Combined effects of pesticides and trematode infections on hourglass tree frog Polypedates cruciger

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cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Water Management Instituteen_US
cg.contributor.crpWater, Land and Ecosystemsen_US
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-016-1103-2en_US
cg.issn1612-9202en_US
cg.issn1612-9210en_US
cg.issue1en_US
cg.journalEcoHealthen_US
cg.volume13en_US
dc.contributor.authorJayawardena, U.A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorRohr, J.R.en_US
dc.contributor.authorNavaratne, A.N.en_US
dc.contributor.authorAmerasinghe, Priyanie H.en_US
dc.contributor.authorRajakaruna, R.S.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2017-08-30T05:52:41Zen_US
dc.date.available2017-08-30T05:52:41Zen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/83291en_US
dc.titleCombined effects of pesticides and trematode infections on hourglass tree frog Polypedates crucigeren_US
dcterms.abstractThe impact of widespread and common environmental factors, such as chemical contaminants, on infectious disease risk in amphibians is particularly important because both chemical contaminants and infectious disease have been implicated in worldwide amphibian declines. Here we report on the lone and combined effects of exposure to parasitic cercariae (larval stage) of the digenetic trematode, Acanthostomum burminis, and four commonly used pesticides (insecticides: chlorpyrifos, dimethoate; herbicides: glyphosate, propanil) at ecologically relevant concentrations on the survival, growth, and development of the common hourglass tree frog, Polypedates cruciger Blyth 1852. There was no evidence of any pesticide-induced mortality on cercariae because all the cercariae successfully penetrated each tadpole host regardless of pesticide treatment. In isolation, both cercarial and pesticide exposure significantly decreased frog survival, development, and growth, and increased developmental malformations, such as scoliosis, kyphosis, and also edema and skin ulcers. The combination of cercariae and pesticides generally posed greater risk to frogs than either factor alone by decreasing survival or growth or increasing time to metamorphosis or malformations. The exception was that lone exposure to chlorpyrifos had higher mortality without than with cercariae. Consistent with mathematical models that suggest that stress should increase the impact of generalist parasites, the weight of the evidence from the field and laboratory suggests that ecologically relevant concentrations of agrochemicals generally increase the threat that trematodes pose to amphibians, highlighting the importance of elucidating interactions between anthropogenic activities and infectious disease in taxa of conservation concern.en_US
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Accessen_US
dcterms.available2016-02-24en_US
dcterms.bibliographicCitationJayawardena, U. A.; Rohr, J. R.; Navaratne, A. N.; Amerasinghe, Priyanie H.; Rajakaruna, R. S. 2016. Combined effects of pesticides and trematode infections on hourglass tree frog Polypedates cruciger. Ecohealth, 13(1):111-22. doi: 10.1007/s10393-016-1103-2en_US
dcterms.extentp. 111-122en_US
dcterms.issued2016-03en_US
dcterms.languageenen_US
dcterms.licenseCopyrighted; all rights reserveden_US
dcterms.publisherSpringeren_US
dcterms.subjectpesticidesen_US
dcterms.subjecttrematode infectionsen_US
dcterms.subjectfrogsen_US
dcterms.subjectglyphosateen_US
dcterms.subjectchlorpyrifosen_US
dcterms.subjectdimethoateen_US
dcterms.subjectmalformationsen_US
dcterms.subjectpropanilen_US
dcterms.subjectenvironmental factorsen_US
dcterms.subjectchemical contaminationen_US
dcterms.subjectdisease preventionen_US
dcterms.subjectinfectious diseasesen_US
dcterms.subjectmathematical modelsen_US
dcterms.subjectecologyen_US
dcterms.typeJournal Articleen_US

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