Increasing water use efficiency for food production through better livestock management: The Nile Basin
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Item Nile Basin livestock water productivity(Report, 2009-11-15) Peden, Donald G.; Alemayehu, M.; Amede, Tilahun; Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Faki, H.; Haileslassie, Amare; Herrero, Mario; Mapedza, Everisto D.; Mpairwe, D.R.; Musa, M.T.; Taddesse, G.; Breugel, P. vanPN37 (Increasing Water-Use Efficiency for Food Production through Better Livestock Management - The Nile River Basin) set out to improve food security, reduce poverty and enhance agroecosystem health by managing livestock for more effective overall use of water. PN37 responded to water challenges posed by the CPWF, to the Nile Basin Initiative’s goal of better sharing benefits of water use, and to global need for the livestock sector to use agricultural water more efficiently and effectively. PN37 identified opportunities to increase livestock water productivity (LWP) in key production systems of Ethiopia, Sudan and Uganda. In all countries and systems, the research revealed important opportunities to increase LWP through site-specific sets of interventions including improved feed sourcing, enhanced animal production, water conservation, and strategic provisioning of drinking water. It concludes that better integration of livestock, crop, water, and land management can sustainably enhance livelihoods of many poor people throughout the Nile Basin and beyond that across much of sub-Saharan Africa.Item Options for increasing livestock water productivity in the Nile basin(Presentation, 2008-11-17) Peden, Donald G.; Alemayehu, M.; Amede, Tilahun; Faki, H.; Haileslassie, Amare; Herrero, Mario; Mpairwe, D.R.; Taddesse, G.; Breugel, P. vanItem Water and livestock for human development(Book Chapter, 2007-02-28) Peden, Donald G.; Tadesse, G.; Misra, A.K.; Awad Amed, F.; Astatke, A.; Ayalneh, W.; Herrero, Mario; Kiwuwa, G.H.; Kumsa, T.; Mati, Bancy M.; Mpairwe, D.R.; Wassenaar, T.; Yimegnuhal, A.Item Towards an understanding of livestock water productivity in the Nile River Basin(Presentation, 2005-11-27) Astatke, A.; Peden, Donald G.; Sonder, Kai; Ayalneh, W.; Tadesse, G.; Kiwuwa, G.H.; Ahmed, F.; Abdel-Meguid, M.; Kumsa, T.Item Improving livestock water productivity under changing climate(Presentation, 2008-05-17) Oweis, Theib Y.; Peden, Donald G.Item Livestock water use and productivity in the Nile Basin(Journal Article, 2010-03) Peden, Donald G.Livestock are the major consumers of water but also sustain millions of pastoralist and farming families. In regions where water is a scarce commodity, such as the Nile basin, there is a need for strategies to improve livestock water productivity (LWP). This study seeks to contribute to this need through a better understanding of livestock water use and productivity within the Nile basin and how this varies across the basin. We developed a spatial framework combining dynamic models of digestion in ruminants, crop water requirements (CWRs), and animal drinking water requirements to estimate spatial distribution of livestock water requirements in different livestock production systems (LPSs). We compared this with livestock production and water availability estimates within the basin. The results show that in most areas LWP is less than 0.1 USD/m3, with only few areas showing a LWP of 0.5 USD/m3 and higher. This is largely related to very low livestock meat and milk production on one hand and very variable, but, in general, low feed water productivity (fWP). Total water need for feed production was estimated to be roughly 94 billion m3, which amounts to approximately 5% of the total annual rainfall (68 billion m3 or 3.6% of total annual rainfall when excluding water for residues). Differences in LWP between systems and regions are large, suggesting considerable scope for improvements. We discuss the main factors influencing observed patterns of LWP and livestock water use and how this information can be used for developing strategies for increasing the water productivity of agricultural systems at the basin level.Item Opportunities for increasing livestock water productivity in the Nile River Basin(Conference Paper, 2008-11-17) Peden, Donald G.; Faki, H.; Alemayehu, M.; Mpairwe, D.R.; Herrero, Mario; Breugel, P. van; Haileslassie, Amare; Taddesse, G.; Awulachew, Seleshi BekeleLivestock keeping in the Nile Basin contributes greatly to human security, income, culture and agricultural gross domestic product (GDP). Inappropriate livestock management uses excessive water and causes water and land degradation. Livestock-water interactions are complex, not well understood, and often ignored in agricultural water development. This results in lost opportunities to achieve sustainable and higher investment returns. Typically, livestock management also ignores important livestock-water issues. This lack of integration creates knowledge gaps resulting in inefficient and inequitable use of water resources. This paper summarizes selected research findings on livestock-water productivity (LWP) in the Ethiopian Blue Nile Highlands, Uganda‟s Cattle Corridor, and the Central Belt of Sudan. It suggests selected intervention options to increase LWP, improve livelihoods and reduce land and water degradation. Overall, LWP compares favorably with crop-water productivity. Yet, huge opportunities remain to further increase LWP potentially enabling more agricultural production and support for ecosystem services without depleting additional water. Four strategies to increase LWP are selection of animal feeds derived from plant materials with high crop water productivity, improved water conservation through better management of watering sites, vegetation and soil on grazing, crop and riparian lands, adoption of technologies to improve animal health, genetics, nutrition and husbandry, and strategic allocation of watering sites to adjust grazing pressure to sustainably match the spatial distributions of pasture and drinking water availability. Implications and opportunities for benefit sharing, IWRM, and poverty reduction in the Nile Basin are discussed in the context of the Ethiopian, Sudanese and Ugandan case studies.Item Improving livestock water productivity to help satisfy future human dietary requirements in developing countries(Presentation, 2006-08-20) Peden, Donald G.; Herrero, Mario; Taddesse, G.; Molden, David J.Item Toward a LWP assessment methodology: a contribution to the Karkheh CPWF workshop(Presentation, 2005-04) Peden, Donald G.Item Investing in water to support livestock sector growth in sub-Saharan Africa(Presentation, 2004-08-20) Peden, Donald G.; Freeman, H.A.; Astatke, A.; Notenbaert, An Maria Omer; Sheikh, D.; Workalemahu, A.Item Livestock water productivity and its implications for developing countries: harnessing WP in crop-livestock systems of SSA(Presentation, 2007-09-24) Peden, Donald G.Item Livestock and water in developing countries (SSA)(Presentation, 2007-04-02) Peden, Donald G.Item Strategies for improving livestock water productivity or moving beyond the elephant’s trunk(Presentation, 2008-11-09) Peden, Donald G.Item Nile Basin water productivity: developing a shared vision for livestock production(Presentation, 2005-09-05) Peden, Donald G.Item Investment options for integrating water management and crop and livestock production in sub-Saharan Africa(Presentation, 2005-03-14) Peden, Donald G.; Freeman, H.A.; Astatke, A.; Notenbaert, An Maria Omer; Sheikh, D.Item Integrating the unusual (livestock and ???)(Presentation, 2006-11-08) Peden, Donald G.Item Nile Basin livestock-water productivity(Poster, 2003) Peden, Donald G.; Ebong, Cyprian; El-Khodari, N.; Gessesse, H.; Jabbar, M.A.; Kiwuwa, G.H.; Kumsa, K.; Merrey, Douglas J.; Ndikumana, J.; Rosales, M.; Sally, Hilmy; van Koppen, Barbara; Vigoda, M.Item Better livestock management enhances agricultural water productivity in the Nile Basin(Poster, 2008) Peden, Donald G.; Haileslassie, Amare; Mpairwe, D.R.; Taddesse, G.; Faki, H.; Alemayehu, M.; Breugel, P. van; Amede, A.Item Water flows-income grows(Poster, 2006) International Livestock Research InstituteItem Multiple use services: key issues in the Nile Basin of Ethiopia(Presentation, 2010-02-15) Duncan, Alan J.; Peden, Donald G.; Bossio, Deborah A.