FTA outputs
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Item ISPC Assessment of Flagship 2: Trees for Smallholder Livelihoods(Independent Commentary, 2017-09-20) CGIAR Independent Science and Partnership CouncilAssessment of Flagship 2 (Trees for smallholder livelihoods) of the CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees, and Agroforestry (2017-2022). Flagship 2 (trees for smallholder livelihoods) of the Forests, Trees and Agroforestry CRP aims to offer options for improved food security and livelihood outcomes through improvements in the management of: natural resources; timber and non-timber forest product production; tree-crop systems; pastures; and through the diversification of production systems.Item ISPC Assessment of the Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA) CRP-II revised proposal (2017-2022)(Independent Commentary, 2016-09-14) CGIAR Independent Science and Partnership CouncilItem FTA Highlight No.16 – Capacity Development(Book, 2022-08-30) Wardell, D.A.; Meybeck, A.; Gitz, V.; Brady, M.A.; Cerruti, P.O.; Elias, M.; Duguma, L.A.; Hendre, P.; Jamnadass, Ramni; Kuria, A.; Louman, B.; Martius, C.; McMullin, S.; Minang, Peter A.; Muthee, K.; Santoso, L.; Sepulveda, N.; Sinclair, F.; Somarriba, E.; Li, Y.Capacity development is a key component of the pathways from research to impact, from upstream research to downstream outcomes. The term covers a typology of different activities to increase the capacities of various ranges of actors, in order to enable them to act for positive, sustained change. In the CGIAR Research Program on Forest, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA), capacity development was mainstreamed into the 25 operational priorities, and supported by a central coordination component. This FTA highlight summarizes the evolution of the concept of capacity development (CapDev), from the inception of the programme in 2011 through the FTA Capacity Needs Assessment (2018–2019) to the final FTA CapDev Plan of Action 2020–2021 (FTA 2020a). It provides an overview of the key activities undertaken in FTA and reflects on the relevant findings from related CGIAR and FTA evaluations.Item Asia-Pacific roadmap for primary forest conservation(Working Paper, 2022-07-31) Laumonier, Y.; Azzu, N.; Adzan, G.; Narulita, S.; Khikmah, F.; Meybeck, A.; Pingault, N.; Gitz, V.Primary forests and natural landscapes in Asia and the Pacific are under increasing pressure and threats driven by population growth, migration and conflict, globalization and economic growth, urbanization, mining and infrastructure development, agriculture and planted forest expansion, forest fires and invasive species. Many of these threats are increasingly exacerbated by climate change. To address these threats, FAO and the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), lead center of the CGIAR research programme on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA), have developed a roadmap for the conservation of primary forests in Asia and the Pacific, building upon state-of-the-art knowledge and extensive consultation of key regional stakeholders. This publication uses a remote-sensing methodology to accurately and consistently identify and delineate the remaining ‘intact forests’ and ‘contiguous intact forests’ in the Asia-Pacific region over large areas, over long periods of time, and at reasonable costs. It illustrates the huge diversity of forest formations in Asia and the Pacific and calls for a better understanding of the dynamic at stake in forest ecosystems and surrounding landscapes at finer scale. It proposes a set of recommendations, inviting policymakers and other relevant stakeholders to adopt an integrated landscape perspective and to combine different mechanisms and tools at different scales, including protected areas and other area-based conservation measures, to support effective primary forest conservation.Item Asia-Pacific roadmap for primary forest conservation(Brief, 2022-07-31) Laumonier, Y.; Azzu, N.; Adzan, G.; Narulita, S.; Khikmah, F.; Meybeck, A.; Pingault, N.; Gitz, V.Item Relational values of forests: Value-conflicts between local communities and external programmes in Sulawesi(Journal Article, 2022-08-09) Yuliani, E.L.; Moeliono, M.; Labarani, A.; Fisher, M.R.; Tias, P.A.; Sunderland, T.C.H.Studies found that rapid decline of biodiversity and ecosystems globally have adversely affected an estimated 1.6 billion rural people whose livelihoods both directly and indirectly depend on forests. To halt the loss of forests and other natural ecosystems that simultaneously support rural livelihoods, various external programmes have been developed and applied, including market-based and rights-based approaches. However, rapid biodiversity and ecosystem decline continues, and better incentives or more secure rights have not always led to local community participation and improved livelihoods. This suggests the need to better explain local communities' motivations in nature stewardship. We conducted a study of local communities in two villages in Sulawesi who voluntarily maintain forests but showed resistance to participation in formal Social Forestry programmes. The study aimed to identify motivations and underlying reasons of community preferences, guided by two research questions: (i) how did local people value forest landscapes? and (ii) how did those values interact with externally driven Social Forestry programmes? We applied the Relational Values concept to understand a community's relations with the forest (or its elements) and land and identified points of value divergence. Data collection involved in-depth semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions framed by the principles of Appreciative Inquiry, participant observation and land use/land cover change analysis. Our findings show that people value their forests in relation to their identity, ancestral heritage, sense of place and spiritual values. We also identified the points of value divergence and their underlying reasons of resistance towards externally driven forestry programmes. This study thus contributes to the broader conceptualisation of values in conservation and community participation by providing empirical evidence on the importance of the Relational Values framework in understanding the motivation and behaviour of nature stewardship and in the evaluation of value conflicts.Item Permanence of avoided deforestation in a Transamazon REDD+ project (Pará, Brazil)(Journal Article, 2022-11) Carrilho, C.D.; Demarchi, G.; Duchelle, Amy E.; Wunder, Sven; Morsello, C.Item Policymaker perceptions of COVID-19 impacts, opportunities and challenges for sustainable wildlife farm management in Vietnam(Journal Article, 2022-10) Pham, T.T.; Tang, T.K.H.; Dang, H.P.; Nguyen, T.K.N.; Hoang, T.L.; Tran, N.M.H.; Nguyen, T.T.A.; Nguyen, T.V.A.; Valencia, I.This paper uses Vietnam – where overexploitation of wildlife resources is a major threat to biodiversity conservation – as a case study to examine how government officials perceive the impacts of COVID-19 on wildlife farming, as well as the opportunities and challenges presented for sustainable wildlife management. Findings show Vietnamese government officials perceive COVID-19 to have had mixed impacts on wildlife conservation policies and practice. While the pandemic strengthened the legal framework on wildlife conservation, implementation and outcomes have been poor, as existing policies are unclear, contradictory, and poorly enforced. Our paper also shows policymakers in Vietnam are not in favor of banning wildlife trade. As our paper documents the immediate impacts of the pandemic on wildlife farming, more research is necessary to analyse longer-term impacts.Item Trees as hotspots: Using forests, trees, and agroforestry to foster diverse sustainable landscapes(Journal Article, 2022) Gitz, V.; Xu, J.; Lu, Y.; Springgay, E.; Animon, I.; Mubarak, R.K.A.; Nasi, R.; Simons, T.; Barthakur, R.; Wang, R.; Su, J.; Sinclair, F.; Somarriba, E.; Gbadamassi, D.G.O.; Jamnadass, Ramni; Kettle, Christopher J.; Bu, D.; Gassner, A.; Laumonier, Y.; Zhou, M.; Baral, H.; Hua, F.; Minang, Peter A.; Guo, Y.; Brady, M.A.; Li, Y.; Mortimer, P.; Yang, B.; Gui, H.; Worthy, F.; Zhai, D.; Chen, H.; Li, H.; Su, Y.; Meybeck, A.; Ricci, F.Forests, trees, and agroforestry (FTA) are ecosystem hotspots. They exemplify the contributions of biodiversity to sustainable and resilient landscapes, green circular economy and to sustainable agriculture and food systems for healthy diets. However, most research on these topics have been performed separately and lack comparison. The International FTA-Kunming Conference 'Forests, trees and agroforestry for diverse sustainable landscapes' 22nd–24th June 2021, focused on these contributions, brought together scientists NGOs, and policy makers to further the understanding of tree diversity; provided a communication platform for scientists to share their research results; evaluated the role of tree diversity in agroecology and circular agriculture; assessed benefits of landscape restoration; and explored applied research in mountain ecosystems and food security. The goals were to gather evidence that ground the design of solutions that can contribute to the implementation of the post 2020 Global Biodiversity Framework and towards the UN Food Systems Summit, and the overall implementation of the SDGs. This paper summarizes the outcomes of the international FTA Conference in Kunming 2021 and points out the highlights of research involved in six major themes.Item One tree at a time: Restoring landscape connectivity through silvopastoral systems in transformed amazon landscapes(Journal Article, 2022-10-07) Argote, Karolina; Rodríguez Sánchez, Beatriz; Quintero, Marcela; Francesconi, WendyDue to the continued expansion of pastures and illicit crops, the Andes-Amazon foothills in Colombia are one of most threatened biodiversity hotspots in the country. Halting and restoring the connectivity of the landscapes transformed over the last 40 years and now dominated by extensive cattle ranching practices, represents a challenge. Silvopastoral systems (SPSs) have been proposed as a strategy to help conserve the biodiversity by improving landscape connectivity. However, understanding the contributions of SPSs to biodiversity conservation still requires additional research. At the farm scale (here called farmscape), we compared different landscape fragmentation and connectivity metrics under two SPS conditions (with and without). Overall, the adoption of SPSs increased the probability of connectivity (PC) index in all cases. However, the contributions of SPSs to landscape connectivity were not linear. Greater PC increases were observed in highly degraded farmscapes (ΔPc = 284) compared to farmscapes containing patches that were better connected and had larger habitat areas (ΔPc = 6). These variables could play a fundamental role in enhancing the landscape connectivity through restoration activities that seek to improve biodiversity conservation. Even if they are relatively small and scattered, in highly degraded cattle ranching systems, SPSs could significantly improve the landscape connectivity, which in turn could improve wildlife conservation.Item Exploring characteristics of national forest inventories for integration with global space-based forest biomass data(Journal Article, 2022-12-01) Nesha, Karimon; Herold, Martin; Sy, Veronique de; Bruin, Sytze de; Araza, Arnan; Málaga, Natalia; Gamarra, Javier G.P.; Hergoualc'h, Kristell; Pekkarinen, Anssi; Ramírez, Carla; Morales Hidalgo, David; Tavani, RebeccaNational forest inventories (NFIs) are a reliable source for national forest measurements. However, they are usually not developed for linking with remotely sensed (RS) biomass information. There are increasing needs and opportunities to facilitate this link towards better global and national biomass estimation. Thus, it is important to study and understand NFI characteristics relating to their integration with space-based products; in particular for the tropics where NFIs are quite recent, less frequent, and partially incomplete in several countries. Here, we (1) assessed NFIs in terms of their availability, temporal distribution, and extent in 236 countries from FAO's Global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA) 2020; (2) compared national forest biomass estimates in 2018 from FRA and global space-based Climate Change Initiative (CCI) product in 182 countries considering NFI availability and temporality; and (3) analyzed the latest NFI design characteristics in 46 tropical countries relating to their integration with space-based biomass datasets. We observed significant NFI availability globally and multiple NFIs were mostly found in temperate and boreal countries while most of the single NFI countries (94 %) were in the tropics. The latest NFIs were more recent in the tropics and many countries (35) implemented NFIs from 2016 onwards. The increasing availability and update of NFIs create new opportunities for integration with space-based data at the national level. This is supported by the agreement we found between country biomass estimates for 2018 from FRA and CCI product, with a significantly higher correlation in countries with recent NFIs. We observed that NFI designs varied greatly in tropical countries. For example, the size of the plots ranged from 0.01 to 1 ha and more than three-quarters of the countries had smaller plots of ≤0.25 ha. The existing NFI designs could pose specific challenges for statistical integration with RS data in the tropics. Future NFI and space-based efforts should aim towards a more integrated approach taking advantage of both data streams to improve national estimates and help future data harmonization efforts. Regular NFI efforts can be expanded with the inclusion of some super-site plots to enhance data integration with currently available space-based applications. Issues related to cost implications versus improvements in the accuracy, timeliness, and sustainability of national forest biomass estimation should be further explored.Item Using high-resolution imagery and deep learning to classify land-use following deforestation: a case study in Ethiopia(Journal Article, 2022-12-31) Masolele, Robert N.; Sy, Veronique de; Marcos, Diego; Verbesselt, Jan; Gieseke, Fabian; Mulatu, Kalkidan Ayele; Moges, Yitebitu; Sebrala, Heiru; Martius, Christopher; Herold, MartinNational-scale assessments of post-deforestation land-use are crucial for decreasing deforestation and forest degradation-related emissions. In this research, we assess the potential of different satellite data modalities (single-date, multi-date, multi-resolution, and an ensemble of multi-sensor images) for classifying land-use following deforestation in Ethiopia using the U-Net deep neural network architecture enhanced with attention. We performed the analysis on satellite image data retrieved across Ethiopia from freely available Landsat-8, Sentinel-2 and Planet-NICFI satellite data. The experiments aimed at an analysis of (a) single-date images from individual sensors to account for the differences in spatial resolution between image sensors in detecting land-uses, (b) ensembles of multiple images from different sensors (Planet-NICFI/Sentinel-2/Landsat-8) with different spatial resolutions, (c) the use of multi-date data to account for the contribution of temporal information in detecting land-uses, and, finally, (d) the identification of regional differences in terms of land-use following deforestation in Ethiopia. We hypothesize that choosing the right satellite imagery (sensor) type is crucial for the task. Based on a comprehensive visually interpreted reference dataset of 11 types of post-deforestation land-uses, we find that either detailed spatial patterns (single-date Planet-NICFI) or detailed temporal patterns (multi-date Sentinel-2, Landsat-8) are required for identifying land-use following deforestation, while medium-resolution single-date imagery is not sufficient to achieve high classification accuracy. We also find that adding soft-attention to the standard U-Net improved the classification accuracy, especially for small-scale land-uses. The models and products presented in this work can be used as a powerful data resource for governmental and forest monitoring agencies to design and monitor deforestation mitigation measures and data-driven land-use policy.Item Análisis ex ante de estrategias de mitigación de GEI en el cultivo de palma aceitera en la región de Ucayali, Perú(Report, 2022-08) Romero Sánchez, Miguel Antonio; Pareja, Piedad; Tristán Febres, María Claudia; Sánchez Choy, José G.; Quintero, MarcelaEste documento presenta el resumen realizado de un análisis ex ante de las estrategias de mitigación de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI), en el cultivo de palma aceitera en la región de Ucayali, Perú.Item Incentivos para contribuir a la reducción de la deforestación en cadenas de valor de commodities agrícolas en la Amazonía peruana(Report, 2022-08) Tristán Febres, María Claudia; Ivanova, Yovita; Quintero, MarcelaEl presente informe ha sido elaborado en el marco del proyecto SAB, liderado por la Alianza de Bioversity International y el Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), en coordinación con el Ministerio del Ambiente (MINAM) y el Ministerio de Desarrollo Agrario y Riego (MIDAGRI) de Perú. A su vez, es parte de la Iniciativa Climática Internacional (IKI) la cual es apoyada por el Ministerio Federal para el Ambiente, la Conservación de la Naturaleza y la Seguridad Nuclear de Alemania (BMU). Este artículo tiene como objetivos, identificar los cuellos de botella en las cadenas de valor de cacao y palma de aceite en la región de Ucayali (Perú), para que sus diferentes actores y eslabones puedan contribuir a evitar la deforestación; y a partir de estos hallazgos, identificar las condiciones habilitantes e incentivos, desde la perspectiva de los actores de diferentes eslabones de estas cadenas de valor, necesarios para reducir o evitar la deforestación en esta región Amazónica.Item Food tree species selection for nutrition-sensitive forest landscape restoration in Burkina Faso(Journal Article, 2022-11) Vinceti, Barbara; Fremout, Tobias; Termote, Céline; Fallas Conejo, Diego Alberto; Thomas, Evert; Lachat, Carl; Toe, Laeticia Celine; Thiombiano, Adjima; Zerbo, Issouf; Lompo, Djingdia; Sanou, Lassina; Parkouda, Charles; Hien, Alain; Ouédraogo, Oumarou; Ouoba, HermannModern food systems push agriculture to focus on a small number of commercial crops, while there is a very large diversity of untapped edible plants that could be used to address food security and nutrition. Poor and monotonous diets are closely linked to the complex burden of multiple forms of malnutrition and dietary risk. In some contexts, such as West Africa, micronutrient deficiency risks are particularly pronounced. Hence, there is an urgent need to provide people with healthy diets supported by sustainable food systems. Within this context, using nutrition-sensitive forest landscape restoration to combat environmental degradation could contribute towards ensuring the year-round availability of nutritious tree-based food.Item Rural youth and livelihood change(Presentation, 2017-10-18) CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and AgroforestryThis presentation was given as part of the webinar 'Rural youth and livelihood change' on 18 October 2017. The webinar was co-organized by the CGIAR Collaborative Platform for Gender Research and the CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA).Item Forests, Trees and Agroforestry - Presentation from the 2013 Annual Meeting between CGIAR and the French Research Institutions(Presentation, 2013) CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and AgroforestryItem Forests, Trees and Agroforestry - Presentation for Discussion with Donors and Partners - June 2013(Presentation, 2013-06) CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and AgroforestryItem UN Women's evaluation of the SDGs: what is the role for the CGIAR?(Presentation, 2018-09) Sijapati-Basnett, BimbikaPresented by Bimbika Sijapati-Basnett (CIFOR), as part of the Gender Research Coordinators' meeting (24 September 2018) ahead of the Annual Gender Scientific Conference hosted by the CGIAR Collaborative Platform for Gender Research. The latter event took place on 25-27 September 2018 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, hosted by the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) and co-organized with KIT Royal Tropical Institute.Item Forest landscape restoration in Kenya: Addressing gender equality(Presentation, 2019-04) Ihalainen, MarkusPresented by Markus Ihalainen (Center for International Forestry Research), as part of the Annual Scientific Conference hosted by the University of Canberra and co-sponsored by the University of Canberra, the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) and CGIAR Collaborative Platform for Gender Research, Canberra, Australia, April 2-4, 2019.