First report of potato virus S naturally infecting arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza) in Peru

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR single centreen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Potato Centeren_US
cg.coverage.countryPeruen_US
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2PEen_US
cg.coverage.regionSouth Americaen_US
cg.creator.identifierJan Kreuze: 0000-0002-6116-9200en_US
cg.creator.identifierJoao Adhemir De Souza Pacheco: 0000-0002-3739-3122en_US
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden_US
cg.identifier.dataurlhttp://doi.org/10.21223/p3/sjjgguen_US
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-07-17-0945-pdnen_US
cg.isijournalISI Journalen_US
cg.issn0191-2917en_US
cg.issue2en_US
cg.journalPlant Diseaseen_US
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen_US
cg.subject.cipPOTATO AGRI-FOOD SYSTEMSen_US
cg.subject.cipPOTATOESen_US
cg.volume102en_US
dc.contributor.authorSouza, J. deen_US
dc.contributor.authorGamarra, H.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMuller, G.en_US
dc.contributor.authorKreuze, Jan F.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2018-09-09T21:55:46Zen_US
dc.date.available2018-09-09T21:55:46Zen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/97107en_US
dc.titleFirst report of potato virus S naturally infecting arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza) in Peruen_US
dcterms.abstractPotato virus S (PVS, genus Carlavirus, family Betaflexiviridae) naturally infects potato (Solanum tuberosum) and pepino (S. muricatum) and experimentally can infect other species of the families Solanaceae and Chenopodiaceae. Two strains of PVS have been described: PVSO (ordinary) and PVSA (Andean), depending on the symptoms induced on Chenopodium quinoa. In potato, PVS can cause yield losses of up to 20% (Stevenson et al. 2001). Arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza) is an Andean root crop grown mainly in Peru, Colombia, Ecuador, Brazil, and Bolivia (Hermann 1997). Using newly designed universal primers confirmed to amplify fragments of the RdRp region of carlaviruses from potato and sweet potato, we could amplify a 340-bp band from an asymptomatic arracacha plant collected on August 2011 from a smallholder in Cajamarca, Peru. The fragment was sequenced, revealing closest nt similarity of 76% with a sequence of PVS (JQ647830.1) available in GenBank. We then tested 20 arracacha accessions from the CIP Germplasm bank with the same primers and detected one positive plant (CIP204060; isolate Pasco), originally from Oxapampa, Peru, whose PCR fragment had 83% nt identity to the previous fragment isolated and 79% nt identity with a PVS sequence from GenBank (CAA75715.1). Neither of the positive arracachas showed symptoms or reacted with PVS antibody (produced at CIP) in DAS-ELISA. Mechanical transmission of accession CIP204060 to indicator plants (Nicotiana debneyii, N. bigelobii, N. occidentalis, N. clevelandii, Gomphrena globosa, C. quinoa, C. amaranticolor, C. murale) resulted in infection of one C. amaranticolor plant. This positive plant was used as source for successful mechanical inoculation to C. quinoa, C. murale, and C. amaranticolor as confirmed by positive PCR results in all test plants. These plants showed systemic symptoms like mosaic and rugosity, but were negative for PVS by DAS-ELISA. Attempts to transmit the PVS from arracacha CIP204060 using Myzus persicae and Macrosiphum euphorbiae to indicator plants or potato were not successful. Using additional primers, we determined the sequence of the 3′ 3,094 nts of the virus genome, including the partial RdRp, triple gene block and CP genes, from accession CIP204060 (GenBank accession no. KY451037). The partial replicase sequence (88% aa identity) identified this virus as PVS, but the identity in aa of CP (79%) is close to the species demarcation limit (80%) of carlaviruses. Nevertheless, symptoms in Chenopodium plants were like PVSA. Phylogenetic trees built based on CIP204060 using CP, 7 kDa protein, and 11 kDa protein, located this PVS isolate to a new branch distinct and basal to the ordinary and Andean strain clusters. Other carlaviruses have been reported in arracacha (Hermann 1997; Phillips 1990), but they had clear differences in host range; moreover, nucleotide sequences are lacking to compare them. Unlike its other reported natural hosts, arracacha is not from the Solanaceae and indicates PVS could pose a threat to a broader range of crops than previously known.en_US
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Accessen_US
dcterms.audienceScientistsen_US
dcterms.audienceAcademicsen_US
dcterms.audienceCGIARen_US
dcterms.available2017-11-27en_US
dcterms.bibliographicCitationDe Souza, J., Gamarra, H., Müller, G., & Kreuze, J. (2018). First Report of Potato virus S Naturally Infecting Arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza) in Peru. In Plant Disease (Vol. 102, Issue 2, pp. 460–460). Scientific Societies. https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-07-17-0945-pdnen_US
dcterms.extentpp. 460-460en_US
dcterms.issued2018-02en_US
dcterms.languageenen_US
dcterms.licensePublic domainen_US
dcterms.publisherScientific Societiesen_US
dcterms.subjectpotato s carlavirusen_US
dcterms.subjectpotatoesen_US
dcterms.subjectarracaciaen_US
dcterms.subjectarracacia xanthorrhizaen_US
dcterms.typeJournal Articleen_US

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