Volunteer based approach to dog vaccination campaigns to eliminate human rabies: Lessons from Laikipia County, Kenya

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and developing country instituteen
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and advanced research instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationSmithsonian Conservation Biology Instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Edinburghen
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Livestock Research Instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationKaratina Universityen
cg.contributor.affiliationMaasai Mara Universityen
cg.contributor.affiliationKenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organizationen
cg.contributor.affiliationMinistry of Health, Kenyaen
cg.contributor.affiliationMinistry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Irrigation, Kenyaen
cg.contributor.affiliationWashington State Universityen
cg.contributor.affiliationZoological Society of Londonen
cg.contributor.affiliationCounty Government of Laikipiaen
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Liverpoolen
cg.contributor.affiliationMpala Research Centreen
cg.contributor.affiliationPrinceton Universityen
cg.contributor.crpAgriculture for Nutrition and Health
cg.contributor.donorNational Science Foundation, United Statesen
cg.contributor.donorSmithsonian Institutionen
cg.contributor.donorNational Geographic Societyen
cg.contributor.donorRufford Foundationen
cg.contributor.donorWellcome Trusten
cg.contributor.donorMedical Research Council, United Kingdomen
cg.contributor.donorBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, United Kingdomen
cg.contributor.donorEconomic and Social Research Council, United Kingdomen
cg.contributor.donorNatural Environment Research Council, United Kingdomen
cg.contributor.donorMpala Wildlife Foundationen
cg.contributor.donorLaikipia Ranches and Conservation Community and Conservanciesen
cg.contributor.donorVeterinarians Internationalen
cg.coverage.countryKenya
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2KE
cg.coverage.regionAfrica
cg.coverage.regionEastern Africa
cg.creator.identifierDishon Muloi: 0000-0002-6236-2280en
cg.creator.identifierEric M. Fèvre: 0000-0001-8931-4986en
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008260en
cg.isijournalISI Journalen
cg.issn1935-2735en
cg.issue7en
cg.journalPLOS Neglected Tropical Diseasesen
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen
cg.subject.ilriDISEASE CONTROLen
cg.subject.ilriVACCINESen
cg.subject.ilriZOONOTIC DISEASESen
cg.volume14en
dc.contributor.authorFerguson, A.W.en
dc.contributor.authorMuloi, Dishon M.en
dc.contributor.authorNgatia, D.K.en
dc.contributor.authorKiongo, W.en
dc.contributor.authorKimuyu, D.M.en
dc.contributor.authorWebala, P.W.en
dc.contributor.authorOlum, M.O.en
dc.contributor.authorMuturi, M.en
dc.contributor.authorThumbi, Samuel M.en
dc.contributor.authorWoodroffe, R.en
dc.contributor.authorMurugi, L.en
dc.contributor.authorFèvre, Eric M.en
dc.contributor.authorMurray, S.en
dc.contributor.authorMartins, D.J.en
dc.date.accessioned2020-07-05T06:51:29Zen
dc.date.available2020-07-05T06:51:29Zen
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/108692
dc.titleVolunteer based approach to dog vaccination campaigns to eliminate human rabies: Lessons from Laikipia County, Kenyaen
dcterms.abstractBackground An estimated 59,000 people die from rabies annually, with 99% of those deaths attributable to bites from domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris). This preventable Neglected Tropical Disease has a large impact across continental Africa, especially for rural populations living in close contact with livestock and wildlife. Mass vaccinations of domestic dogs are effective at eliminating rabies but require large amounts of resources, planning, and political will to implement. Grassroots campaigns provide an alternative method to successful implementation of rabies control but remain understudied in their effectiveness to eliminate the disease from larger regions. Methodology/Principal Findings We report on the development, implementation, and effectiveness of a grassroots mass dog rabies vaccination campaign in Kenya, the Laikipia Rabies Vaccination Campaign. During 2015–2017, a total of 13,155 domestic dogs were vaccinated against rabies in 17 communities covering approximately 1500 km2. Based on an estimated population size of 34,275 domestic dogs, percent coverages increased across years, from 2% in 2015 to 24% in 2017, with only 3 of 38 community-years of vaccination exceeding the 70% target. The average cost of vaccinating an animal was $3.44 USD with in-kind contributions and $7.44 USD without in-kind contributions. Conclusions/Significance The evolution of the Laikipia Rabies Vaccination Campaign from a localized volunteer-effort to a large-scale program attempting to eliminate rabies at the landscape scale provides a unique opportunity to examine successes, failures, and challenges facing grassroots campaigns. Success, in the form of vaccinating more dogs across the study area, was relatively straightforward to achieve. However, lack of effective post-vaccination monitoring and education programs, limited funding, and working in diverse community types appeared to hinder achievement of 70% coverage levels. These results indicate that grassroots campaigns will inevitably be faced with a philosophical question regarding the value of local impacts versus their contributions to a larger effort to eliminate rabies at the regional, country, or global scale.en
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Access
dcterms.audienceScientistsen
dcterms.available2020-07-02en
dcterms.bibliographicCitationFerguson, A.W., Muloi, D., Ngatia, D.K., Kiongo, W., Kimuyu, D.M., Webala, P.W., Olum, M.O., Muturi, M., Thumbi, S.M., Woodroffe, R., Murugi, L., Fèvre, E.M., Murray, S. and Martins, D.J. 2020. Volunteer based approach to dog vaccination campaigns to eliminate human rabies: Lessons from Laikipia County, Kenya. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 14(7): e0008260.en
dcterms.issued2020-07-02en
dcterms.languageen
dcterms.licenseCC0-1.0
dcterms.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen
dcterms.subjectvaccinesen
dcterms.subjectzoonosesen
dcterms.subjectdisease controlen
dcterms.subjectrabiesen
dcterms.subjectinfectious diseasesen
dcterms.typeJournal Article

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