Economic impact of a peste des petits ruminants outbreak and vaccination cost in northwest Ethiopia

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and developing country instituteen_US
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and advanced research instituteen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Gondaren_US
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Livestock Research Instituteen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationBahir Dar Universityen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationNational Animal Health Diagnostic and Investigation Center, Ethiopiaen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Liverpoolen_US
cg.contributor.crpLivestocken_US
cg.contributor.donorBill & Melinda Gates Foundationen_US
cg.contributor.donorForeign, Commonwealth and Development Office, United Kingdomen_US
cg.coverage.countryEthiopiaen_US
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2ETen_US
cg.coverage.regionAfricaen_US
cg.coverage.regionEastern Africaen_US
cg.creator.identifierWudu Temesgen Jemberu: 0000-0002-3769-307Xen_US
cg.creator.identifierTheo Knight-Jones: 0000-0003-4342-6055en_US
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden_US
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.14544en_US
cg.isijournalISI Journalen_US
cg.issn1865-1674en_US
cg.issue5en_US
cg.journalTransboundary and Emerging Diseasesen_US
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen_US
cg.subject.ilriDISEASE CONTROLen_US
cg.subject.ilriGOATSen_US
cg.subject.ilriPPRen_US
cg.subject.ilriSHEEPen_US
cg.subject.ilriSMALL RUMINANTSen_US
cg.subject.ilriVACCINESen_US
cg.subject.impactAreaNutrition, health and food securityen_US
cg.subject.sdgSDG 2 - Zero hungeren_US
cg.volume69en_US
dc.contributor.authorJemberu, Wudu T.en_US
dc.contributor.authorKnight-Jones, Theodore J.D.en_US
dc.contributor.authorGebru, A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMekonnen, S.A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorYirga, A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorSibhatu, D.en_US
dc.contributor.authorRushton, J.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2022-04-03T11:24:39Zen_US
dc.date.available2022-04-03T11:24:39Zen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/119228en_US
dc.titleEconomic impact of a peste des petits ruminants outbreak and vaccination cost in northwest Ethiopiaen_US
dcterms.abstractPeste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an important endemic disease of small ruminants in Ethiopia. While vaccination is widely used in the country to control the disease, quantitative estimates of the actual economic losses due to outbreaks and costs of vaccination are scarce. This study assessed the economic impact and costs of vaccination of PPR in Metema district, northwest Ethiopia. The economic impact of the disease was estimated from outbreak investigation including interviews with 233 smallholder farmers in PPR affected kebeles (sub-districts). The cost of PPR vaccination was obtained from vaccination programs in six kebeles of the district and from secondary data from the district veterinary office. In the investigated PPR outbreak, animal level PPR morbidity and mortality rates were, respectively, 51% and 22% in sheep and 51% and 25% in goats. The flock level morbidity rate was 83% for sheep flocks and 87% for goat flocks. The mean flock level loss was Ethiopian Birr (ETB) 7835 (USD 329 in 2018 average exchange rate) (95%CI: 5954 - 9718) for affected sheep flocks and ETB 7136 (USD 300) (95%CI: 5869–8404) for affected goat flocks. The losses in all study flocks during the outbreak were ETB 319 (USD13.4) per sheep and ETB 306 (USD12.9) per goat. Mortality accounted for more than 70% of the total losses in both sheep and goat flocks. Vaccination costs for PPR were estimated at ETB 3 per correctly vaccinated animal. Based on the estimated animal-level direct economic losses and vaccination cost, it can be conjectured that vaccination will pay if a district PPR outbreak occurs more than once every 13 years. This does not account for additional benefits from vaccine-derived herd immunity reducing disease burden in the wider population. In conclusion, PPR caused high morbidity and mortality in the affected flocks and resulted in high economic losses, equivalent to 14% of annual household income, dramatically affecting the livelihoods of affected flock owners. The vaccination practised in the district is likely to have a positive economic return with strengthened vaccination programs bringing reduced economic impact and improved livelihoods.en_US
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Accessen_US
dcterms.audienceAcademicsen_US
dcterms.audienceScientistsen_US
dcterms.available2022-04-12en_US
dcterms.bibliographicCitationJemberu, W.T., Knight-Jones, T.J.D., Gebru, A., Mekonnen, S.A., Yirga, A., Sibhatu, D. and Rushton, J. 2022. Economic impact of a peste des petits ruminants outbreak and vaccination cost in northwest Ethiopia. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 69(5): e2084–e2092.en_US
dcterms.extente2084-e2092en_US
dcterms.issued2022-09en_US
dcterms.languageenen_US
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0en_US
dcterms.publisherHindawi Limiteden_US
dcterms.subjectpest of small ruminantsen_US
dcterms.subjectvaccinationen_US
dcterms.subjectdisease controlen_US
dcterms.subjectimpact assessmenten_US
dcterms.subjectsheepen_US
dcterms.subjectgoatsen_US
dcterms.subjectsmall ruminantsen_US
dcterms.typeJournal Articleen_US

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