Perceived drivers of the Ebola virus disease outbreak in Mubende and Kassanda districts, Uganda: a qualitative study

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and developing country instituteen_US
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and advanced research instituteen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationMakerere Universityen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Liverpoolen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Livestock Research Instituteen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationThe Arctic University of Norwayen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationConservation and Ecosystem Health Alliance, Ugandaen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of South-Eastern Norwayen_US
cg.contributor.donorNorwegian Agency for Development Cooperationen_US
cg.coverage.countryUgandaen_US
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2UGen_US
cg.coverage.regionAfricaen_US
cg.coverage.regionEastern Africaen_US
cg.creator.identifierSiobhan Mor: 0000-0003-0121-2016en_US
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden_US
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1136/bmjph-2024-001267en_US
cg.issn2753-4294en_US
cg.issue2en_US
cg.journalBMJ Public Healthen_US
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen_US
cg.subject.ilriEPIDEMIOLOGYen_US
cg.subject.ilriHUMAN HEALTHen_US
cg.subject.impactAreaNutrition, health and food securityen_US
cg.subject.sdgSDG 3 - Good health and well-beingen_US
cg.volume2en_US
dc.contributor.authorNinsiima, L.R.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMor, Siobhan M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorRomano, J.S.en_US
dc.contributor.authorNamakula, L.N.en_US
dc.contributor.authorKankya, C.en_US
dc.contributor.authorKungu, J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMugisha, L.en_US
dc.contributor.authorKlein, J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorNyakarahuka, L.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2025-03-04T04:44:24Zen_US
dc.date.available2025-03-04T04:44:24Zen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/173479en_US
dc.titlePerceived drivers of the Ebola virus disease outbreak in Mubende and Kassanda districts, Uganda: a qualitative studyen_US
dcterms.abstractIntroduction: During the most recent Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in Uganda, a cluster of community deaths with epidemiological linkages to the first reported case were identified to have occurred in Mubende, Kassanda and Kampala districts in September 2022. This study aimed to explore perceived drivers of EVD outbreak among affected communities in Mubende and Kassanda districts, Uganda. Methods: We conducted a descriptive qualitative and participatory epidemiology study using focus group discussions (n=4), in-depth interviews (n=12), key informant interviews (n=12) and participatory landscape mapping. The subcounties of Madudu (Mubende district) and Kikandwa (Kassanda district) were purposively selected within each district because Ebola cases were known to have occurred within these areas. The community expressed their own understanding and perceptions of the drivers of Ebola virus outbreak within these subcounties. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic content analysis in Nvivo V.12 software. Data were analysed using both inductive and deductive approaches, where codes, subthemes and themes in the data were merged with global themes. The results were interpreted in the context of the broader literature on the topic using the social-ecological model and the epidemiological triad using the specific experiences and insights of the study participants. Participant responses were categorised in terms of their themes. Results: A total of five themes were identified which described the perceived drivers of Ebola virus outbreaks. These included (1) individual: knowledge about EVD (source of the disease and fear due to death of some suspected cases); (2) interpersonal: perceived sources of Ebola virus spillover (ecological, anthropogenic, environmental and cultural); (3) community: impact of EVD to the community (economic loss and survivors lack of support from the government); (4) organisational: health system challenges in outbreaks (delayed laboratory results, poor recording and reporting systems in the facilities and poor surveillance); and (5) policy: recommendations (use of One Health approach and continuous sensitisation). Conclusions: This study underscores the complex interplay of factors shaping the dynamics of EVD. Understanding Ebola requires not only scientific knowledge but also an appreciation of sociocultural contexts and systemic vulnerabilities within health systems. We therefore recommend comprehensive approaches which integrate scientific expertise with community participation, strengthen health systems and foster collaboration across sectors to mitigate the impact of future outbreaks to address these challenges effectively. Additionally, raising awareness, sensitising the public and safeguarding natural habitats are crucial steps to mitigate the risk of future disease outbreaks.en_US
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Accessen_US
dcterms.audienceAcademicsen_US
dcterms.audienceScientistsen_US
dcterms.available2024-12-10en_US
dcterms.bibliographicCitationNinsiima, L.R., Mor, S.M., Romano, J.S., Namakula, L.N., Kankya, C., Kungu, J., Mugisha, L., Klein, J. and Nyakarahuka, L. 2024. Perceived drivers of the Ebola virus disease outbreak in Mubende and Kassanda districts, Uganda: a qualitative study. BMJ Public Health 2(2): e001267.en_US
dcterms.extente001267en_US
dcterms.issued2024-12-10en_US
dcterms.languageenen_US
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-NC-4.0en_US
dcterms.publisherBMJ Publishing Groupen_US
dcterms.subjectebola virus diseaseen_US
dcterms.subjectepidemiologyen_US
dcterms.subjecthealthen_US
dcterms.typeJournal Articleen_US

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