Transgenic cotton and farmers’ health in Pakistan

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR single centreen
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and developing country instituteen
cg.contributor.crpPolicies, Institutions, and Markets
cg.contributor.donorUnited States Agency for International Developmenten
cg.coverage.countryPakistan
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2PK
cg.coverage.regionSouthern Asia
cg.coverage.regionAsia
cg.creator.identifierDavid J. Spielman: 0000-0002-6889-7358
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222617en
cg.identifier.projectIFPRI - Environment and Production Technology Division
cg.identifier.projectIFPRI - Pakistan Strategy Support Program
cg.identifier.publicationRankA Plus
cg.isijournalISI Journalen
cg.issn1932-6203en
cg.issue10en
cg.journalPLOS ONEen
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen
cg.volume14en
dc.contributor.authorKouser, Shahzaden
dc.contributor.authorSpielman, David J.en
dc.contributor.authorQaim, Matinen
dc.date.accessioned2024-06-21T09:05:35Zen
dc.date.available2024-06-21T09:05:35Zen
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/146017
dc.titleTransgenic cotton and farmers’ health in Pakistanen
dcterms.abstractDespite substantial research on the economic effects of transgenic insect-resistant Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton, there is still limited work on this technology’s impacts on human health. Due to the inbuilt insect resistance, Bt cotton requires fewer pesticide sprays than conventional cotton, which is not only advantageous from economic and environmental perspectives, but may also result in health benefits for farmers. Using socioeconomic and biophysical data from Pakistan, we provide the first evidence of a direct association between Bt gene expression in the plant and health benefits. A key feature of this study is that Bt cotton cultivation in Pakistan occurs in a poorly regulated market: farmers are often mistaken in their beliefs about whether they have planted Bt cotton or conventional cotton, which may affect their pesticide-use strategies and thus their pesticide exposure. We employ a cost-of-illness approach and variations in the measurement of Bt adoption to estimate the relationship between Bt cotton and farmers’ health. Bt adoption based on farmers’ beliefs does not reduce the pesticide-induced cost of illness. However, adoption based on measuring Bt gene expression is associated with significant health cost savings. Extrapolating the estimates for true Bt seeds to Pakistan’s entire Bt cotton area results in annual health cost savings of around US$ 7 million. These findings have important implications for the regulation of seed markets in Pakistan and beyond: improved regulations that ensure claimed crop traits are really expressed can increase the benefits for farmers and society at large.en
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Access
dcterms.bibliographicCitationKouser, Shahzad; Spielman, David J.; and Qaim, Matin. Transgenic cotton and farmers’ health in Pakistan. PLoS ONE 14(10): e0222617. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222617en
dcterms.issued2019-10-04
dcterms.languageen
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0
dcterms.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen
dcterms.relationhttps://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.277546en
dcterms.replaceshttps://ebrary.ifpri.org/digital/collection/p15738coll5/id/6851en
dcterms.subjecttransgenic plantsen
dcterms.subjecttransgenicsen
dcterms.subjectcottonen
dcterms.subjecthealthen
dcterms.subjectfarmersen
dcterms.subjectcapacity developmenten
dcterms.subjectpesticidesen
dcterms.subjectregulationsen
dcterms.typeJournal Article

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