A review of approaches to the integration of humanitarian and development aid: the case of drought management in the Horn of Africa

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR single centreen
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Livestock Research Instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationJameel Observatory for Food Security Early Actionen
cg.contributor.donorForeign, Commonwealth and Development Office, United Kingdomen
cg.contributor.donorCommunity Jameelen
cg.contributor.donorCGIAR Trust Funden
cg.coverage.regionAfrica
cg.coverage.regionEastern Africa
cg.creator.identifierTodd A Crane: 0000-0002-4395-7545en
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3389/past.2025.14001en
cg.isijournalISI Journalen
cg.issn2041-7136en
cg.journalPastoralism: Research, Policy and Practiceen
cg.subject.ilriCLIMATE CHANGEen
cg.subject.ilriDROUGHTen
cg.subject.ilriLIVESTOCKen
cg.subject.ilriPASTORALISMen
cg.subject.ilriDRYLANDSen
cg.volume15en
dc.contributor.authorMohamed, Tahira Shariffen
dc.contributor.authorCrane, Todd A.en
dc.contributor.authorDerbyshire, Samuel F.en
dc.contributor.authorRoba, Guyo Malichaen
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-24T18:49:52Zen
dc.date.available2025-01-24T18:49:52Zen
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/169864
dc.titleA review of approaches to the integration of humanitarian and development aid: the case of drought management in the Horn of Africaen
dcterms.abstractWhether and how to link humanitarian assistance and long-term development aid are questions that have underlain polarized debates in policy, practical, and theoretical spaces over recent years. This is due in large part to the diversity of actors, institutional mandates, funding sources, programmes (themselves always changing), and operational dynamics that exist between the two domains. In pastoral areas of the Horn of Africa, which experience recurrent drought emergencies, integrating the two forms of assistance has been attempted in several instances, which have often been disjointed and have sought to grapple with an unpredictable terrain of shifting policies and program designs. Such challenges have been further compounded by a substantial disconnect between programming (across humanitarian aid and resilience building) and existing pastoralist practices and strategies comprising local social safety nets. Using a comprehensive literature review, this paper explores some of the practical strategies that have been implemented to integrate these two forms of assistance over recent years. It surveys implications that arise in relation to the question of how best to address persistent drought in the Horn of Africa. Interrogating mechanisms for enhancing aid efficiency and effectiveness including crisis modifiers and contingency planning, the paper examines what progress has been made in transitioning from reactive, short-term emergency response to long-term development and what barriers still exist. It also considers Community Managed Disaster Risk Reduction (CMDRR), a modality envisaged by many as a bridge for enhancing local ownership and thus sustainability of both kinds of intervention. In doing so, the paper argues that despite multiple policy shifts and the adoption of new frameworks (including, recently, the Intergovernmental Authority on Development's Drought Disaster Resilience and Sustainability Initiative - IDDRSI), when it comes to practical implementation, there has been little progress. We suggest that this is due in part to the well documented complexity of the aid system, and the forms of bureaucracy and upward accountability that make change extremely difficult, and in part to a lack of meaningful community participation in planning and practice.en
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Access
dcterms.audienceScientistsen
dcterms.bibliographicCitationMohamed, T.S., Crane, T.A., Derbyshire, S.F. and Roba, G.M. 2025. A review of approaches to the integration of humanitarian and development aid: the case of drought management in the Horn of Africa. Pastoralism: Research, Policy and Practice 15: 14001.en
dcterms.issued2025-01-24en
dcterms.languageen
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0
dcterms.publisherFrontiers Mediaen
dcterms.subjectpastoralismen
dcterms.subjectdroughten
dcterms.subjectclimate changeen
dcterms.typeJournal Article

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ILRI Livestock, Climate and the Environment theme outputs (2025-)
ILRI People, Policies, and Institutions theme outputs (2025–)
Jameel Observatory for Food Security Early Action
Supporting Pastoralism and Agriculture in Recurrent and Protracted Crises (SPARC)