Irrigation development and agricultural water management in Rwanda: a systematic review

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cg.contributor.affiliationLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UKen
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of KwaZulu-Natalen
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Water Management Instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationMasinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kakamega, Kenyaen
cg.contributor.affiliationWater Research Commission of South Africaen
cg.coverage.countryRwandaen
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2RWen
cg.creator.identifierMabhaudhi T: 0000-0002-9323-8127en
cg.creator.identifierTinashe Lindel Dirwai: 0000-0002-2617-7002en
cg.creator.identifierOlufunke Cofie: 0000-0002-2092-4679en
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-1848-4_16en
cg.identifier.iwmilibraryH053753en
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen
dc.contributor.authorMabhaudhi, T.en
dc.contributor.authorDirwai, Tinashe L.en
dc.contributor.authorTaguta, C.en
dc.contributor.authorKanda, E. K.en
dc.contributor.authorNhamo, L.en
dc.contributor.authorCofie, Olufunkeen
dc.date.accessioned2025-04-29T12:47:03Zen
dc.date.available2025-04-29T12:47:03Zen
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/174375
dc.titleIrrigation development and agricultural water management in Rwanda: a systematic reviewen
dcterms.abstractMost African countries rely on food imports and cannot feed their populations. The most vulnerable region to chronic food insecurity is sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where agriculture is mainly rainfed and therefore threatened by climate change and variability. Irrigation is one of the main solutions for stabilizing yields and reinforcing food security, yet it is underdeveloped in most parts of Africa. However, irrigation consumes the largest amount of water than the other sectors; thus, exploring and implementing ways of producing more yield per unit volume of water is necessary. To counter food insecurity and improve agricultural water management, the African Union (AU) developed a framework for irrigation development and agricultural water management (IDAWM) to be adopted in all the member states in the continent. This framework is premised on four development pathways, namely, improved water control and watershed management in rainfed farming, farmer-led irrigation development (FLID), irrigation scheme development and modernization and the use of unconventional water for irrigation. Therefore, this review sought to assess the status, challenges, and opportunities of IDAWM in Rwanda. The systematic review adopted the PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols). The results indicated that Rwanda has adopted various strategies such as terraces, contour bunds, and water harvesting to address soil erosion and improve water storage. Irrigation is practised in three ways: marshland, hillside, and small-scale irrigation technologies, which are faced with several challenges, such as land use policy and inadequate participation, which hinder progress in FLID. Inadequate private sector involvement hinders investment in the modernization of irrigation schemes in Rwanda. Inadequate sewerage and wastewater treatment infrastructure limits wastewater reuse in irrigation. The bright spots are anchored in sound and progressive agricultural policy, abundant water resources, favourable climatic and ecological conditions and a ready regional market.en
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Accessen
dcterms.bibliographicCitationMabhaudhi, T.; Dirwai, Tinashe L.; Taguta, C.; Kanda, E. K.; Nhamo, L.; Cofie, Olufunke. 2025. Irrigation development and agricultural water management in Rwanda: a systematic review. In Mabhaudhi, T.; Chimonyo, V. G. P.; Senzanje, A.; Chivenge, P. P. (Eds.). Enhancing water and food security through improved agricultural water productivity: new knowledge, innovations and applications. Singapore: Springer. pp.361-384. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-1848-4_16]en
dcterms.descriptionIn Mabhaudhi, T.; Chimonyo, V. G. P.; Senzanje, A.; Chivenge, P. P. (Eds.). Enhancing water and food security through improved agricultural water productivity: new knowledge, innovations and applications. Singapore: Springeren
dcterms.extentpp.361-384.en
dcterms.issued2025-04-13en
dcterms.languageenen
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0en
dcterms.publisherSpringeren
dcterms.subjectirrigation developmenten
dcterms.subjectagricultural water managementen
dcterms.subjectsystematic reviewsen
dcterms.subjectfarmer-led irrigationen
dcterms.subjectclimate-smart agricultureen
dcterms.subjectconservation agricultureen
dcterms.subjectfood insecurityen
dcterms.subjectland tenure systemsen
dcterms.subjectwastewateren
dcterms.subjectrainfed farmingen
dcterms.subjectwater useen
dcterms.subjectpoliciesen
dcterms.typeBook Chapteren

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