Enhancing transboundary flood forecasting for early warnings in the Gash River Basin

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cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Water Management Instituteen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationHydraulic Research Station (HRS), Wad Madani, Sudanen_US
cg.contributor.crpWater, Land and Ecosystemsen_US
cg.contributor.donorInternational Fund for Agricultural Developmenten_US
cg.creator.identifierGiriraj Amarnath: 0000-0002-7390-9800en_US
cg.creator.identifierNiranga Alahacoon: 0000-0003-0984-5176en_US
cg.creator.identifierBHARAT SHARMA: 0000-0002-1414-5011en_US
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-443-14009-9.00010-9en_US
cg.identifier.iwmilibraryH053137en_US
cg.placeLondon, UKen_US
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen_US
dc.contributor.authorAmarnath, Girirajen_US
dc.contributor.authorAlahacoon, Nirangaen_US
dc.contributor.authorGismalla, Y.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMohammed, Y.en_US
dc.contributor.authorSharma, Bharat R.en_US
dc.contributor.authorSmakhtin, Vladimiren_US
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-30T23:04:59Zen_US
dc.date.available2024-09-30T23:04:59Zen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/152518en_US
dc.titleEnhancing transboundary flood forecasting for early warnings in the Gash River Basinen_US
dcterms.abstractHistorically, flooding is the most common environmental hazard worldwide, and also one of the most threatening to communities. Hydrological modeling of large river catchments has become a challenging task for water resources engineers due to the complexity of collecting and handling both spatial and nonspatial data, such as rainfall, gauge-discharge data, and topographic and hydraulic parameters. The Gash is a transboundary river which originates from the Eritrean Highlands and Ethiopian Plateau and ends up in Sudan. It is unique in its discharge flows with torrential rain between Jul. and Oct. while being dry for the rest of the year. Despite this characteristic, the river is the main source of water for domestic and agricultural use in Kassala City, Sudan. In this chapter we briefly present the potential application of satellite-based rainfall estimates and develop a flood forecasting model for the Gash River Basin, Sudan, through a distributed modeling approach using remote sensing data. The approach includes rainfall-runoff modeling, hydrodynamic flow routing, and calibration and validation of the model with field discharge data. The study area is divided into 25 subbasins to improve model accuracy. To generate relevant parameters for modeling, GlobCover land cover data (1000 m), Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) at 90 m, and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) soil grid data using freely available datasets were used for the Gash River in Eastern Sudan. Based on several studies in Eastern Africa on the choice of satellite-based rainfall estimates, Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) was used to represent the actual rainfall pattern and intensity of the basin. Model simulations were carried out using the HEC-HMS model. From 6 years (2007–12) of available discharge data for five stations, the period 2008–11 was considered for calibration with 2008 as the warming-up period, and data from 2007 and 2012 were used for validation. The model was tested during the 2013 floods at real-time, 3-h intervals. The accuracy of the estimated peak flood discharge and lag time was found to be good with reference to field observation data. Flood forecasting lead time is increased by 12 h compared to conventional methods of forecasting.en_US
dcterms.accessRightsLimited Accessen_US
dcterms.available2024-09-27en_US
dcterms.bibliographicCitationAmarnath, Giriraj; Alahacoon, Niranga; Gismalla, Y.; Mohammed, Y.; Sharma, Bharat R.; Smakhtin, Vladimir. 2024. Enhancing transboundary flood forecasting for early warnings in the Gash River Basin. In Adams III, T. E.; Gangodagamage, C.; Pagano, T. C. (Eds.). Flood forecasting: a global perspective. 2nd ed. London, UK: Academic Press. pp.147-158. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-14009-9.00010-9]en_US
dcterms.extentpp.147-158.en_US
dcterms.issued2025-01en_US
dcterms.languageenen_US
dcterms.licenseCopyrighted; all rights reserveden_US
dcterms.subjectflood forecastingen_US
dcterms.subjectearly warning systemsen_US
dcterms.subjecttransboundary watersen_US
dcterms.subjectriver basinsen_US
dcterms.subjectmodellingen_US
dcterms.subjectsatellite observationen_US
dcterms.subjectrainfallen_US
dcterms.subjectrunoffen_US
dcterms.subjectgeographical information systemsen_US
dcterms.typeBook Chapteren_US

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