Institutional gender mainstreaming in small-scale irrigation: lessons from Ethiopia

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cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Water Management Instituteen_US
cg.contributor.crpWater, Land and Ecosystemsen_US
cg.contributor.donorUnited States Agency for International Developmenten_US
cg.contributor.donorFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nationsen_US
cg.contributor.donorCGIAR Trust Funden_US
cg.coverage.countryEthiopiaen_US
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2ETen_US
cg.creator.identifierLikimyelesh Nigussie: 0000-0002-6380-743Xen_US
cg.creator.identifierThai Minh: 0000-0002-8345-6825en_US
cg.creator.identifierPetra Schmitter: 0000-0002-3826-7224en_US
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.5337/2023.218en_US
cg.identifier.iwmilibraryH052414en_US
cg.isbn978-92-9090-955-2en_US
cg.issn1026-0862en_US
cg.placeColombo, Sri Lankaen_US
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen_US
dc.contributor.authorNigussie, Likimyeleshen_US
dc.contributor.authorMinh, Thai Thien_US
dc.contributor.authorSchmitter, Petraen_US
dc.date.accessioned2023-12-13T00:11:33Zen_US
dc.date.available2023-12-13T00:11:33Zen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/135300en_US
dc.titleInstitutional gender mainstreaming in small-scale irrigation: lessons from Ethiopiaen_US
dcterms.abstractAchieving gender equality in irrigation can result in greater production, income, and job opportunities for both men and women smallholder farmers from diverse social groups, while building climate resilience in sub-Saharan Africa. In Ethiopia, national irrigation agencies, donors, and researchers have been assisting project implementers to mainstream gender issues into the planning and implementation of irrigation programs. However, although efforts to close gender gaps in irrigation have been increasing, little is known about how interactions among institutions at different scales may determine the success of gender-mainstreaming strategies. This study presents a qualitative analysis of how the interaction of institutions at multiple levels can shape the success of gender-mainstreaming strategies. Specifically, the study analyzed how institutions' rules, roles, and capacities at state, market, community, and household levels shaped strategies in Ethiopia's nine small-scale and micro irrigation development projects. The findings show that ‘rule-based’ strategies adopted by small, scheme-based irrigation projects emphasize policies and rules for equal rights and opportunities for equal participation in individuals' and institutions' decision-making and capacity development. ‘Role-based’ strategies adopted by projects promoting small-scale and micro irrigation technologies focus on challenging social norms to address the imbalance of power and workloads by developing the capacity of all stakeholders. Both strategies focus on women and use participatory approaches to ensure gender equality. Negative stereotypes about women from families, communities, and the private sector often make it difficult for gender mainstreaming to succeed. Furthermore, institutional biases and limited capacities reproduce gender inequality by reinforcing stereotypical gender norms. Transformative gender mainstreaming strategies are critical to holistic approaches that facilitate change at different scales through broad-based partnerships between actors. It calls for 1) enacting policy, creating an institutional environment, and developing governance mechanisms for mainstreaming gender; 2) enhancing the accountability system and adoption of gender-transformative approaches to involve more women farmers in designing, planning, and management; 3) creating a supportive institutional environment at market, community and household level that helps women farmers invest in irrigation; and 4) applying an intersectional lens in gender analysis and mainstreaming.en_US
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Accessen_US
dcterms.available2023en_US
dcterms.bibliographicCitationNigussie, Likimyelesh; Minh, Thai Thi; Schmitter, Petra. 2023. Institutional gender mainstreaming in small-scale irrigation: lessons from Ethiopia. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 29p. (IWMI Research Report 185) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2023.218]en_US
dcterms.extent29p.en_US
dcterms.isPartOfIWMI Research Report 185en_US
dcterms.issued2023-12-07en_US
dcterms.languageenen_US
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0en_US
dcterms.publisherInternational Water Management Instituteen_US
dcterms.subjectgender mainstreamingen_US
dcterms.subjectsmall-scale irrigationen_US
dcterms.subjectinstitutional developmenten_US
dcterms.subjectirrigation developmenten_US
dcterms.subjectdevelopment projectsen_US
dcterms.subjectgender-transformative approachesen_US
dcterms.subjectstrategiesen_US
dcterms.subjectwomen farmersen_US
dcterms.subjectgender equalityen_US
dcterms.subjectequal rightsen_US
dcterms.subjectparticipatory approachesen_US
dcterms.subjectdecision makingen_US
dcterms.subjectsmallholdersen_US
dcterms.subjectfarmer-led irrigationen_US
dcterms.subjectirrigation technologyen_US
dcterms.subjectmicroirrigationen_US
dcterms.subjectclimate resilienceen_US
dcterms.subjectincome generationen_US
dcterms.subjectmarketsen_US
dcterms.subjectcapacity developmenten_US
dcterms.subjectwater user associationsen_US
dcterms.subjectextension approachesen_US
dcterms.subjectstakeholdersen_US
dcterms.subjectprivate sectoren_US
dcterms.subjectgovernment agenciesen_US
dcterms.subjectpartnershipsen_US
dcterms.subjectgovernanceen_US
dcterms.subjectpoliciesen_US
dcterms.subjectframeworksen_US
dcterms.subjectsocial normsen_US
dcterms.subjectcommunitiesen_US
dcterms.subjecthouseholdsen_US
dcterms.typeReporten_US

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