A rapid assessment of vegetable and irrigation systems in Tigray, Ethiopia, before and after the 2020-2022 conflict

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cg.contributor.affiliationWorld Vegetable Centeren_US
cg.contributor.affiliationMekelle Universityen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Water Management Instituteen_US
cg.contributor.donorUnited States Agency for International Developmenten_US
cg.contributor.donorCGIAR Trust Funden_US
cg.contributor.initiativeExcellence in Agronomyen_US
cg.coverage.countryEthiopiaen_US
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2ETen_US
cg.coverage.regionEastern Africaen_US
cg.creator.identifierPetra Schmitter: 0000-0002-3826-7224en_US
cg.identifier.iwmilibraryH052842en_US
cg.identifier.urlhttps://worldveg.tind.io/record/75936/files/Ethiopia%20rapid%20assessment%20report-2.pdf?ln=enen_US
cg.placeArusha, Tanzaniaen_US
dc.contributor.authorMwambi, M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorHruy, G.en_US
dc.contributor.authorBoset, A. M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorSingh, Radhikaen_US
dc.contributor.authorSchmitter, Petraen_US
dc.contributor.authorLegesse, W. B.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-27T06:39:02Zen_US
dc.date.available2024-05-27T06:39:02Zen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/144072en_US
dc.titleA rapid assessment of vegetable and irrigation systems in Tigray, Ethiopia, before and after the 2020-2022 conflicten_US
dcterms.abstractBefore the 2020-2022 war, the food system in Tigray supported the livelihoods of most of the population, with 80% of Tigrayans relying on smallholder agriculture for food and income. The major crops were cereals, cultivated by 90% of farm households, with vegetables and root crops grown by 26% of farmers. The conflict that erupted in 2020 had devastating impacts on the food system, farmers and their livelihoods, but the extent of the impact on vegetable production is not documented. This rapid assessment was thus undertaken to understand the situation before, during and after the conflict, on vegetable systems, including irrigation which is a key resource for production. A total of 10 focus group discussions and 24 key informant interviews were carried out in July and August 2023, in the Southern, Southeast, Eastern and Central zones of Tigray. The main vegetables grown before the conflict included pepper, tomato, cabbage, onion, and potato. There was also an increasing trend in vegetable production, the use of irrigation, and irrigation infrastructure development. Inputs such as fertilizer and seed were provided through the national and regional governments. The conflict led to a disruption of the vegetable and irrigation systems as crops and infrastructure were destroyed, transportation blocked, and labor reduced due to migration. Inputs such as seeds and fertilizers became unavailable. Food insecurity increased and most people shifted their production patterns to prioritize cereals instead of vegetables. However, vegetable consumption reportedly increased as the vegetable market was not there and households opted to substitute common bean-based side dishes with vegetables because beans were not available or accessible. The situation after the conflict is that vegetable production remains low with only 30% of total irrigable land being utilized, down from 70% pre-conflict. A diversity of vegetables is still be grown, however, including tomato, onion, peppers, cabbage, Swiss chard, and lettuce, among others. Most producers are selling their vegetables for income while little is kept for consumption. Food insecurity continues to be the greatest challenge, as most households cannot produce because of the loss of productive assets, and ability to purchase food is limited because of the loss of employment and income. As efforts are channeled towards the recovery of the livelihoods in Tigray, vulnerable groups including refugees and internally displaced persons face the most challenges in recovering. Key interventions to support the vegetable and irrigation systems should concentrate on improving access to and availability of seed, and irrigation infrastructure, improving market linkages, and improving awareness of vegetables for nutrition and health, with a focus on the most vulnerable groups.en_US
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Accessen_US
dcterms.bibliographicCitationMwambi, M.; Hruy, G.; Boset, A. M.; Singh, Radhika; Schmitter, Petra; Legesse, W. B. 2024. A rapid assessment of vegetable and irrigation systems in Tigray, Ethiopia, before and after the 2020-2022 conflict. Arusha, Tanzania: World Vegetable Center - Eastern and Southern Africa. 28p. (WorldVeg Publication No. 24-1076)en_US
dcterms.extent28p.en_US
dcterms.isPartOfWorldVeg Publication No. 24-1076en_US
dcterms.issued2024-03-01en_US
dcterms.languageenen_US
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-SA-3.0en_US
dcterms.publisherWorld Vegetable Center - Eastern and Southern Africaen_US
dcterms.subjectvegetablesen_US
dcterms.subjectirrigation systemsen_US
dcterms.subjectassessmenten_US
dcterms.subjectsmallholdersen_US
dcterms.subjectagricultural value chainsen_US
dcterms.subjectfarm inputsen_US
dcterms.subjectlivelihoodsen_US
dcterms.subjecthouseholdsen_US
dcterms.subjectfarmersen_US
dcterms.subjectfertilizersen_US
dcterms.subjectseedsen_US
dcterms.subjectfood insecurityen_US
dcterms.subjectfood securityen_US
dcterms.subjectfood consumptionen_US
dcterms.subjectnutritionen_US
dcterms.subjectpoliciesen_US
dcterms.subjectinstitutionsen_US
dcterms.subjectmarketingen_US
dcterms.typeReporten_US

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