CIP Science Goal: Crop Improvement
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Item Producción de tubérculos-semillas de papa: Manual de capacitación CIP(Manual, 1999) Hidalgo, O.Item Intervenciones Actuales del CIP y Ejes Centrales de una Estrategia Institucional(Presentation, 2025-05) Polar, VivianItem Structural, Physicochemical, and Digestion Properties of Sweetpotato Starches(Journal Article, 2025-05-04) Alayouni, R.; Muzhingi, T.; Nakitto, M.; Baride, A.; Yao, T.; Janaswamy, S.Sweetpotato starch has significant nutritional value. However, there is considerable variability in starch characteristics among different sweetpotato cultivars, necessitating a deeper understanding of the inherent varietal differences. This study compares the structural and physicochemical properties of starches from seven sweetpotato varieties: NASPOT8, NASPOT10 O, NASPOT11, NASPOT12 O, NASPOT13 O, Kakamega, and Ejumula, cultivated in Uganda. The results suggest that sweetpotato starch granules are irregularly elliptical. The amylose content ranges from 20.87% to 35.40%, with low starch damage of 0.19% to 0.53%. The peak viscosity, final viscosity, breakdown viscosity, and setback viscosity vary from 9973 cp to 19258 cp, 2190 cp to 5901 cp, 6791 cp to 14195 cp, and 272 cp to 1501 cp, respectively. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals Cc-type starch with a relative crystallinity of 11.76% to 15.34%. The RDS, SDS, and RS amounts vary significantly (p<0.05) from 70.20% to 79%, 9.42% to 16.02%, and 7.72% to 15.48%, respectively. NASPOT8 has unique features among the seven varieties, including reduced pasting viscosity, higher gelatinization temperature, and lower digestibility. The findings provide valuable insights into using sweetpotato varieties grown in Uganda for various food and non-food applications.Item Tropical potatoes: a public-private partnership in speed breeding(Brief, 2025-04) International Potato CenterItem New potato seed technologies increasing yields, jobs, and incomes in Asia and Africa(Brief, 2025-04) International Potato CenterItem Breeding Innovation and Integration Fund: Consumer Testing Report(Report, 2025-04) Nakitto, M.; Guambe, O.; Matsimbe, S.; Bwire, G.; Okoye, B.; Ofoeze, M.; Madu, T.; Mulwa, C.Item Fampahafantarana mikasika ny vomanga miaty laoranjy naparitaka(Brief, 2025-04) International Potato CenterNy antontan-taratasy mitondra ny lohateny hoe "Fampahafantarana mikasika ny kazarana vomanga miaty laoranjy" dia manolotra fampidirana amin'ny antsipiriany momba ny karazana vomanga miaty laoranjy samihafa naparitaka. Izy io dia manasongadina ny toetra manokana an'ny karazana tsirairay, ary koa ny tombony ara-pambolena sy ara-tsakafo.Item Eliciting Market Demand for Advanced Breeding Clones of Roots, Tuber and Banana Crops in Uganda, Nigeria and Côte D’Ivoire(Report, 2025-04) Mulwa, C.K.; Okoye, B.; Kanon, A.; Okumu, B.; Nnabue, I.; Koffi, C.; Nakitto, M.; Bello, A.; Iragaba, P.; Mobio, A.; Okello, J.J.; Nwanze, O.; Bwire, G.; Ssali, R.T.; Madu, T.; Olivier Atsin, G.; Adiko, E.; Sylvie Diby, N.; Kouassi, A.; Ejechi, M.; Okoye, C.; Onyemauwa, N.; Ofoeze, M.; Ukeje, B.; Teeken, B.Roots, tubers, and bananas (RTBs) play an important role in food security and income generation in Uganda, Nigeria, and Côte d'Ivoire, serving as essential sources of food security, nutrition and wealth creation because of the numerous opportunities within the value chain. Despite their significance, demand for improved varieties of these crops is still very low, due to several barriers including, limited access to quality planting materials, low consumer awareness, among others. While these traditional barriers to improved variety adoption are binding, neglect of end-user preferences, especially for quality traits, in the variety development process is gaining tract as an important constraint to widespread adoption of new improved varieties. This has led to a shift in breeding programs towards demand-led breeding for enhanced acceptability of new varieties for higher adoption. These studies aim to understand the acceptability of advanced clones of RTB crops emanating from demand-led breeding lines, as an indication of their acceptability and potential adoption by end-users, and for feedback to the breeding programs on trait prioritization. The studies employ an experimental auction approach to elicit consumer demand for advanced breeding clones of sweetpotato, cassava and plantain across three countries (Uganda, Nigeria, and Cote D’Ivoire), based on various quality traits The study finds that consumer demand for improved sweetpotato clones in Uganda is significantly influenced by sensory attributes such as taste and appearance, and that urban consumers have higher WTP for clones that are nutritionally enhanced and have better taste, compared to their rural counterparts. Similar patterns are observed in Nigeria and Cote D’Ivoire, where cassava products like gari and fufu, and plantain, respectively, are preferred based on traditional consumption traits. The studies highlight the importance of understanding end-user demand for RTBs products, based on intrinsic preferences, and the need for prioritizing quality traits such as taste, nutrition, and visual appearance, in the development of new improved RTB varieties, for enhanced acceptance, demand, and adoption. Similarly, on the demand side, the studies show that enhancing consumer awareness on hidden traits, such as nutritional benefits, are critical in improving demand for varieties with such traits.Item Karazana vomanga sy ny toetra mampiavaka azy(Brief, 2025-04) Ralisoa, N.; Rasoloniaina, B.Item Systeme semencier de la pomme de terre a Madagascar(Brief, 2025) Wauters, P.; Rasoloniaina, B.; Rukundo, P.; Sharma, K.; Atieno, E.; Nyawade, S.; Ralisoa, N.; Raoelimanana, H.Item Variety use and preferences among smallholder sweetpotato farmers and how best to improve their access to quality seed: A gendered perspective and implications for breeding program design(Journal Article, 2025-03-17) Bayiyana, I.; Okello, J.J.; Ojwang, S.O.; Mulwa, C.K.; Shikuku, Kelvin Mashisia; Mayanja, S.; Ssali, R.T.; Namanda, S.; Kemigisha, D.; Lagerkvist, Carl JohanUganda is a secondary centre of diversity of sweetpotato with most farmers maintaining at least four varieties in their fields. However, most of these varieties are landraces, with the uptake of improved sweetpotato varieties being quite low in the country, especially among women. Efforts to decrease the gender technology adoption gap are critical for inclusive impacts of innovations. This study aims to understand gendered drivers of sourcing and use of sweetpotato varieties among smallholder farmers exposed to behavioural interventions in Uganda. Key informant interviews (KII), focus group discussions (FGDs) and semi-structured interviews (SSI) were used to gather baseline information from farmers located in communities that received behavioural interventions. The results indicate that while men sourced seed-vines mainly from purchasing in the market, women farmers did so mainly from social networks including fellow farmers or neighbours. Men had higher tendency to source vines from the market likely because of higher mobility than women. Consumption traits, especially quality characteristics were strongly associated with variety use. Notably, sweet taste played a big role and was linked to preference for Iboi, Ejumula and Kakamega, the leading varieties. This was followed by high root yield. The challenges women face in sweetpotato production included limited labour force and shortage of farm equipment/machinery, lack of timely access to planting material at on-set of rains, and lack of access to affordable/ cost of improved varieties. These findings highlight the importance of paying attention to both quality and agronomic traits, and not only the latter, in variety development. They also suggest the need for implementation of effective promotional strategies including demonstration gardens, technical backstopping to extensionists to equip them, radio talk shows and market linkages.Item Costing report: White/Cream Fleshed Product Profile. National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI)(Report, 2024-10) Yada, B.; Otema, M.; Chelangat, D.M.; Osaru, F.; Musana, P.; Atugonza, K.; Wembabazi, E.; Kisseka, F.; Alajo, A.; Namakula, J.; Aboyo, R.; Sunday, L.; Asiimwe, J.; Nusula, N.; Nakasujja, F.; Nakimera, G.; Alalo, M.D.; Wasswa, G.Item Costing of White Fleshed Sweetpotato pipeline by CIP in Mozambique(Report, 2024-10) Makunde, G.S.; Madroba, G.; Covele, G.; Langa, C.B.; Chichango, A.; Hélio, J.; Das, B.; Musundire, L.; Milic, D.; Odiyo, O.; Madahanna, S.; Mutiga, S.Item Costing of Orange Fleshed Sweetpotato pipeline by CIP in Mozambique(Report, 2024-10) Makunde, G.S.; Madroba, G.; Covele, G.; Langa, C.B.; Chichango, A.; Hélio, J.; Das, B.; Musundire, L.; Milic, D.; Odiyo, O.; Madahanna, S.; Mutiga, S.Item Costing Report: East Africa High Sweetpotato Virus (SPVD) Pressure Zone Orange-Fleshed Sweetpotato (OFSP)(Report, 2024-10) Bwire, G.; Ssali, R.T.; Das, B.; Musundire, L.; Milic, D.; Odiyo, O.; Madahanna, S.; Mutiga, S.Item Costing Report: East Africa High Sweetpotato virus (SPVD) pressure zone White fleshsed Sweetpotato (WFSP)(Report, 2024-10) Bwire, G.; Ssali, R.T.; Das, B.; Musundire, L.; Milic, D.; Odiyo, O.; Madahanna, S.; Mutiga, S.Item Tree sequences efficiently store autotetraploid haplotype information from a multi-parental breeding population of potato(Poster, 2024) Pereira, G.S.; Nogueira, N.P.; Mendes, T.; Kante, M.; Lindqvist-Kreuze, H.; Gesteira, G.S.; Mollinari, M.; Zeng, Z.-B.; Becher, H.; Gorjanc, G.Item Standard operating procedure for characterization of instrumental texture of steamed potato by penetration, TPA and extrusion(Manual, 2024) Nakitto, M.; Moyo, M.; Mendes, T.; Balikoowa, B.; Ssali, R.T.; Ayetigbo, O.; Mestres, C.Consumers of potato in Uganda prefer potato tubers that are soft when cooked. Softness is commonly used as an antonym for firmness. Therefore, consumers like potatoes that require little effort to bite through. This SOP describes laboratory-based methods for measuring instrumental texture in steamed potato. The methods described include details about sample preparation, conditions of instrumental texture analysis and description of textural parameters measured. To cook the samples, cubed pieces measuring 2.5cm on each side were excised from potato tubers and steamed between pieces of banana leaves over boiling water for 15 minutes. A similar procedure is used when preparing potato samples for descriptive sensory analysis where whole tubers are peeled and steamed between layers of banana leaves over boiling water for 40 minutes. The proposed texture analysis procedure is conducted on 2.5 cm cubes of potato using a 60° conical probe to a maximum distance of 10 mm for penetration, 75mm cylindrical plate for two-cycles texture profile analysis (TPA), and 5-blade grid Ottawa cell for extrusion. The methods were validated by comparing with descriptive sensory analysis of steamed potato on the same samples, and significant correlations were found. While all the methods were discriminant, the penetration method seemed to be preferred in lieu of extrusion and texture profile analysis.Item Evaluating standard procedures for instrumental textural analysis of steamed potato: Relationship with sensory parameters(Conference Paper, 2024) Nakitto, M.; Moyo, M.; Mendes, T.; Balikoowa, B.; Ssali, R.T.; Ayetigbo, O.; Mestres, C.; Dufour, D.Consumer preference for boiled potato in Uganda has been assessed to be prevalently based on soft (hardness) and mealy texture. However, harmonised standard procedures have not been hitherto developed to characterize the texture of boiled potato instrumentally in SSA. The RTBBreeding© project focussed on developing discriminant and sensory-correlated procedures based on comparative analyses of Extrusion, Penetration and Texture Profile Analysis (TPA) techniques for mid-throughput evaluation of texture of steamed potato from potato varieties. Tubers of nine popular landrace varieties cultivated in Kabale and Rakai districts of Uganda were used. The tubers were cut into 25 mm cubes, steamed for 15 min in banana leaves and analysed using a calibrated TA-XT texture analyser under standard conditions (Extrusion: test speed 1 mm s-1, strain 80 %, 5-blade grid Ottawa cell; Penetration: test speed 1 mm s-1, distance 10 mm, 60° cone probe; TPA: test speed 1 mm s-1, distance 5 mm, wait period 5 s, 75 mm cylindrical plate) at about 25 °C. For descriptive sensory analysis, twenty random tubers from each variety were steamed for 40 min and evaluated in duplicate by trained panellists for eleven selected sensory parameters on a 11-point scale ranging from 0 (minimum intensity) to 10 (maximum intensity). Results show that Area under curve/Extrusion work (73-236 N.mm), Maximum force/ hardness (6-17 N), and End force (6-15 N) were the more discriminant textural parameters for extrusion. Maximum force, End force and Extrusion work significantly correlated with sensory Moisture release and Hardness by hand. The discriminant textural parameters for penetration were Area under curve/ Penetration work (6-21 N mm) and Maximum force/ hardness (2-6 N). Significant correlations exist between penetration Hardness and Area under curve and the sensory Hardness by hand, fracturability, cohesiveness, and smoothness. Finally, the more discriminant textural parameters for TPA were Hardness (20-52 N), Gumminess (5-19 N) and Chewiness (5-18 N). There are significant correlations between TPA Adhesiveness and sensory moisture release and mealiness. Among the methods, the penetration method was more preferred as it correlated most with sensory evaluation, while TPA was least correlated with sensory.Item Evaluation of Genetic Diversity and Genome-Wide Association Studies of Resistance to Bacterial Wilt Disease in Potato(Journal Article, 2025-03-22) Okiro, L.A.; Mulwa, R.M.; Oyoo, M.E.; Ojwang, P.; Otieno, S.; Gaiero, P.; Pereira, G.S.; Mendes, T.The development of novel improved varieties adapted to unstable environmental conditions is possible through the genetic diversity of breeding materials. Potato is among the most important food crops worldwide; however, there are still significant hindrances to breeding gains attributed to its autotetraploid and highly heterozygous genome. Bacterial wilt caused by the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex is an important disease affecting potato among many economically important crops worldwide. No cultivated potato genotypes have shown a satisfactory level of resistance to bacterial wilt. Nevertheless, resistance can play a crucial role in effective integrated disease management. To understand the genetic landscape of bacterial wilt resistance in cultivated potato, we evaluated the diversity of 192 accessions from the International Potato Center (CIP) using 9,250 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and their associations with the response to bacterial wilt disease evaluated over two independent trials. Twenty-four accessions showed high resistance throughout both trials. Genetic diversity analysis revealed three major clusters whose subgroups were mostly represented by CIP clones derived from common parents. Genome-wide association analyses identified six major hits: two on chromosome 8 and one on each chromosome 2, 4, 5, and 9. These results facilitate genetic dissection of bacterial wilt resistance and enable marker-assisted breeding in elite genotypes for potato breeding initiatives.