Biophysical factors and agronomic practices associated with Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination of maize in multiple agroecosystems in Ethiopia

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cg.contributor.affiliationJimma Universityen
cg.contributor.affiliationEthiopian Institute of Agricultural Researchen
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Maize and Wheat Improvement Centeren
cg.contributor.affiliationHaramaya Universityen
cg.contributor.affiliationUnited States Department of Agricultureen
cg.contributor.donorBill & Melinda Gates Foundationen
cg.contributor.donorUnited States Agency for International Developmenten
cg.contributor.donorCGIAR Trust Funden
cg.contributor.initiativeAccelerated Breeding
cg.contributor.initiativeBreeding Resources
cg.contributor.initiativePlant Health
cg.coverage.countryEthiopia
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2ET
cg.coverage.regionEastern Africa
cg.creator.identifierTemesgen Deressa: 0000-0001-9976-9343
cg.creator.identifierGirma Adugna: 0000-0001-5749-7546
cg.creator.identifierSuresh,L.M.: 0000-0001-6438-6502
cg.creator.identifierJuan Burgueño: 0000-0002-1468-4867
cg.creator.identifierPrasanna Boddupalli: 0000-0002-5761-2273
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.21159en
cg.isijournalISI Journalen
cg.issn0011-183Xen
cg.issn1435-0653en
cg.issue2en
cg.journalCrop Scienceen
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen
cg.subject.actionAreaResilient Agrifood Systems
cg.subject.actionAreaGenetic Innovation
cg.subject.impactAreaClimate adaptation and mitigation
cg.subject.impactAreaEnvironmental health and biodiversity
cg.volume64en
dc.contributor.authorDeressa, Temesgenen
dc.contributor.authorGirma Adugnaen
dc.contributor.authorMahabaleswara, Suresh L.en
dc.contributor.authorZelalem Bekekoen
dc.contributor.authorOpoku, Josephen
dc.contributor.authorVaughan, Marthaen
dc.contributor.authorProctor, Robert H.en
dc.contributor.authorBusman, Marken
dc.contributor.authorBurgueño, Juanen
dc.contributor.authorPrasanna, Boddupalli M.en
dc.date.accessioned2024-01-17T21:58:08Zen
dc.date.available2024-01-17T21:58:08Zen
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/137925
dc.titleBiophysical factors and agronomic practices associated with Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination of maize in multiple agroecosystems in Ethiopiaen
dcterms.abstractIn Ethiopia, Fusarium ear rot (FER) reduces yield, quality, and safety of maize and negatively impacts the economics of maize growers. However, there is almost no published information on geographic distribution, severity, or causal agents of FER in Ethiopia or levels of preharvest fumonisin contamination, biophysical factors, and agronomic practices associated with FER. Therefore, we surveyed 480 agricultural fields located in 10 Ethiopian zones to assess the incidence and severity of FER as well as agricultural practices and biophysical factors associated with each field. We also determined the concentration of fumonisin in samples taken from the fields. Results revealed that FER was prevalent with varied disease intensity and yield loss levels among the assessed zones. The highest percent severity index (PSI) was recorded in Mirab Wellega (33.2%), with a correspondingly maximum estimated mean grain yield loss of 13.6%, while the minimum disease severity 11.3% and yield loss 5.4% were recorded from the Ilubabor zone. Fumonisins (FB1, FB2, FB3, and FB4) were detected in 98% of the samples, and the levels ranged from 5 to 7517 μg kg−1 (mean, 540 μg kg−1 and median 82.4 μg kg−1). The mean fumonisin contamination of 1524.4, 1316.8, 744.5, and 742.6 μg kg−1 was recorded for Mirab Welega, Misraq Wellega, Assosa, and Hawassa zones, respectively. In total, about 11.3% of the maize samples exceeded the maximum tolerable total fumonisin limit set by the European Union in maize flour (>1000 μg kg−1) and are not suitable for human consumption. Disease severity highly significantly (p < 0.0001) correlated with biophysical factors such as insect infestation (r = 0.60, p < 0.0001) and weed infestation (r = 0.64, p < 0.0001) and agronomic practices such as nitrogen phosphorus sulfur fertilizer application rate (r = −0.39, p < 0.0001) and insecticide spray frequency (r = −0.55, p < 0.0001). Other agronomic practices such as earlier or later sowing date and inter-cropping systems significantly reduced (p < 0.001) FER incidence, PSI, and the associated grain yield loss. There was significant (p < 0.0001) variation among maize cultivars currently under production in reaction against FER disease intensity. Moreover, the result of the present study attests a strong positive association (p < 0.001) between disease intensity and maize fumonisin concentrations. Generally, the study revealed a wider distribution of FER and fumonisin contamination of maize in the southwest major maize-growing belts of Ethiopia. Thus, appropriate integrated pre-harvest ear rot management strategies including the use of resistant cultivars and suitable agronomic practices are recommended for the management of FER and the associated mycotoxins in Ethiopia.en
dcterms.accessRightsLimited Access
dcterms.available2023-12-08
dcterms.bibliographicCitationDeressa, T., Adugna, G., Mahabaleswara, S. L., Bekeko, Z., Opoku, J., Vaughan, M., Proctor, R. H., Busman, M., Burgueño, J., & Prasanna, B. M. (2024). Biophysical factors and agronomic practices associated with Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination of maize in multiple agroecosystems in Ethiopia. Crop Science, 64(2), 827-845. https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.21159 en
dcterms.extentpp. 827-845en
dcterms.issued2024-03-30
dcterms.languageen
dcterms.licenseCopyrighted; all rights reserved
dcterms.publisherJohn Wiley & Sons Inc.en
dcterms.subjectagronomic practicesen
dcterms.subjectmaizeen
dcterms.subjectagroecosystemsen
dcterms.subjectdiseasesen
dcterms.subjectmycotoxinsen
dcterms.typeJournal Article

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