Development and validation of the global diet quality score (GDQS) for children 24 to 59 months of age

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR single centre
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and developing country institute
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and advanced research institute
cg.contributor.affiliationHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh
cg.contributor.affiliationFHI 360
cg.contributor.affiliationNational Institute of Public Health, Mexico
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Southampton
cg.contributor.affiliationLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Food Policy Research Institute
cg.contributor.affiliationMahidol University
cg.contributor.donorRockefeller Foundation
cg.contributor.donorGates Foundation
cg.creator.identifierLoty Diop: 0000-0002-3131-9108
cg.creator.identifierAulo Gelli: 0000-0003-4977-2549
cg.howPublishedFormally Published
cg.identifier.dataurlhttps://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/SFGXCE
cg.identifier.dataurlhttps://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/X7RRHL
cg.identifier.dataurlhttps://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/E7QTZZ
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf005
cg.identifier.projectIFPRI - Nutrition, Diets, and Health Unit
cg.identifier.projectIFPRI - Poverty, Gender, and Inclusion Unit
cg.identifier.publicationRankA
cg.isijournalISI Journal
cg.issn0029-6643
cg.issn1753-4887
cg.issueSupplement 1
cg.journalNutrition Reviews
cg.reviewStatusPeer Review
cg.subject.impactAreaNutrition, health and food security
cg.volume83
dc.contributor.authorAli, Nazia Binte
dc.contributor.authorArsenault, Joanne E.
dc.contributor.authorCastellanos-Gutiérrez, Analí
dc.contributor.authorMoursi, Mourad
dc.contributor.authorDeitchler, Megan
dc.contributor.authorBatis, Carolina
dc.contributor.authorAtayde, Agata Marina Perez
dc.contributor.authorKehoe, Sarah H.
dc.contributor.authorTadesse, Amare W.
dc.contributor.authorLeonardo, Sofia
dc.contributor.authorNkengfack, Brunhilda Tegomoh
dc.contributor.authorDiop, Loty
dc.contributor.authorGelli, Aulo
dc.contributor.authorFawzi, Wafaie W.
dc.contributor.authorWillett, Walter C.
dc.contributor.authorBromage, Sabri
dc.date.accessioned2025-06-06T15:13:27Z
dc.date.available2025-06-06T15:13:27Z
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/175015
dc.titleDevelopment and validation of the global diet quality score (GDQS) for children 24 to 59 months of ageen
dcterms.abstractObjectives To develop the Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS) for children aged 24-59 months and evaluate its performance in predicting outcomes related to nutrient adequacy and diet-related noncommunicable disease (NCD) risk. Background The GDQS is a food-based metric developed and validated for capturing diets' contributions to nutrient adequacy and NCD risk among adult men and nonpregnant and nonlactating women aged ≥15 years globally. Despite the importance of ensuring healthy diets in preschool children and the need for systematic monitoring, no food-based metrics exist that holistically measure diet quality among children aged 24-59 months in diverse populations. Methods We developed candidate versions of the GDQS for children aged 24-59 months by adapting the gram cutoff values used for adults to account for children’s lower energy requirements. Using dietary data sets from Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, China, Ethiopia, Mexico, the United Kingdom, and the United States, we evaluated candidate versions’ performance in predicting energy-adjusted nutrient intakes and adequacy, nutritional biomarkers, and overweight using Spearman’s correlation and multivariable-adjusted regression models, and we statistically compared performance of the strongest candidate with that of the Minimum Dietary Diversity–Women (MDD-W) indicator and Global Dietary Recommendations (GDR) score. Results The GDQS exhibited significant (P <.05) positive correlations with energy-adjusted intakes of protein, fiber, and most micronutrients in most data sets; significant negative correlations with added sugar and saturated fat in 2 data sets; and inconsistent correlations with monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat. In multivariable-adjusted models, the GDQS, MDD-W, and GDR were positively associated with serum folate in Ethiopia (and the GDQS was in the United Kingdom), and the GDR was positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in China (P <.05). The GDQS was more strongly associated with the mean probability of adequacy of 8 nutrients than the GDR in 2 data sets, whereas the MDD-W outperformed the GDQS in 3 data sets (P <.05). Conclusion The GDQS is a useful metric for measuring diet quality among children aged 24-59 months in diverse populations.en
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Access
dcterms.audienceAcademics
dcterms.audienceScientists
dcterms.available2025-05-30
dcterms.bibliographicCitationAli, Nazia Binte; Arsenault, Joanne E.; Castellanos-Gutiérrez, Analí; Moursi, Mourad; Deitchler, Megan; et al. 2025. Development and validation of the global diet quality score (GDQS) for children 24 to 59 months of age. Nutrition Reviews 83(Supplement 1): 17-36. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf005
dcterms.extent17-36
dcterms.issued2025-05-01
dcterms.languageen
dcterms.licenseCopyrighted; all rights reserved
dcterms.publisherOxford University Press
dcterms.relationhttps://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuae146
dcterms.relationhttps://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf006
dcterms.subjectdiet quality
dcterms.subjectmeasurement
dcterms.subjectpreschool children
dcterms.subjectchild nutrition
dcterms.subjectnutrient intake
dcterms.subjectnon-communicable diseases
dcterms.typeJournal Article

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