Farm-based measures for reducing human and environmental health risks from chemical constituents in wastewater

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cg.creator.identifierDrechsel, Pay: 0000-0002-2592-8812
dc.contributor.authorSimmons, Robert W.en
dc.contributor.authorQadir, Manzooren
dc.contributor.authorDrechsel, Payen
dc.date.accessioned2014-06-12T14:36:44Zen
dc.date.available2014-06-12T14:36:44Zen
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/36814
dc.titleFarm-based measures for reducing human and environmental health risks from chemical constituents in wastewateren
dcterms.abstractThere is a significant imbalance between the number of publications describing potential and actual environmental and health impacts from chemically contaminated wastewater, and reports outlining concrete options to minimize the related risks where conventional wastewater treatment is not available. This gap applies more to inorganic and organic contaminants than excess salts or nutrients. This chapter outlines some of the options available that could be considered in and around the farm, looking at heavy metals, salts, excess nutrients and organic contaminants. The emphasis is placed on low-cost options applicable in developing countries. While such measures can reduce negative impacts to a certain extent, it remains crucial to ensure that hazardous chemicals are replaced in production processes; industrial wastewater is treated at source and/or separated from other wastewater streams used for irrigation purposes; and fertilizer application rates and related possible subsidies adjusted to avoid over- fertilization.en
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Access
dcterms.bibliographicCitationSimmons, R.; Qadir, Manzoor; Drechsel, Pay. 2010. Farm-based measures for reducing human and environmental health risks from chemical constituents in wastewater. In Drechsel, Pay; Scott, C. A.; Raschid-Sally, Liqa; Redwood, M.; Bahri, Akissa (Eds.). Wastewater irrigation and health: assessing and mitigating risk in low-income countries. London, UK: Earthscan; Ottawa, Canada: International Development Research Centre (IDRC); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.209-238. (Also in French).en
dcterms.descriptionIn Drechsel, Pay; Scott, C. A.; Raschid-Sally, Liqa; Redwood, M.; Bahri, Akissa (Eds.). Wastewater irrigation and health: assessing and mitigating risk in low-income countries. London, UK: Earthscan; Ottawa, Canada: International Development Research Centre (IDRC); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI).en
dcterms.extentp. 209-238en
dcterms.issued2010
dcterms.languageen
dcterms.subjectwastewater irrigationen
dcterms.subjectpollutantsen
dcterms.subjectmetalsen
dcterms.subjectsemimetalsen
dcterms.subjectsoil amendmentsen
dcterms.subjectbioremediationen
dcterms.subjectnutrientsen
dcterms.subjectarsenicen
dcterms.subjectsalinityen
dcterms.subjectirrigation methodsen
dcterms.typeBook Chapter

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