Estimates of the economic cost caused by five major reproductive problems in dairy animals in Assam and Bihar, India

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and developing country instituteen_US
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and advanced research instituteen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationSwedish University of Agricultural Sciencesen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Livestock Research Instituteen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Greenwichen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationIndian Council of Agricultural Researchen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationUppsala Universityen_US
cg.contributor.crpAgriculture for Nutrition and Healthen_US
cg.contributor.crpLivestocken_US
cg.contributor.donorIndian Council of Agricultural Researchen_US
cg.coverage.countryIndiaen_US
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2INen_US
cg.coverage.regionAsiaen_US
cg.coverage.regionSouthern Asiaen_US
cg.creator.identifierRam Pratim Deka: 0000-0002-8120-224Xen_US
cg.creator.identifierDelia Grace: 0000-0002-0195-9489en_US
cg.creator.identifierUlf Magnusson: 0000-0002-7087-6820en_US
cg.creator.identifierThomas Fitz Randolph: 0000-0003-1849-9877en_US
cg.creator.identifierJohanna Lindahl: 0000-0002-1175-0398en_US
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden_US
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/ani11113116en_US
cg.isijournalISI Journalen_US
cg.issn1751-7311en_US
cg.issue11en_US
cg.journalAnimalsen_US
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen_US
cg.subject.ilriDAIRYINGen_US
cg.subject.ilriREPRODUCTIONen_US
cg.subject.impactAreaNutrition, health and food securityen_US
cg.subject.sdgSDG 2 - Zero hungeren_US
cg.volume11en_US
dc.contributor.authorDeka, Ram Pratimen_US
dc.contributor.authorMagnusson, Ulfen_US
dc.contributor.authorGrace, Deliaen_US
dc.contributor.authorRandolph, Thomas F.en_US
dc.contributor.authorShome, R.en_US
dc.contributor.authorLindahl, Johanna F.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2021-11-05T08:22:42Zen_US
dc.date.available2021-11-05T08:22:42Zen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/115837en_US
dc.titleEstimates of the economic cost caused by five major reproductive problems in dairy animals in Assam and Bihar, Indiaen_US
dcterms.abstractReproductive problems in dairy animals reduce fertility, prevent conception, create problems in the delivery of healthy calves, lead to postpartum complications, increase inter-calving periods, reduce milk yield, and lower overall lifetime productivity. This study aimed at understanding the incidence of reproductive problems and the cost caused by these. The study covered 954 dairy animals in Bihar and 1348 dairy animals in Assam that were selected using a multi-stage random sampling method. The costs were calculated as the sum of income losses and expenditures incurred. The major cost incurred resulted from extended calving intervals (46.1% of the total cost), followed by loss through salvage selling (38.1%), expenditure for treatment of repeat breeders (5.9%), loss of milk production (5.3%) and expenditure for extra inseminations (2.0%). About one fifth of the selected reproductive problems were left untreated. The estimated cost of reproductive problems was Indian Rupees (INR) 2424.9 (USD 36.1) per dairy animal per year (of the total dairy animal population) which represented approximately 4.1% of the mean value loss of dairy animals (INR 58,966/USD 877) per year. Reproductive problems were significantly (p < 0.001) higher among improved (exotic breed or cross-bred) dairy animals than indigenous (native breed or nondescript indigenous) dairy animals. The study suggests that with the increase of improved dairy animal population, the loss may further increase. The study concludes that any economic estimation of reproduction problems based on aetiology without confirmatory diagnoses could be highly misleading because of the complex nature of the problems.en_US
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Accessen_US
dcterms.audienceScientistsen_US
dcterms.available2021-10-30en_US
dcterms.bibliographicCitationDeka, R.P., Magnusson, U., Grace, D., Randolph, T.F., Shome, R. and Lindahl, J.F. 2021. Estimates of the economic cost caused by five major reproductive problems in dairy animals in Assam and Bihar, India. Animals 11(11): 3116.en_US
dcterms.extent3116en_US
dcterms.issued2021-10-30en_US
dcterms.languageenen_US
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0en_US
dcterms.publisherMDPIen_US
dcterms.subjectdairyingen_US
dcterms.subjecteconomicsen_US
dcterms.subjectreproductionen_US
dcterms.typeJournal Articleen_US

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