in Burkina Faso and $747 in Mali.

Conclusions Integration of wasting prevention into screening for child wasting led to higher total costs but lower unit costs than standard screening due to increased coverage. Greater cost-effectiveness could be achieved if BCC were strengthened and led to improved caregiver health and nutrition practices and if screening triggered appropriate use of services and higher treatment coverage.