CGIAR GENDER Platform methods module outputs

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/119524

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    The value of control versus the value of time: A field experiment in Rwanda
    (Blog Post, 2023-01-16) Hickman, William; Kramer, Berber; Mollerstrom, Johanna; Seymour, Greg
    Agricultural development programs often aim to empower women by enhancing their control over income via new work opportunities, but as an unintended negative consequence, these programs can sometimes increase women's already heavy workloads. This raises the question of whether women themselves consider the increased control over income to be worth the additional work. To answer this, we need to know how much they value control over income and how much they value efforts to free up their time.
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    The status of women’s empowerment in the aquaculture sector in Kenya
    (Journal Article, 2024-03-21) Adam, Rahma; Subian, Farha; Njogu, Lucy
    Purpose Women’s empowerment remains a key development challenge in Kenya. The purpose of this study is to attempt to understand the status of women’s empowerment and the key contributors to their disempowerment in Kenya’s aquaculture sector. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 534 male and female fish farmers from 300 households drawn from six counties in Kenya (Kakamega, Kisumu, Kisii, Kiambu, Meru and Nyeri). The Abbreviated Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (A-WEAI) was adapted to Abbreviated Women’s Empowerment in Fisheries and Aquaculture Index (A-WEFI) to suit the aquaculture and fisheries sub-sector. The adapted A-WEFI was then used to estimate and the status of women’s and men’s using five domains of empowerment (5DE) and a gender parity index (GPI). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Cramer’s V and sensitivity analysis as test statistics. Findings About 86% of the men and 80% of the women were classified as empowered. The mean score of the 5DE was 0.93 and 0.95 for women and men, respectively. In addition, 82% of the households achieved gender parity, suggesting that for such households, empowerment of men was no greater than that of women. Overall, the results suggest no major differences between the empowerment of women and men. Findings suggest areas of improvement in empowerment: when observed separately, women report lack of agency in production, resource, time-use and allocation and leadership. Originality/value This paper adapts the A-WEAI to the fisheries and aquaculture context, in bid to bridge the gap in standard women’s empowerment measurement methods in this area. Also, there are limited empirical studies on the multifaceted empowerment of women in aquaculture in Kenya. The findings are meant to serve as a point of reference for policymakers, as they develop gender-responsive intervention programmes, and in implementing gender mainstreaming in Kenya.
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    Empowerment and women’s wellbeing: A comparison of widely used empowerment metrics
    (Presentation, 2023-01-31) Bageant, Elizabeth; Narayanan, Sudha; Lentz, Erin C.; Jensen, Nathaniel D.; Lepariyo, Watson
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    Empowerment Beyond the Household: Measuring and Comparing the Collective Agency of Groups and Individuals
    (Presentation, 2023-07-20) Meinzen-Dick, Ruth S.; ElDidi, Hagar; Pereira, Audrey; Heckert, Jessica; Kosec, Katrina; Nchanji, Eileen Bogweh; Seymour, Greg
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    Development of a Women’s Empowerment metric for Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WE-WASH)
    (Presentation, 2023-08-22) Heckert, Jessica; Faas, Simone
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    A process guide for the development of a mixed-methods research tool for measuring and understanding intra-household decision making
    (Working Paper, 2023-02-11) Mwakanyamale, Devis F.; Cole, Steven M.; Heckert, Jessica; John, Innocensia; Fischer, Gundula; Seymour, Greg; Feleke, Shiferaw
    Numerous approaches have been developed by researchers for measuring intra-household decision making. Most use quantitative surveys that often rely on a standard set of questions that inquire about who contributes to key household decisions or women’s abilities to participate in these decisions. Such questions have been criticized for focusing too much on the identity of the decision maker and less on understanding why and how decisions get made within the household and on the multiple facets of women’s roles in decision-making processes1. To address the shortcomings of current approaches, we (an interdisciplinary group of applied gender and agriculture researchers) developed a transdisciplinary and mixed-methods approach that can be adapted across livelihoods and geographies to measure intra-household decision making and shed light on the “who,” “why,” and “how” of important household decisions. This guide describes the transdisciplinary process that was used to develop the mixed-methods research tool for understanding and measuring intra-household decision making. In our approach, we focus on measuring who makes which decisions, how, and why and how this influences food, nutrition, and economic security outcomes. This guide, therefore, provides a base for other researchers and development practitioners to develop a context-specific mixed-methods tool for understanding and measuring intra-household decision making.
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    Lessons from using qualitative methods in the Project-Level Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (pro-WEAI)
    (Blog Post, 2022-07-22) Rubin, Deborah S.; Myers, Emily C.; Meinzen-Dick, Ruth S.
    The Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (WEAI), launched in 2012, and its later iterations, including the project-level WEAI (pro-WEAI), have become well-known standards for measuring shifts in women’s and men’s empowerment. Less well recognized is how the surveys have benefitted from qualitative research and its ability to provide insights into peoples’ perceptions and beliefs, in their own words, helping to clarify the reasons behind their behaviors. 
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    Getting an insider’s perspective to better understand women’s empowerment
    (Blog Post, 2022-09-29) Jackson-deGraffenried, Meredith; Kalam, Md. Abul
    In the past, methods for measuring women’s empowerment have often relied on indicators defined by outsiders. In a recent project in Bangladesh, we worked with local communities to gain an insider’s perspective and create a custom scale to better capture what women’s empowerment means for them.
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    Gender research tools help design CGIAR projects for nutrition outcomes
    (Blog Post, 2022-11-15) Go, Ara; Malapit, Hazel J.
    Three CGIAR GENDER projects initiated in June last year are already proving their worth for researchers applying the Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (WEAI) and nutrition tools.
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    Testing tools to measure women’s empowerment in fisheries and aquaculture
    (Blog Post, 2022-12-13) Rajaratnam, Surendran; Choudhury, Afrina; Adam, Rahma
    To measure the impact of fisheries and aquaculture projects on women's empowerment and nutrition, it is important to have a reliable tool for data collection. 
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    Validating measures of women’s empowerment for high-quality, comparable results
    (Blog Post, 2022-05-13) Go, Ara; Malapit, Hazel J.
    What gets measured, gets done—but tools must produce precise, comparable results to enable us to track progress toward women’s empowerment across projects, sectors and regions. 
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    Considering gender in research: an ethics and standards toolkit
    (Manual, 2022-09-26) Faas, Simone; Makhija, Simrin; Bryan, Elizabeth; Go, Ara; Malapit, Hazel J.
    This gender research ethics and standards toolkit is a ‘living’ document that will provide guidance, recommendations and resources on the gender-relevant ethical considerations for research involving human subjects. The toolkit aligns with the CGIAR’s core ethical values outlined in the CGIAR Ethics Framework of (1) integrity, (2) dignity and respect, (3) sustainability, (4) excellence and innovation, and (5) partnership. This toolkit aims to support CGIAR researchers and their research partners conducting research on human subjects—whether via surveys, interviews, focus group discussions, participant observations, multistakeholder dialogues, or participatory action and learning—in accordance with the CGIAR Research Ethics Code (CGIAR System Management Office 2020).
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    Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture in times of COVID-19: Panel data evidence from Nepal
    (Presentation, 2022-03-30) Mane, Erdgin; Macchioni Giaquinto, Annarita; Ndoro, Rumbidzai
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    Exploring self-efficacy in the sociocultural context to improve measurement and understanding of perceived self-efficacy
    (Presentation, 2022-04-30) Jackson-deGraffenried, Meredith; Kalam, Abul