Evidence of Histoplasma capsulatum seropositivity and exploration of risk factors for exposure in Busia county, western Kenya: Analysis of the PAZ dataset

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and advanced research instituteen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Liverpoolen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Livestock Research Instituteen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Greenwichen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Bristolen_US
cg.contributor.crpAgriculture for Nutrition and Healthen_US
cg.contributor.donorWellcome Trusten_US
cg.contributor.donorMedical Research Council, United Kingdomen_US
cg.coverage.countryKenyaen_US
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2KEen_US
cg.coverage.regionAfricaen_US
cg.coverage.regionEastern Africaen_US
cg.creator.identifierLian Thomas: 0000-0001-8447-1210en_US
cg.creator.identifierElizabeth Cook: 0000-0001-6081-8363en_US
cg.creator.identifierJudy Bettridge: 0000-0002-3917-4660en_US
cg.creator.identifierEric M. Fèvre: 0000-0001-8931-4986en_US
cg.creator.identifierVelma Kivali: 0000-0003-0797-4484en_US
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden_US
cg.identifier.dataurlhttps://doi.org/10.17638/datacat.liverpool.ac.uk/352en_US
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011295en_US
cg.isijournalISI Journalen_US
cg.issn1935-2735en_US
cg.issue5en_US
cg.journalPLOS Neglected Tropical Diseasesen_US
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen_US
cg.speciesHistoplasma capsulatumen_US
cg.subject.ilriEPIDEMIOLOGYen_US
cg.subject.ilriHUMAN HEALTHen_US
cg.subject.impactAreaNutrition, health and food securityen_US
cg.subject.sdgSDG 3 - Good health and well-beingen_US
cg.volume17en_US
dc.contributor.authorCornell, T.R.en_US
dc.contributor.authorThomas, Lian F.en_US
dc.contributor.authorCook, Elizabeth A.J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorPinchbeck, G.en_US
dc.contributor.authorBettridge, Judy M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorGordon, L.en_US
dc.contributor.authorKivali, Velmaen_US
dc.contributor.authorKiyong'a, Aliceen_US
dc.contributor.authorFèvre, Eric M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorScantlebury, C.E.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2023-05-15T08:46:14Zen_US
dc.date.available2023-05-15T08:46:14Zen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/130385en_US
dc.titleEvidence of Histoplasma capsulatum seropositivity and exploration of risk factors for exposure in Busia county, western Kenya: Analysis of the PAZ dataseten_US
dcterms.abstractBackground Despite recognition of histoplasmosis as a disease of national public health concern in Kenya, the burden of Histoplasma capsulatum in the general population remains unknown. This study examined the human seroprevalence of anti-Histoplasma antibody and explored associations between seropositivity and demographic and environmental variables, in Busia county, western Kenya. Methodology Biobanked serum samples and associated data, from a previous cross-sectional survey, were examined. Latex agglutination tests to detect the presence of anti-Histoplasma antibody were performed on serum samples from 670 survey respondents, representing 178 households within 102 sub-locations. Potential epidemiologic risk factors for H. capsulatum exposure were explored using multi-level multivariable logistic regression analysis with household and sub-location included as random effects. Principal findings The apparent sample seroprevalence of anti-Histoplasma antibody was 15.5% (n = 104/670, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 12.9–18.5%). A multivariable logistic regression model identified increased odds of H. capsulatum seropositivity in respondents reporting rats within the household within the previous 12 months (OR = 2.99 90% CI 1.04–8.55, p = 0.04). Compared to respondents aged 25–34 years, the odds of seropositivity were higher in respondents aged 15–24 years (OR = 2.70 90% CI 1.04–6.97, p = 0.04). Conclusions The seroprevalence result provides a baseline for sample size approximations for future epidemiologic studies of the burden of H. capsulatum exposure in Busia county. The final model explored theoretically plausible risk factors for H. capsulatum exposure in the region. A number of factors may contribute to the complex epidemiological picture impacting H. capsulatum exposure status at the human-animal-environment interface in western Kenya. Focussed H. capsulatum research is warranted to determine the contextual significance of identified associations, and in representative sample populations.en_US
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Accessen_US
dcterms.audienceAcademicsen_US
dcterms.audienceScientistsen_US
dcterms.available2023-05-12en_US
dcterms.bibliographicCitationCornell, T.R., Thomas, L.F., Cook, E.A.J., Pinchbeck, G., Bettridge, J., Gordon, L., Kivali, V., Kiyong'a, A., Fèvre, E.M. and Scantlebury, C.E. 2023. Evidence of Histoplasma capsulatum seropositivity and exploration of risk factors for exposure in Busia county, western Kenya: Analysis of the PAZ dataset. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 17(5): e0011295.en_US
dcterms.extente0011295en_US
dcterms.issued2023-05-12en_US
dcterms.languageenen_US
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0en_US
dcterms.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_US
dcterms.subjecthistoplasmosisen_US
dcterms.subjectepidemiologyen_US
dcterms.subjecthealthen_US
dcterms.typeJournal Articleen_US

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