Mycotoxin concentrations in rice are affected by chalkiness, grain shape, processing type, and grain origin

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and advanced research instituteen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationAfrica Rice Centeren_US
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Institute of Tropical Agricultureen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationJustus Liebig University Giessenen_US
cg.contributor.donorEuropean Unionen_US
cg.contributor.donorCGIAR Trust Funden_US
cg.contributor.initiativePlant Healthen_US
cg.contributor.initiativeAccelerated Breedingen_US
cg.coverage.countryCôte d'Ivoireen_US
cg.coverage.countryKenyaen_US
cg.coverage.countryMadagascaren_US
cg.coverage.countryNigeriaen_US
cg.coverage.countryUgandaen_US
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2CIen_US
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2KEen_US
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2MGen_US
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2NGen_US
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2UGen_US
cg.coverage.regionAfricaen_US
cg.coverage.regionEastern Africaen_US
cg.coverage.regionSouthern Africaen_US
cg.coverage.regionWestern Africaen_US
cg.creator.identifierSali Atanga Ndindeng: 0000-0002-2403-8076en_US
cg.creator.identifierAlejandro Ortega-Beltran: 0000-0003-3747-8094en_US
cg.creator.identifierTitilayo Falade: 0000-0001-5562-7861en_US
cg.creator.identifierRousseau Djouaka: 0000-0003-4772-0753en_US
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden_US
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s12550-024-00575-wen_US
cg.identifier.iitathemePLANT PRODUCTION & HEALTHen_US
cg.isijournalISI Journalen_US
cg.issn0178-7888en_US
cg.journalMycotoxin Researchen_US
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen_US
cg.subject.actionAreaResilient Agrifood Systemsen_US
cg.subject.actionAreaGenetic Innovationen_US
cg.subject.iitaAGRONOMYen_US
cg.subject.iitaCROP SYSTEMSen_US
cg.subject.iitaFARMING SYSTEMSen_US
cg.subject.iitaFOOD SECURITYen_US
cg.subject.impactAreaNutrition, health and food securityen_US
cg.subject.impactPlatformNutrition, Health and Food Securityen_US
cg.subject.sdgSDG 2 - Zero hungeren_US
dc.contributor.authorTang, E.N.en_US
dc.contributor.authorNdindeng, S.A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorOnaga, G.en_US
dc.contributor.authorOrtega-Beltran, A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorFalade, T.D.O.en_US
dc.contributor.authorDjouaka, R.F.en_US
dc.contributor.authorFrei, M.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2024-12-11T14:45:58Zen_US
dc.date.available2024-12-11T14:45:58Zen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/163352en_US
dc.titleMycotoxin concentrations in rice are affected by chalkiness, grain shape, processing type, and grain originen_US
dcterms.abstractMycotoxins such as aflatoxins (AFs), fumonisins (FBs), zearalenone (ZEN), and deoxynivalenol (DON) pose a risk to public health due to their carcinogenic potency (AFs and FBs) and anti-nutritional effects. The hazards associated with mycotoxins are accentuated where food management practices, control, and regulatory systems from farm to plate are sub-optimal. Information on the frequency of these mycotoxins in rice commercialized in markets in sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) is limited. The current study examined AF concentrations in 527 rice samples collected from 54 markets in five SSA countries. Grain quality characteristics, processing methods, and origin of samples were contrasted with toxin levels. In total, 72% of the samples had detectable AFs levels (range = 3.0 to 89.8 μg/kg). Forty-seven percent (47%) of the samples had AFs above 4 μg/kg, the European Union maximum level (ML), and were evaluated for cooccurrence with FBs, ZEN, and DON. Total AFs and ZEN cooccurred in 40% of the samples, and 30% of the positive ZEN samples had concentrations above the ML of 75 μg/kg. Total AFs did not co-occur with FBs and DON. Multivariate analysis revealed that length-to-width ratio (p < 0.0001), mixed variety for width (p = 0.04), and chalkiness (p = 0.009) significantly influenced aflatoxin concentrations. Slender grains had higher AFs concentrations than bold and medium grains (p < 0.0001). Possible strategies to mitigate mycotoxin contamination in rice include improving grain quality traits and practicing proper drying and hermetic storage before and after milling. These findings provide valuable insights for both domestic and international actors in establishing and strengthening regulations and management systems to mitigate rice mycotoxin contamination.en_US
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Accessen_US
dcterms.audienceScientistsen_US
dcterms.available2024-11-27en_US
dcterms.bibliographicCitationTang, E.N., Ndindeng, S.A., Onaga, G., Ortega-Beltran, A., Falade, T.D.O., Djouaka, R.F. & Frei, M. (2024). Mycotoxin concentrations in rice are affected by chalkiness, grain shape, processing type, and grain origin. Mycotoxin Research, 1-15.en_US
dcterms.descriptionOpen Access Articleen_US
dcterms.extent1-15en_US
dcterms.issued2024en_US
dcterms.languageenen_US
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0en_US
dcterms.subjectmycotoxinsen_US
dcterms.subjectriceen_US
dcterms.subjectprocessingen_US
dcterms.subjectstorageen_US
dcterms.subjectafricaen_US
dcterms.typeJournal Articleen_US

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