Detection of antibodies to Ehrlichia spp. in dromedary camels and co-grazing sheep in northern Kenya using an Ehrlichia ruminantium polyclonal competitive ELISA

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and developing country instituteen
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and advanced research instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Liverpoolen
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Livestock Research Instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationJomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technologyen
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecologyen
cg.contributor.affiliationCounty Government of Marsabiten
cg.contributor.affiliationEgerton Universityen
cg.contributor.affiliationMpala Research Centreen
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Nairobien
cg.contributor.affiliationFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nationsen
cg.contributor.donorBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, United Kingdomen
cg.contributor.donorNational Research Fund, Kenyaen
cg.contributor.donorUK Research and Innovationen
cg.contributor.donorGovernment of the United Kingdomen
cg.contributor.donorSwedish International Development Cooperation Agencyen
cg.contributor.donorSwiss Agency for Development and Cooperationen
cg.contributor.donorGovernment of Kenyaen
cg.contributor.donorDELTAS Africa Initiativeen
cg.coverage.countryKenya
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2KE
cg.coverage.regionAfrica
cg.coverage.regionEastern Africa
cg.creator.identifierDishon Muloi: 0000-0002-6236-2280en
cg.creator.identifierNaftaly Githaka: 0000-0003-4530-7164en
cg.creator.identifierEric M. Fèvre: 0000-0001-8931-4986en
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10050916en
cg.isijournalISI Journalen
cg.issn2076-2607en
cg.issue5en
cg.journalMicroorganismsen
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen
cg.subject.actionAreaResilient Agrifood Systems
cg.subject.ilriANIMAL DISEASESen
cg.subject.ilriCAMELSen
cg.subject.ilriSHEEPen
cg.subject.ilriSMALL RUMINANTSen
cg.subject.impactAreaNutrition, health and food security
cg.subject.sdgSDG 2 - Zero hungeren
cg.volume10en
dc.contributor.authorCollins, M.en
dc.contributor.authorNgetich, Collinsen
dc.contributor.authorOwido, Miltonen
dc.contributor.authorGetange, D.en
dc.contributor.authorHarris, R.en
dc.contributor.authorBargul, J.L.en
dc.contributor.authorBodha, B.en
dc.contributor.authorNjoroge, D.en
dc.contributor.authorMuloi, Dishon M.en
dc.contributor.authorMartins, D.J.en
dc.contributor.authorVillinger, J.en
dc.contributor.authorGithaka, Naftaly W.en
dc.contributor.authorBaylis, M.en
dc.contributor.authorFèvre, Eric M.en
dc.contributor.authorKanduma, E.en
dc.contributor.authorYounan, M.en
dc.contributor.authorBell-Sakyi, L.en
dc.date.accessioned2022-04-28T13:07:12Zen
dc.date.available2022-04-28T13:07:12Zen
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/119414
dc.titleDetection of antibodies to Ehrlichia spp. in dromedary camels and co-grazing sheep in northern Kenya using an Ehrlichia ruminantium polyclonal competitive ELISAen
dcterms.abstractA disease with clinical and post-mortem presentation similar to those seen in heartwater, a tick-borne disease of domestic and wild ruminants caused by the intracellular bacterium Ehrlichia ruminantium, was first reported in dromedary camels in Kenya in 2016; investigations carried out at the time to determine the cause were inconclusive. In the present study, we screened sera from Kenyan camels collected before (2015) and after (2020) the 2016 disease outbreak for antibodies to Ehrlichia spp. using an E. ruminantium polyclonal competitive ELISA (PC-ELISA). Median antibody levels were significantly higher (p < 0.0001) amongst camels originating from areas where the heartwater-like disease was reported than from disease-free areas, for animals sampled in both 2015 and 2020. Overall median seropositivity was higher in camels sampled in 2015 than in 2020, which could have been due to higher mean age in the former group. Camels that were PCR-positive for Candidatus Ehrlichia regneryi had significantly lower (p = 0.03) median antibody levels than PCR-negative camels. Our results indicate that Kenyan camels are frequently exposed to E. ruminantium from an early age, E. ruminantium was unlikely to have been the sole cause of the outbreak of heartwater-like disease; and Ca. E. regneryi does not appreciably cross-react with E. ruminantium in the PC-ELISA.en
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Access
dcterms.audienceAcademicsen
dcterms.audienceScientistsen
dcterms.available2022-04-27en
dcterms.bibliographicCitationCollins, M., Ngetich, C., Owido, M., Getange, D., Harris, R., Bargul, J.L., Bodha, B., Njoroge, D., Muloi, D., Martins, D.J., Villinger, J., Githaka, N., Baylis, M., Fèvre, E.M., Kanduma, E., Younan, M. and Bell-Sakyi, L. 2022. Detection of antibodies to Ehrlichia spp. in dromedary camels and co-grazing sheep in northern Kenya using an Ehrlichia ruminantium polyclonal competitive ELISA. Microorganisms 10(5): 916.en
dcterms.extent916en
dcterms.issued2022-04-27en
dcterms.languageen
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0
dcterms.publisherMDPIen
dcterms.subjectcamelsen
dcterms.subjectsheepen
dcterms.subjectsmall ruminantsen
dcterms.subjectheartwateren
dcterms.subjectanimal diseasesen
dcterms.typeJournal Article

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