What adults in rural South Asia eat and when they eat it: Evidence from Bangladesh, India, and Nepal

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR single centreen
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and advanced research instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Food Policy Research Instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationFHI Solutionsen
cg.contributor.donorCGIAR Trust Funden
cg.contributor.initiativeTransforming Agrifood Systems in South Asia
cg.coverage.countryBangladesh
cg.coverage.countryIndia
cg.coverage.countryNepal
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2BD
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2IN
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2NP
cg.coverage.regionSouthern Asia
cg.coverage.regionAsia
cg.creator.identifierSamuel Scott: 0000-0002-5564-0510en
cg.creator.identifierMarie Ruel: 0000-0002-9506-348Xen
cg.creator.identifierSuman Chakrabarti: 0000-0002-5078-2173en
cg.creator.identifierSumanta Neupane: 0000-0003-2977-0896en
cg.creator.identifierSwetha Manohar: 0000-0003-4042-8952en
cg.creator.identifierPurnima Menon: 0000-0001-5988-2894en
cg.howPublishedGrey Literatureen
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1101/2025.01.06.25320064en
cg.identifier.projectIFPRI - Nutrition, Diets, and Health Uniten
cg.identifier.publicationRankNot rankeden
cg.reviewStatusInternal Reviewen
cg.subject.actionAreaResilient Agrifood Systems
cg.subject.impactAreaNutrition, health and food security
dc.contributor.authorScott, Samuel P.en
dc.contributor.authorPatwardhan, Sharvarien
dc.contributor.authorRuel, Marie T.en
dc.contributor.authorChakrabarti, Sumanen
dc.contributor.authorNeupane, Sumantaen
dc.contributor.authorManohar, Swethaen
dc.contributor.authorMoursi, Mouraden
dc.contributor.authorMenon, Purnimaen
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-16T15:01:39Zen
dc.date.available2025-01-16T15:01:39Zen
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/169267
dc.titleWhat adults in rural South Asia eat and when they eat it: Evidence from Bangladesh, India, and Nepalen
dcterms.abstractBackground Poor diets pose a threat to all forms of malnutrition and diet-related noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Data on dietary patterns are scarce in South Asia. Objectives We sought to describe overall diet quality, intake of foods and food groups, and eating occasions among adults in rural South Asia. Methods Data were from five districts across Bangladesh (n=2,802 individuals), India (n=1,672), and Nepal (n=1,451). The Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS) application was used to measure intake of foods on the previous day, with each food tagged to an eating occasion. Diet quality and the risk of diet-related noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) were described using GDQS total (0–49), GDQS positive (0–32) and GDQS negative (0–17) metrics for overall, healthy, and unhealthy food intake respectively. Results Diet quality was low, with similar scores across countries for GDQS total (17-19 depending on country), GDQS positive (7–8) and GDQS negative (10–12), indicating low intake of healthy foods as the main contributor to poor diets. Over 90% of adults had levels of GQDS scores associated with moderate/high risk for diet-related NCDs, with the proportion at high risk in Bangladesh being 2-3x higher than other countries. Across sites, intake of refined grains (white rice), sweets (sugar, biscuits), and white tubers (potatoes) was common. One-third of adults did not eat breakfast in Nepal, and snacking was twice as common in males (63%) versus females (33%) in Bangladesh. Conclusions These findings highlight the need to improve diets in rural South Asia and may help inform interventions targeting food intake patterns.en
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Access
dcterms.audienceScientistsen
dcterms.bibliographicCitationScott, Samuel P.; Patwardhan, Sharvari; Ruel, Marie T.; Chakrabarti, Suman; Neupane, Sumanta; et al. 2025. What adults in rural South Asia eat and when they eat it: Evidence from Bangladesh, India, and Nepal. MedRxiv available January 6, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.01.06.25320064en
dcterms.issued2025-01-06en
dcterms.languageen
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0
dcterms.relationhttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/137349en
dcterms.relationhttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/145356en
dcterms.subjectcapacity buildingen
dcterms.subjectrural areasen
dcterms.subjectfeeding habitsen
dcterms.subjectdieten
dcterms.subjecthealthen
dcterms.typePreprint

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