Supporting multifunctionality through realistic, conditional and voluntary actions to enhance trees as source of environmental services

Leimona B, van Noordwijk M, Joshi L, Catacutan D, Yatich T, Dietz J, Mwangi H, Gathenya JM, Muthuri C, Sinclair FL, Bhattarai S, Onyango L, Suyanto, Kalinganire A, Noordin Q, Bayala J, Gebrekirstos A, Tscherning K, Duque-Piñon C, 2011. Supporting multifunctionality through realistic, conditional and voluntary actions to enhance trees as source of environmental services. In: Van Noordwijk M, Hoang MH, Neufeldt H, Öborn I, Yatich T, (eds.) How Trees And People Can Co-adapt to Climate Change: Reducing Vulnerability Through Multifunctional Agroforestry Landscapes. Nairobi: World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), pp 79-122.

In this final section we will discuss the interrelationships among people, trees and local climate (the inner circle of the diagram), and all the surrounding issues at national and international levels, and then relate our current understanding and knowledge of these interrelations to opportunities for action. We pick up the thread from Chapter D and return to the issue of multifunctionality of landscapes and the way human drivers and institutions that influence the landscape can themselves be modified. This section describes the public debate and the development of new mechanisms to support multifunctionality of landscapes, in four chapters.