Positive association between Brucella spp. seroprevalences in livestock and humans from a cross-sectional study in Garissa and Tana River Counties, Kenya

Simple item page
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and developing country instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationMinistry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Fisheries, Kenyaen
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Livestock Research Instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Nairobien
cg.contributor.affiliationKenyatta National Hospitalen
cg.contributor.affiliationKenya Medical Research Instituteen
cg.contributor.crpAgriculture for Nutrition and Health
cg.contributor.donorEconomic and Social Research Council, United Kingdomen
cg.contributor.donorNatural Environment Research Council, United Kingdomen
cg.contributor.donorSwedish Research Councilen
cg.coverage.countryKenya
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2KE
cg.coverage.regionAfrica
cg.coverage.regionEastern Africa
cg.creator.identifierJohanna Lindahl: 0000-0002-1175-0398en
cg.creator.identifierDelia Grace: 0000-0002-0195-9489en
cg.creator.identifierBernard Bett: 0000-0001-9376-2941en
cg.creator.identifierMartin Wainaina: 0000-0002-4938-2543en
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007506en
cg.isijournalISI Journalen
cg.issn1935-2735en
cg.issue10en
cg.journalPLOS Neglected Tropical Diseasesen
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen
cg.subject.ilriANIMAL DISEASESen
cg.subject.ilriANIMAL HEALTHen
cg.subject.ilriBRUCELLOSISen
cg.subject.ilriCATTLEen
cg.subject.ilriGOATSen
cg.subject.ilriHEALTHen
cg.subject.ilriLIVESTOCKen
cg.subject.ilriSHEEPen
cg.subject.ilriSMALL RUMINANTSen
cg.subject.ilriZOONOTIC DISEASESen
cg.volume13en
dc.contributor.authorKairu-Wanyoike, S.en
dc.contributor.authorNyamwaya, D.en
dc.contributor.authorWainaina, M.en
dc.contributor.authorLindahl, Johanna F.en
dc.contributor.authorOntiri, E.en
dc.contributor.authorBukachi, S.en
dc.contributor.authorNjeru, I.en
dc.contributor.authorKaranja, J.en
dc.contributor.authorSang, R.en
dc.contributor.authorGrace, Deliaen
dc.contributor.authorBett, Bernard K.en
dc.date.accessioned2019-10-29T11:59:07Zen
dc.date.available2019-10-29T11:59:07Zen
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/105549
dc.titlePositive association between Brucella spp. seroprevalences in livestock and humans from a cross-sectional study in Garissa and Tana River Counties, Kenyaen
dcterms.abstractBackground Brucella spp. is a zoonotic bacterial agent of high public health and socio-economic importance. It infects many species of animals including wildlife, and people may get exposed through direct contact with an infected animal or consumption of raw or undercooked animal products. A linked livestock-human cross-sectional study to determine seroprevalences and risk factors of brucellosis in livestock and humans was designed. Estimates were made for intra-cluster correlation coefficients (ICCs) for these observations at the household and village levels. Methodology The study was implemented in Garissa (specifically Ijara and Sangailu areas) and Tana River (Bura and Hola) counties. A household was the unit of analysis and the sample size was derived using the standard procedures. Serum samples were obtained from selected livestock and people from randomly selected households. Humans were sampled in both counties, while livestock could be sampled only in Tana River County. Samples obtained were screened for anti-Brucella IgG antibodies using ELISA kits. Data were analyzed using generalized linear mixed effects logistic regression models with the household (herd) and village being used as random effects. Results The overall Brucella spp. seroprevalences were 3.47% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.72–4.36%) and 35.81% (95% CI: 32.87–38.84) in livestock and humans, respectively. In livestock, older animals and those sampled in Hola had significantly higher seroprevalences than younger ones or those sampled in Bura. Herd and village random effects were significant and ICC estimates associated with these variables were 0.40 (95% CI: 0.22–0.60) and 0.24 (95% CI: 0.08–0.52), respectively. In humans, Brucella spp. seroprevalence was significantly higher in older people, males, and people who lived in pastoral areas than younger ones, females or those who lived in irrigated or riverine areas. People from households that had at least one seropositive animal were 3.35 (95% CI: 1.51–7.41) times more likely to be seropositive compared to those that did not. Human exposures significantly clustered at the household level; the ICC estimate obtained was 0.21 (95% CI: 0.06–0.52). Conclusion The presence of a Brucella spp.-seropositive animal in a household significantly increased the odds of Brucella spp. seropositivity in humans in that household. Exposure to Brucella spp. of both livestock and humans clustered significantly at the household level. This suggests that risk-based surveillance measures, guided by locations of primary cases reported, either in humans or livestock, can be used to detect Brucella spp. infections in livestock or humans, respectively.en
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Access
dcterms.audienceScientistsen
dcterms.available2019-10-17en
dcterms.bibliographicCitationKairu-Wanyoike, S., Nyamwaya, D., Wainaina, M., Lindahl, J., Ontiri, E., Bukachi, S., Njeru, I., Karanja, J., Sang, R., Grace, D. and Bett, B. 2019. Positive association between Brucella spp. seroprevalences in livestock and humans from a cross-sectional study in Garissa and Tana River Counties, Kenya. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 13(10): e0007506.en
dcterms.issued2019-10-17en
dcterms.languageen
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0
dcterms.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen
dcterms.subjectzoonosesen
dcterms.subjectlivestocken
dcterms.subjecthealthen
dcterms.subjectanimal diseasesen
dcterms.subjectcattleen
dcterms.subjectsheepen
dcterms.subjectgoatsen
dcterms.subjectsmall ruminantsen
dcterms.subjectanimal healthen
dcterms.typeJournal Article

Files

License bundle

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
license.txt
Size:
1.75 KB
Format:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Description:
Download

Collections

ILRI articles in journals
CRP A4NH outputs
Dynamic drivers of disease in Africa
ILRI animal and human health program outputs (2017–2024)