Evolution of intimate partner violence impacts from cash transfers, food transfers, and behaviour change communication: Mixed-method experimental evidence from a nine-year post-programme follow-up in Bangladesh

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR single centreen
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and advanced research instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicineen
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Food Policy Research Instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationCornell Universityen
cg.contributor.donorForeign, Commonwealth and Development Office, United Kingdomen
cg.contributor.donorCGIAR Trust Funden
cg.contributor.initiativeGender Equalityen
cg.contributor.programAcceleratorGender Equality and Inclusionen
cg.coverage.countryBangladeshen
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2BDen
cg.coverage.regionAsiaen
cg.coverage.regionSouthern Asiaen
cg.creator.identifierMelissa Hidrobo: 0000-0003-2121-9522en
cg.creator.identifierAkhter Ahmed: 0000-0002-0112-502Xen
cg.creator.identifierJohn Hoddinott: 0000-0002-0590-3917en
cg.creator.identifierDeboleena Rakshit: 0009-0008-4674-5274en
cg.creator.identifierShalini Roy: 0000-0001-8053-1650en
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117901en
cg.identifier.projectIFPRI - Poverty, Gender, and Inclusion Uniten
cg.identifier.publicationRankAen
cg.isijournalISI Journalen
cg.issn1873-5347en
cg.journalSocial Science and Medicineen
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen
cg.subject.actionAreaSystems Transformationen
cg.subject.impactAreaGender equality, youth and social inclusionen
cg.subject.sdgSDG 5 - Gender equalityen
cg.volume371en
dc.contributor.authorLokot, Michelleen
dc.contributor.authorSultana, Nasrinen
dc.contributor.authorHidrobo, Melissaen
dc.contributor.authorAhmed, Akhteren
dc.contributor.authorHoddinott, John F.en
dc.contributor.authorRakshit, Deboleenaen
dc.contributor.authorRoy, Shalinien
dc.contributor.authorRanganathan, Meghnaen
dc.date.accessioned2025-03-17T15:47:28Zen
dc.date.available2025-03-17T15:47:28Zen
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/173652
dc.titleEvolution of intimate partner violence impacts from cash transfers, food transfers, and behaviour change communication: Mixed-method experimental evidence from a nine-year post-programme follow-up in Bangladeshen
dcterms.abstractCash or food transfers can reduce intimate partner violence (IPV), but knowledge gaps remain on how impacts evolve over time, and the role of complementary ‘plus’ activities and contextual factors. We conducted a mixed-method analysis of how the Transfer Modality Research Initiative in Bangladesh affected IPV over time. The programme was implemented from 2012 to 2014, following a randomised controlled trial (RCT) design, across Northern and Southern Bangladesh. Intervention arms included monthly cash or food transfers, with or without complementary nutrition behaviour change communication (BCC). We estimate post-programme impacts on IPV using quantitative data collected in 2014–2015, 2018, and 2022, and combine this with qualitative data collected in 2023 to explore how and why IPV impacts evolved over time and the role of contextual factors. In the North, combining cash with BCC led to sustained IPV reductions in each post-programme round, while cash alone reduced IPV in 2022 but not the previous two rounds; food transfers showed no post-programme impacts. In the South, combining food with BCC led to post-programme IPV reductions in 2014–2015; no intervention sustained IPV reductions thereafter. Sustained IPV reductions are primarily driven by improved household economic security and emotional well-being. Other pathways – family relationships (including in-laws’ roles), women's empowerment, and social and community support – contributed to changing couples' relationships during the programme but became less salient after the programme ended. Contextual factors, including demographic changes, climate-related changes, external projects and norms condoning IPV appear to influence the sustainability of impacts. Results suggest that ‘plus’ programming was key to sustaining IPV impacts soon after the interventions, but less so by nine years post-programme, as economic security increasingly drove impacts. More mixed method research is needed from the outset to unpack if and how pathways to IPV reduction can be sustained in different contexts over time.en
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Accessen
dcterms.audienceScientistsen
dcterms.available2025-03-11en
dcterms.bibliographicCitationLokot, Michelle; Sultana, Nasrin; Hidrobo, Melissa; Ahmed, Akhter; Hoddinott, John; Rakshit, Deboleena; Roy, Shalini; and Ranganathan, Meghna. 2025. Evolution of intimate partner violence impacts from cash transfers, food transfers, and behaviour change communication: Mixed-method experimental evidence from a nine-year post-programme follow-up in Bangladesh. Social Science and Medicine 371(April 2025): 117901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117901en
dcterms.issued2025-04en
dcterms.languageenen
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0en
dcterms.publisherElsevieren
dcterms.relationhttps://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.0720-11014R2en
dcterms.relationhttps://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/app.20230108en
dcterms.relationhttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/163107en
dcterms.subjectbehaviouren
dcterms.subjectcash transfersen
dcterms.subjectcommunicationen
dcterms.subjectdomestic violenceen
dcterms.subjectsocial protectionen
dcterms.typeJournal Articleen

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