CRP WHEAT outputs

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/97134

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ISPC Assessment of the Wheat Agri-Food System (WHEAT) CRP-II revised proposal (2017-2022)
(Independent Commentary, 2016-09-14) CGIAR Independent Science and Partnership Council
CGIAR Research Program on Wheat Annual report 2021
(Annual Report, 2022-06) CGIAR Research Program on Wheat
A Framework for Bundling Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) and Climate Information Services (CIS) in Ethiopia
(Report, 2021-11-01) Tesfaye, Kindie; Tamene, Lulseged D.; Demissie, Teferi Dejene; Seid, Jemal; Haile, Aynalem; Mekonnen, Kindu; Solomon, Dawit
Ethiopia is increasingly impacted by climate change and variability because of its greater reliance on climate-sensitive economic sectors such as agriculture. The impacts of climate change and variability are greater on a poor section of the rural community in particular because of their weak adaptive capacities. In recent years, there has been an increasing focus on promoting climate-smart agriculture (CSA) and climate information services (CIS) to improve climate risk management and adaptation of smallholders to climate change in Ethiopia. However, CSA and CIS are rarely provided to farmers in an integrated manner. Therefore, considering the current agricultural technology development and dissemination landscape and the growing digital climate agro-advisory services in the country, a CSA and CIS budling framework is developed for Ethiopia. Bundling of CSA and CIS is expected to empower farmers to make appropriate decisions on a seasonal and intra-seasonal basis, minimize 'technology failure' due to climate variability and enhance adoption of new or existing CSA technologies/practices, reduce yield loss due to climate variability, and farm costs, and increase household income and food security and enhances resilience. Moreover, the bundling framework creates an opportunity for a platform to integrate tools, technologies, and services provided by different institutions and actors. The framework is validated through stakeholder feedback, and it is expected to guide the scaling of bundled services to smallholders.
Smallholder farmer engagement in citizen science for varietal diversification enhances adaptive capacity and productivity in Bihar, India
(Journal Article, 2021-10-28) Gotor, Elisabetta; Pagnani, Tiziana; Paliwal, Ambica; Scafetti, Flavia; Etten, Jacob van; Caracciolo, Francesco
There is evidence that in many situations the use of a diverse set of two or more crop varieties in the field has benefits for production. The benefits of varietal diversification include lower crop disease incidence, higher productivity, and lower yield variability. Targeted interventions could increase varietal diversity where smallholder farmers lack the knowledge and access to seeds needed to diversify their varieties. Innovations based on crowdsourced citizen sciencemake it possible to involve a large number of households in farmer participatory varietal selection. This study analyses varietal diversification in Bihar, India, focusing on the effects of the largest citizen science-based intervention to date, involving 25,000 farmers and 47,000 plots ∗ seasons. The study examines if an increase in the varietal diversity of major staple crops, namely wheat and rice, under real farming conditions contributed to: (1) crop productivity and (2) the ability of households to recover from agricultural production shocks. We used the Rural Household Multi-Indicator Survey (RHoMIS) as a survey tool for rapid characterization of households and the sustainable rural livelihoods framework to understand the potential multiple interactions that are activated within the system by the intervention. We found that an increase in varietal diversification produced livelihood benefits in terms of crop productivity and the ability of households to recover from the occurrence agricultural shocks. Finally, outcomes highlight the effectiveness of development programmes aimed at strengthening rural livelihoods through participatory approaches and use of local crop varietal diversity.
Agroecological transformation for sustainable food systems : Insight on France-CGIAR research
(Report, 2021-09) Adhikari, K.; Affholder, F.; Alaphilippe, A.; Alary, V.; Albrecht, A.; Amaral, J.; Ameur, F.; Amichi, H.; Ampadu-Boakye, T.; Andrieu, Nadine; Ankati, S.; Ann, V.; Anne, M.; Antona, M.; Arango, Jacobo; Asare, R.; Atieno, M.; Atta-Krah, K.; Aubertot, J.-N.; Aubin, J.; Audebert, G.; Avelino, J.; Bado, V.; Bahena, F.; Bai, Keiu; Baijukya, F.; Banda, P.; Barataud, F.; Barkaoui, K.; Barnaud, Adéline; Barnaud, C.; Barrière, O.; Bassi, Filippo; Bazile, D.; Beggi, Francesca; Bekunda, Mateete A.; Bélières, J.-F.; Bellon, S.; Belqadi, L.; Bergamini, Nadia; Bernard, L.; Bertrand, B.; Bessou, C.; Bidou, J.E.; Biénabe, E.; Biradar, Chandrashekhar M.; Bishaw, Zewdie; Blanchard, M.; Blanchart, E.; Blanco, J.; Boichard, M.; Bordier, M.; Bouarfa, S.; Boulestreau, Y.; Bourion, V.; Brady, M.; Braga, D.; Brandão, F.; Brat, P.; Brau, L.; Brauman, A.; Bressac, C.; Bwembelo, L.; Calatayud, Paul-André; Cardinael, R.; Cardinale, E.; Carsan, S.; Caruso, D.; Casagrande, M.; Casellas, E.; Castella, J.C.; Catacutan, D.; Cederberg, C.; Cerdan, C.; Cerf, M.; Chapuis- Lardy, L.; Chargelegue, F.; Chernet, M.; Chevallier, T.; Chibeba, A.; Chikoye, David; Chomba, S.; Choosai, C.; Chotte, J.-L.; Christmann, S.; Coe, R.; Colangelo, P.; Coquil, X.; Corbeels, Marc; Coudel, E.; Cournac, L.; Coyne, D.; Crauser, D.; Crossland, M.; Cunha, L.; Cuong, O.Q.; Damour, G.; Darias, M.J.; Dawson, Ian K.; Santis, Paola de; Vries, H. de; Deconchat, M.; Dedieu, B.; Deffontaines, S.; Degefu Agazhi, Z.; Deguine, J.P.; Delabouglise, A.; Deletre, E.; Dell’Acqua, Matteo; Dembélé, C.; Demenois, J.; Derero, A.; Deshmukh, S.; Desquesnes, Devkota M.; Dhyani, S.K.; Djama, M.; Do, H.; Dorel, M.; Dorin, B.; Drezen, J.-M.; Droy, I.; Ducrocq, V.; Ducrot, C.; Dufour, B.; Dumont, B.; Duponnois, R.; Dury, S.; Duval, J.; Edel, I.; Ekue, M.; Elias, Marlène; Esquerré, D.; Estrada-Carmona, Natalia; Fadda, Carlo; antahun Lakew, B.; Fatondji, D.; Faye, B.; Feder, F.; Figuié, M.; Fleurance, G.; Flor, R.J.; Fonteyne, S.; Forey, O.; Fortuna, T.; Fouillet, E.; Foundjem, D.; Franco, J.; Frandon, J.; Freed; S.; Fremout, Tobias; Frija, A.; Gallagher, E.J.; Gardeazabal, A.; Gascuel, C.; Gauchan, Devendra; Gée, C.; Gervet, C.; Gitz, V.; Göldel, B.; Gopalakrishnan, S.; Goshu, D.; Gouriveau, F.; Goutard, F.; Govaerts, Bram; Govoeyi, B.; Graindorge, R.; Graudal, Lars; Grondin, A.; Gumbo, D.J.; Haddad, M.; Hadgu, K.M.; Hainzelin, E.; Hambloch, C.; Harrison, R.; Hassan, S.; Hauser, M.; Hauser, S.; Hellin, Jonathan; Hénault, C.; Hendre, P.S.; Herrmann, L.; Hippolyte, I.; Homann-Kee Tui, Sabine; Hoopen, G.M.T.; Hostiou, N.; Hubert, B.; Huising, J.; Hunter, Danny; Ickowitz, A.; Idoudi, Z.; Ihalainen, Markus; Iskra-Caruana, M.-L.; Jaba, J.; Jacquiet, P.; Jagoret, P.; Jamnadass, Ramni H.; Jankowski, F.; Jarvis, Devra I.; Jatin, Jeuffroy M.-H.; Joly, F.; Jones, Sarah K.; Jouquet, P.; Kaiser, L.; Kamara, A.; Kameli, Y.; Karki, Y.; Kassahun Mengistu, D.; Kebede, Y.; Kemal, S.A.; Kidane, Yosef Gebrehawaryat; Kikulwe, Enoch Mutebi; Kindt, R.; Kintche, K.; Kiros, A.; Knudsen, M.T.; Krasova-Wade, T.; Kreye, C.; Kukanur, V.; Kumar, S.; Kumar, V.; La, N.; Labeyrie, V.; Laplaze, L.; Le Bars, M.; Le Coq, Jean-François; Le Du, L.; Le Gouis, J.; Le Page, C.; Le Quéré, A.; Leauthaud, C.; Leclerc; C.; Lefeuvre, T.; Lepage, A.; Lescourret, F.; Lescuyer, G.; Lesueur, Didier; Likando Masheke Siamutondo, A.; Loconto, A.; Lohbeck, M.; Loire, E.; Loireau, M.; Londhe, S.; Louhaichi, Mounir; Louman, Bastian; Lourme-Ruiz, A.; Magaju, C.; Magda, D.; Makanwar, P.; Malézieux, E.; Malou, O.P.; Mambrini-Doudet, M.; Manners, Rhys; Maron, P.A.; Marques, H.; Marquier, M.; Martin, G.; Martin, P.; Martin, T.; Martin Prével, Y.; Masse, D.; Masso, C.; Mathé, S.; McCartney, M.; McKhann, H.; McMullin, S.; Mekuria, W.; Meldrum, Gennifer; Menta, C.; Méral, P.; Metay, A.; Meybeck, A.; Meynard, J.-M.; Mia, J.; Miccolis, Andrew; Mishra, S.P.; Mockshell, Jonathan Yaw; Molia, S.; Mollee, E.; Monterroso, I.; Moombe, K.; Mortillaro, J.M.; Mougel, F.; Mougenot, I.; Mouléry, M.; Muchugi, A.; Mukuralinda, Athanase; Mulani, A.; Muller, B.; Mulumba, John W.; Muthuri, Catherine W.; Mutuo, P.; Nabahungu, L.; Najjar, Dina; Nangia, V.; Nankya, R.; Napoléone, C.; Naudin, K.; Navarrete, M.; Nelson, K.M.; Neyra, M.; Ngethe, E.; Nguyen, H.T.T.; Nguyen, T.T.; Nigir Hailemariam, B.; Nordey, T.; Novak, S.; Nurhsien, J.; Nziguheba, G.; Obonyo, J.; Ochoa, J.; Odjo, S.; Omondi, Bonaventure Aman Oduor; Otieno, Gloria Atieno; Otieno, M.; Ouin, A.; Paez Valencia, Ana Maria; Paillat, J.-M.; Pailleux, J.-Y.; Pè, M.E.; Peng, H.; Penot, E.; Petit-Michaut, S.; Peyre, M.; Piraux, M.; Plassard, C.; Pratyusha, S.; Prin, Y.; Prudent, M.; Pypers, P.; Quintero, Marcela; Raharison, T.; Rakotoniamonjy, T.H.; Rakotovao, N.; Rala, A.; Ramarofidy, M.A.; Ramos, H.; Rana, Jai Chand; Paut, R.; Rapidel, B.; Ratnadass, A.; Raynal, H.; Razafimbelo, T.; Rebaudo, F.; Reboud, X.; Rekik, M.; Remans, Roseline; Resque, G.; Ribeyre, F.; Richard, G.; Rieux, A.; Risede, J.M.; Rizvi, J.; Robligio, V.; Rodenburg, J.; Roger, F.; Romero Sánchez, Miguel Antonio; Ruiz, L.; Rusinamhodzi, Leonard; Sabatier, R.; Sabourin, E.; Saj, S.; Salgado, P.; Sanchez-Garcia, M.; Sander, B.O.; Sanjaya, M.; Sanz-Sanz, E.; Sarter, S.; Sawsan, H.; Schoneveld, George C.; Scopel, E.; Seghieri, J.; Sekhar, M.; Shanker, C.; Sheeren, D.; Sib, O.; Silvie, P.; Simons, A.; Sinclair, Fergus L.; Sirami, C.; Snapp, Sieglinde S.; Solano, P.; Sourisseau, J.-M.; Sousa, L.; Srinivas, V.; Stadlmayr, B.; Staver, Charles; Steel, E.A.; Stoian, D.; Strohmeier, S.; Suarez Capello, C.; Sudhanshu Singh, S.; Sultan, B.; Swaminathan, M.; Sylla, A.; Tabo, Ramadjita; Tamò, M.; Tardieu, François; Taulya, Godfrey; Tchamitchian, M.; Temani, F.; Borelli, Teresa; Termote, Céline; Tesfahun Kassie, G.; Thanh Nghi, N.; Thein, A.; Thenail, C.; Thiam, A.; Thibord, J.-B.; Thomas, Evert; Thomas, M.; Thoumazeau, A.; Thuita, M.; Tilahun Melaku, M.; Tiwari, T.P.; Toillier, A.; Traore, S.; Trap, J.; Trines, E.; Trouche, G.; Valdivia, R.; Vall, E.; Werf, H. van der; Deynze, A. van; Van Do, H.; Van Hieu, N.; Van Nguyen, H.; Van Nguyen, T.; Rooyen, Andre F. van; Vanhuffel, L.; Vanlauwe, Bernard; Verger, Eric O.; Verhulst, N.; Vernooy, Ronnie; Vialatte, A.; Viaud, V.; Vincent, B.; Vinceti, Barbara; Brocke, Kirsten vom; Wang, Y.; Wardell, D.A.; Waris, Zaidi N.; Wassenaar, T.; Wery, Jacques; Whitbread, Anthony M.; Winkel, T.; Winowiecki, Leigh Ann; Wollenberg, Eva Karoline; Yadav, S.; Yana-Shapiro, H.; Yila, Jummai Othniel; Yitayih, Mulugeta; Zhong, S.
This 26th dossier d’Agropolis is devoted to research and partnerships in agroecology. The French Commission for International Agricultural Research (CRAI) and Agropolis International, on behalf of CIRAD, INRAE and IRD and in partnership with CGIAR, has produced this new issue in the ‘Les dossiers d’Agropolis international’ series devoted to agroecology. This publication has been produced within the framework of the Action Plan signed by CGIAR and the French government on February 4th 2021 to strengthen French collaboration with CGIAR, where agroecology is highlighted as one of the three key priorities (alongside climate change, nutrition and food systems).
CGIAR Research Program on Wheat Annual report 2020
(Annual Report, 2021-08) CGIAR Research Program on Wheat
One CGIAR and the Integrated Agri-food Systems Initiative: From short-termism to transformation of the world’s food systems
(Journal Article, 2021-06-04) Govaerts, Bram; Negra, Christine; Camacho Villa, Tania Carolina; Chavez Suarez, Xiomara; Espinosa, Anabell Diaz; Fonteyne, Simon; Gardeazábal Monsalve, Andrea; González, Gabriela; Gopal Singh, Ravi; Kommerell, Víctor; Kropff, Wietske; López Saavedra, Víctor; Mena Lopez, Georgina; Odjo, Sylvanus; Palacios Rojas, Natalia; Ramírez Villegas, Julián Armando; Vega, Daniela; Loon, Jelle J. van; Verhulst, Nele; Woltering, Lennart; Jahn, Molly M.; Kropff, Martin
Agri-food systems are besieged by malnutrition, yield gaps, and climate vulnerability, but integrated, research-based responses in public policy, agricultural, value chains, and finance are constrained by short-termism and zero sum thinking. As they respond to current and emerging agri-food system challenges, decision makers need new tools that steer toward multi-sector, evidence-based collaboration. To support national agri-food system policy processes, the Integrated Agri-food System Initiative (IASI) methodology was devel oped and validated through case studies in Mexico and Colombia. This holistic, multi-sector methodology builds on diverse existing data resources and leverages situation analysis, modeled predictions, and scenarios to synchronize public and private action at the national level toward sustainable, equitable, and inclusive agri-food systems. Culminating in collec tively agreed strategies and multi-partner tactical plans, the IASI methodology enabled a multi-level systems approach by mobilizing design thinking to foster mindset shifts and stakeholder consensus on sustainable and scalable innovations that respond to real-time dynamics in complex agri-food systems. To build capacity for these types of integrated, con text-specific approaches, greater investment is needed in supportive international institu tions that function as trusted in-region ‘innovation brokers.’ This paper calls for a structured global network to advance adaptation and evolution of essential tools like the IASI methodol ogy in support of the One CGIAR mandate and in service of positive agri-food systems transformation.
More people, more trees: A reversal of deforestation trends in Southern Ethiopia
(Journal Article, 2021-02-15) Duriaux‐Chavarría, J.-Y.; Baudron, Frédéric; Gergel, Sarah E.; Yang, K.F.; Eddy, I.M.S.; Sunderland, T.C.H.
Despite global commitments to forest restoration, evidence of the pathways through which restoration creates social and ecological benefits remains limited. The objective of this paper is to provide empirical evidence to generate insights on the relationship between forest cover change and key provisioning ecosystem services and reforestation pathways. In Southern Ethiopia, three zones along a gradient of decreasing land cover complexity and tree cover were examined. The land cover change was assessed using satellite remote sensing and complemented ground‐based tree inventory. Perceptions of land cover and ecosystem services change and farmer responses were evaluated through three Participatory Rural Appraisals and eight Focus Group Discussions. Since the 1970s, a landscape shift from a forest‐grassland to a cropland mosaic was associated with increased food production, improved food security, and higher incomes. However, this shift also coincided with reductions in livestock, construction materials, fuelwood and water availability, prompting reforestation efforts designed to recover some of these lost ecosystem services. In particular, some households established Eucalyptus woodlots and encouraged natural regeneration. Natural trees, Eucalyptus woodlots, Ensete plantations (a type of plantain), and grasslands were positively associated with homestead proximity; thus, homestead establishment resulting from population increase in this predominately agricultural landscape appeared to foster a viable forest restoration pathway—that is, 'more people, more trees'. This is a reforestation pathway not previously described in the literature. A return to a more diverse agricultural landscape mosaic provided more secure and diversified income sources along with better provisioning of construction materials, fuelwood, and higher livestock numbers.
CGIAR Research Program on Wheat - Plan of Work and Budget 2021
(Internal Document, 2021-04-07) CGIAR Research Program on Wheat
WHEAT is an Agri-food System CGIAR Research Program launched in 2012 and led by the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT). Joining advanced science with field-level research and extension in lower- and middle-income countries, WHEAT works to raise the productivity, production and affordable availability of wheat for 2.5 billion resource-poor consumers who depend on the crop as a staple food. R4D is carried out by a community of more than 200 public and private organizations worldwide; among them national governments, companies, international centers, regional and local agencies and farmers. WHEAT management includes experts from the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), the British Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) and the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR).
Model Comparison and Quantification of Nitrous Oxide Emission and Mitigation Potential from Maize and Wheat Fields at a Global Scale
(Journal Article, 2021-08) Tesfaye, Kindie; Takele, Robel; Sapkota, Tek Bahadur; Khatri-Chhetri, Arun; Solomon, Dawit; Stirling, Clare; Albanito, Fabrizio
Maize and wheat are major cereals that contribute two-thirds of the food energy intake globally. The two crops consume about 35% of the nitrogen (N) fertilizer used in agriculture and thereby contribute to fertilizer-induced nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Thus, estimation of spatially disaggregated N2O emissions from maize and wheat fields on a global scale could be useful for identifying emission and mitigation hotspots. It could also be needed for prioritizing mitigation options consistent with location-specific production and environmental goals. N2O emission from four models (CCAFS-MOT, IPCC Tier-I, IPCC Tier-II and Tropical N2O) using a standard gridded dataset from global maize and wheat fields were compared and their performance evaluated using measured N2O emission data points (777 globally distributed datapoints). The models were used to quantify spatially disaggregated N2O emission and mitigation potential from maize and wheat fields globally and the values were compared. Although the models differed in their performance of capturing the level of measured N2O emissions, they produced similar spatial patterns of annual N2O emissions from maize and wheat fields. Irrespective of the models, predicted N2O emissions per hectare were higher in some countries in East and South Asia, North America, and Western Europe, driven mainly by higher N application rates. The study indicated a substantial N2O abatement potential if application of excess N in the maize and wheat systems is reduced without compromising the yield of the crops through technological and crop management innovations. N2O mitigation potential is higher in those countries and regions where N application rates and current N2O emissions are already high. The estimated mitigation potentials are useful for hotspot countries to target fertilizer and crop management as one of the mitigation options in their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
Retaining forests within agricultural landscapes as a pathway to sustainable intensification: Evidence from Southern Ethiopia
(Journal Article, 2018-08) Duriaux Chavarria, J-Y.; Baudron, Frédéric; Sunderland, T.C.H.
Agriculturally productive yet biodiverse: human benefits and conservation values along a forest-agriculture gradient in Southern Ethiopia
(Journal Article, 2019-02) Baudron, Frédéric; Schultner, J.; Duriaux, J-Y.; Gergel, Sarah E.; Sunderland, T.C.H.
Testing the Various Pathways Linking Forest Cover to Dietary Diversity in Tropical Landscapes
(Journal Article, 2019-11-08) Baudron, Frédéric; Tomscha, S.A.; Powell, B.; Groot, Jeroen C.J.; Gergel, Sarah E.; Sunderland, T.C.H.
A diverse diet is important to address micronutrient deficiencies and other forms of malnutrition, one of the greatest challenges of today’s food systems. In tropical countries, several studies have found a positive association between forest cover and dietary diversity, although the actual mechanisms of this has yet to be identified and quantified. Three complementary pathways may link forests to diets: a direct pathway (e.g., consumption of forest food), an income pathway (income from forest products used to purchase food from markets), and an agroecological pathway (forests and trees sustaining farm production). We used piece-wise structural equation modelling to test and quantify the relative contribution of these three pathways for households in seven tropical landscapes in Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Nicaragua and Zambia. We used survey data from 1,783 households and determined forest cover within a 2 km radius of each household. The quality of household diets was assessed through four indicators: household dietary diversity and consumption of fruits, vegetables and meat, based on a 24-hour recall. We found evidence of a direct pathway in four landscapes (Bangladesh, Cameroon, Ethiopia, and Zambia), an income pathway in none of the landscapes considered, and an agroecological pathway in three landscapes (Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Indonesia). We also found evidence of improved crop and livestock production with greater forest cover in five landscapes (Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ethiopia, and Indonesia). Conversely, we found negative associations between forest cover and crop and livestock production in three landscapes (Cameroon, Indonesia, and Zambia). In addition, we found evidence of forest cover being negatively related to at least one indicator of diet quality in three landscapes (Indonesia, Nicaragua and Zambia), and to integration to the cash economy in three landscapes (Cameroon, Ethiopia, Nicaragua). This is one of the first studies to quantify the different mechanisms linking forest cover and diet. Our work illuminates the fact that these mechanisms can vary significantly from one site to another, calling for site-specific interventions. Our results also suggest the positive contributions of forests to rural livelihoods cannot be generalized and should not be idealized.
Crop nutrient management using Nutrient Expert improves yield, increases farmers’ income and reduces greenhouse gas emissions
(Journal Article, 2021-01-15) Sapkota, Tek Bahadur; Jat, Mangi Lal; Rana, Dharamvir Singh; Khatri-Chhetri, Arun; Jat, Hanuman Sahay; Bijarniya, Deepak; Sutaliya, Jhabar M; Kumar, Manish; Singh, Love Kumar; Jat, Raj K.; Kalvaniya, Kailash C.; Prasad, Gokul; Sidhu, Harminder S.; Rai, Munmun; Satyanarayana, T; Majumdar, Kaushik
Reduction of excess nutrient application and balanced fertilizer use are the key mitigation options in agriculture. We evaluated Nutrient Expert (NE) tool-based site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) in rice and wheat crops by establishing 1594 side-by-side comparison trials with farmers’ fertilization practices (FFP) across the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) of India. We found that NE-based fertilizer management can lower global warming potential (GWP) by about 2.5% in rice, and between 12 and 20% in wheat over FFP. More than 80% of the participating farmers increased their crop yield and farm income by applying the NE-based fertilizer recommendation. We also observed that increased crop yield and reduced fertilizer consumption and associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by using NE was significantly influenced by the crop type, agro-ecology, soil properties and farmers’ current level of fertilization. Adoption of NE-based fertilizer recommendation practice in all rice and wheat acreage in India would translate into 13.92 million tonnes (Mt) more rice and wheat production with 1.44 Mt less N fertilizer use, and a reduction in GHG of 5.34 Mt CO2e per year over farmers’ current practice. Our study establishes the utility of NE to help implement SSNM in smallholder production systems for increasing crop yields and farmers’ income while reducing GHG emissions.
Are farmers willing to pay for climate related traits of wheat? Evidence from rural parts of Ethiopia
(Journal Article, 2020-11) Teferi, Ermias Tesfaye; Kassie, Girma T.; Pe, Mario Enrico; Fadda, Carlo
Rural transformation and the future of cereal based agri-food systems
(Journal Article, 2020-09) Kruseman, Gideon K.; Mottaleb, K.A.; Tesfaye, K.; Bairagi, S.; Robertson, R.; Mandiaye, D.; Frija, A.; Gbegbelegbe, Sika; Alene, A.; Prager, Steven D.
Rural transformation is an inevitable and fundamental process of development. However, the speed and dimensions of rural transformation can affect investments in major staples such as maize, wheat and rice, which continue to play an important role in agri-food systems around the globe. This paper investigates the impacts of rural transformation on the future of cereal-based agri-food systems which are not directly addressed in global agricultural assessment models such as IMPACT. In this study, we present several key cases of major cereal systems undergoing different changes as a result of rural transformation processes across the major cereal baskets. We place these case studies in the perspective of IMPACT model scenario study results. Our study shows that the rural transformations that are taking place in different regions are heterogeneous with different impacts on the investment requirements for research and development (R&D) in the major cereals. It is concluded that although results of global agricultural assessment models such as IMPACT show initial large-scale effects on food system interactions, an iterative approach with more focused analyses on the complexities of rural transformation is needed to fine-tune results and place them in perspective.
CRP 2020 Reviews: WHEAT
(Evaluation Report, 2020-07-03) Sadras, V.; Podems, D.
In 2020 the CGIAR CAS Secretariat is conducting independent reviews of the 12 CGIAR Research Programs (CRPs), including this one of WHEAT. The reviews will provide information on quality of science and effectiveness in each CRP. This review covers the Phase II years of 2017 through 2019, with a view to identifying lessons for future research modalities.
CGIAR Research Program on Wheat 2019 Annual report
(Annual Report, 2020-07) CGIAR Research Program on Wheat
CGIAR modeling approaches for resource-constrained scenarios: I. Accelerating crop breeding for a changing climate
(Journal Article, 2020-03-04) Ramírez Villegas, Julián Armando; Molero Milan, Anabel; Alexandrov, Nickolai; Asseng, Senthold; Challinor, Andrew J.; Crossa, José; Eeuwijk, Fred A. van; Ghanem, Michel Edmond; Grenier, Cécile; Heinemann, Alexandre B.; Wang, Jiankang; Juliana, Philomin; Kehel, Zakaria; Kholová, Jana; Koo, Jawoo; Pequeno, Diego Notelo Luz; Quiróz, Roberto; Rebolledo, Maria C.; Sukumaran, Sivakumar; Vadez, Vincent; White, Jeffrey W.; Reynolds, Matthew P.
Crop improvement efforts aiming at increasing crop production (quantity, quality) and adapting to climate change have been subject of active research over the past years. But, the question remains ‘to what extent can breeding gains be achieved under a changing climate, at a pace sufficient to usefully contribute to climate adaptation, mitigation and food security?’. Here, we address this question by critically reviewing how model-based approaches can be used to assist breeding activities, with particular focus on all CGIAR (formerly the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research but now known simply as CGIAR) breeding programs. Crop modeling can underpin breeding efforts in many different ways, including assessing genotypic adaptability and stability, characterizing and identifying target breeding environments, identifying tradeoffs among traits for such environments, and making predictions of the likely breeding value of the genotypes. Crop modeling science within the CGIAR has contributed to all of these. However, much progress remains to be done if modeling is to effectively contribute to more targeted and impactful breeding programs under changing climates. In a period in which CGIAR breeding programs are undergoing a major modernization process, crop modelers will need to be part of crop improvement teams, with a common understanding of breeding pipelines and model capabilities and limitations, and common data standards and protocols, to ensure they follow and deliver according to clearly defined breeding products. This will, in turn, enable more rapid and better-targeted crop modeling activities, thus directly contributing to accelerated and more impactful breeding efforts.
CGIAR modeling approaches for resource-constrained scenarios: II. Models for analyzing socioeconomic factors to improve policy recommendations
(Journal Article, 2020-05-01) Kruseman, Gideon K.; Bairagi, Subir; Komarek, Adam M.; Molero Milan, Anabel; Nedumaran, Swamikannu; Petsakos, Athanasios; Prager, Steven D.; Yigezu, Yigezu Atnafe
International crop-related research as conducted by the CGIAR uses crop modeling for a variety of purposes. By linking crop models with economic models and approaches, crop model outputs can be effectively used as inputs into socioeconomic modeling efforts for priority setting and policy advice using ex-ante impact assessment of technologies and scenario analysis. This requires interdisciplinary collaboration and very often collaboration across a variety of research organizations. This study highlights the key topics, purposes, and approaches of socioeconomic analysis within the CGIAR related to cropping systems. Although each CGIAR center has a different mission, all CGIAR centers share a common strategy of striving toward a world free of hunger, poverty, and environmental degradation. This means research is mostly focused toward resource-constrained smallholder farmers. The review covers global modeling efforts using the IMPACT model to farm household bio-economic models for assessing the potential impact of new technologies on farming systems and livelihoods. Although the CGIAR addresses all aspects of food systems, the focus of this review is on crop commodities and the economic analysis linked to crop-growth model results. This study, while not a comprehensive review, provides insights into the richness of the socioeconomic modeling endeavors within the CGIAR. The study highlights the need for interdisciplinary approaches to address the challenges this type of modeling faces.

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