Evidence of Histoplasma capsulatum seropositivity and exploration of risk factors for exposure in Busia county, western Kenya: Analysis of the PAZ dataset

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and advanced research instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Liverpoolen
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Livestock Research Instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Greenwichen
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Bristolen
cg.contributor.crpAgriculture for Nutrition and Health
cg.contributor.donorWellcome Trusten
cg.contributor.donorMedical Research Council, United Kingdomen
cg.coverage.countryKenya
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2KE
cg.coverage.regionAfrica
cg.coverage.regionEastern Africa
cg.creator.identifierLian Thomas: 0000-0001-8447-1210en
cg.creator.identifierElizabeth Cook: 0000-0001-6081-8363en
cg.creator.identifierJudy Bettridge: 0000-0002-3917-4660en
cg.creator.identifierEric M. Fèvre: 0000-0001-8931-4986en
cg.creator.identifierVelma Kivali: 0000-0003-0797-4484en
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden
cg.identifier.dataurlhttps://doi.org/10.17638/datacat.liverpool.ac.uk/352en
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011295en
cg.isijournalISI Journalen
cg.issn1935-2735en
cg.issue5en
cg.journalPLOS Neglected Tropical Diseasesen
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen
cg.speciesHistoplasma capsulatumen
cg.subject.ilriEPIDEMIOLOGYen
cg.subject.ilriHUMAN HEALTHen
cg.subject.impactAreaNutrition, health and food security
cg.subject.sdgSDG 3 - Good health and well-beingen
cg.volume17en
dc.contributor.authorCornell, T.R.en
dc.contributor.authorThomas, Lian F.en
dc.contributor.authorCook, Elizabeth A.J.en
dc.contributor.authorPinchbeck, G.en
dc.contributor.authorBettridge, Judy M.en
dc.contributor.authorGordon, L.en
dc.contributor.authorKivali, Velmaen
dc.contributor.authorKiyong'a, Aliceen
dc.contributor.authorFèvre, Eric M.en
dc.contributor.authorScantlebury, C.E.en
dc.date.accessioned2023-05-15T08:46:14Zen
dc.date.available2023-05-15T08:46:14Zen
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/130385
dc.titleEvidence of Histoplasma capsulatum seropositivity and exploration of risk factors for exposure in Busia county, western Kenya: Analysis of the PAZ dataseten
dcterms.abstractBackground Despite recognition of histoplasmosis as a disease of national public health concern in Kenya, the burden of Histoplasma capsulatum in the general population remains unknown. This study examined the human seroprevalence of anti-Histoplasma antibody and explored associations between seropositivity and demographic and environmental variables, in Busia county, western Kenya. Methodology Biobanked serum samples and associated data, from a previous cross-sectional survey, were examined. Latex agglutination tests to detect the presence of anti-Histoplasma antibody were performed on serum samples from 670 survey respondents, representing 178 households within 102 sub-locations. Potential epidemiologic risk factors for H. capsulatum exposure were explored using multi-level multivariable logistic regression analysis with household and sub-location included as random effects. Principal findings The apparent sample seroprevalence of anti-Histoplasma antibody was 15.5% (n = 104/670, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 12.9–18.5%). A multivariable logistic regression model identified increased odds of H. capsulatum seropositivity in respondents reporting rats within the household within the previous 12 months (OR = 2.99 90% CI 1.04–8.55, p = 0.04). Compared to respondents aged 25–34 years, the odds of seropositivity were higher in respondents aged 15–24 years (OR = 2.70 90% CI 1.04–6.97, p = 0.04). Conclusions The seroprevalence result provides a baseline for sample size approximations for future epidemiologic studies of the burden of H. capsulatum exposure in Busia county. The final model explored theoretically plausible risk factors for H. capsulatum exposure in the region. A number of factors may contribute to the complex epidemiological picture impacting H. capsulatum exposure status at the human-animal-environment interface in western Kenya. Focussed H. capsulatum research is warranted to determine the contextual significance of identified associations, and in representative sample populations.en
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Access
dcterms.audienceAcademicsen
dcterms.audienceScientistsen
dcterms.available2023-05-12en
dcterms.bibliographicCitationCornell, T.R., Thomas, L.F., Cook, E.A.J., Pinchbeck, G., Bettridge, J., Gordon, L., Kivali, V., Kiyong'a, A., Fèvre, E.M. and Scantlebury, C.E. 2023. Evidence of Histoplasma capsulatum seropositivity and exploration of risk factors for exposure in Busia county, western Kenya: Analysis of the PAZ dataset. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 17(5): e0011295.en
dcterms.extente0011295en
dcterms.issued2023-05-12en
dcterms.languageen
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0
dcterms.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen
dcterms.subjecthistoplasmosisen
dcterms.subjectepidemiologyen
dcterms.subjecthealthen
dcterms.typeJournal Article

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