CIAT Reports
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Item Food system policy baseline assessment: Report from Vietnam(Report, 2018) Pham, Huong Thi Mai; Huynh, Tuyen Thi Thanh; Duong, Thanh Thi; Kawarazuka, Nozomi; de Haan, Stef; Dang, Chien Duc; Béné, ChristopheThe objective of this policy baseline assessment was to provide a snapshot of the views and perceptions of policy-makers and key-actors in different domains directly related to food system in Vietnam. This work contributes in Vietnam to the Food System for Healthier Diet flagship implemented as part of the Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH) CGIAR Research Programme.Item Aceptación de variedades de frijol con alto contenido de hierro INTA Nutritivo e INTA Ferroso entre beneficiarios en Nicaragua(Report, 2018) Reyes, Byron; Gomez, Lorena; Lopera, DianaEl hambre oculta es un problema que afecta a más de dos billones de personas a nivel mundial y causa diferentes efectos en los individuos afectados. Para combatir el hambre oculta, hay varias alternativas, incluyendo la producción y consumo de cultivos biofortificados (i.e., con alto contenido de minerales), estrategia que es complementaria a una diversificación dietética, suplementación y fortificación comercial, entre otras. Los esfuerzos de HarvestPlus y sus colaboradores (p.e., INTA en Nicaragua) se enfocan en el desarrollo de variedades con alto contenido de hierro y zinc, que además son tolerantes a enfermedades y tienen un potencial de rendimiento alto. Desde el 2003, HarvestPlus ha trabajado en mejorar el contenido nutricional y las características agronómicas de los cultivos básicos como el arroz, frijol, maíz, yuca y camote, un proceso conocido como biofortificación. En Nicaragua, INTA en colaboración con HarvestPlus y Agrosalud, ha liberado hasta fines de 2017 cuatro variedades biofortificadas de frijol, las cuales contienen más hierro que otras variedades existentes. Dos de estas variedades fueron incluidas en un estudio de aceptabilidad, realizado en 2015-2016, en cuatro departamentos del país, con 226 productores. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la aceptación de estas dos variedades en términos de producción y consumo. Este estudio presenta los resultados de dicha evaluación.Item Análisis de carotenoides de alimentos biofortificados / Carotenoid analysis of biofortified foods / L´analyse des carotenoïdes des aliments biofortifiés(Working Paper, 2019-12) Miranda de Castro, Izabela; Londoño Hernandez, Luis Fernando; Carvalho, Jose Luiz Viana; Jaramillo, Angelica Maria; Pacheco, SidneyItem Mercados informales para reducir la pobreza y para seguridad alimentaria: Explorando opciones políticas en Nicaragua y Honduras(Report, 2016-03) Reyes, Byron A.; Larosa, Francesca; Gomez, Lorena; Buritica, Alex; Jäger, Matthias; Lundy, Mark M.; Wiegel, Jennifer RebeccaMucha de la investigación en cadenas de valor y enlaces de mercado generalmente se enfoca en los mercados formales o supermercados, haciendo comparaciones con los mercados tradicionales. Ese tipo de investigaciones podrían generar un sesgo en el diseño de intervenciones políticas hacia inversiones públicas que pueden beneficiar al 10% de los productores más pudientes y el sector privado a los que ellos suplen. Mientras tanto se ha dado poca atención al 90% restante de productores, los mercados tradicionales (o informales, o municipales) donde estos son activos, y los canales de distribución informales que benefician a la clase pobre urbana. Este estudio se realizó en 2015 en Nicaragua y Honduras, con el objetivo de (a) entender los enlaces rural-urbano existentes entre productores pequeños y consumidores pobres de una canasta representativa de productos alimenticios, (b) identificar puntos de apalancamiento para políticas públicas destinadas a mercados tradicionales o informales que puedan aumentar los beneficios tanto para productores rurales como consumidores urbanos, y (c) evaluar si es factible construir modelos de negocio más inclusivos entre actores en mercados tradicionales. Este reporte presenta los resultados encontrados para Nicaragua.Item Comparative study of three cases where the link methodology was implemented: Rural women on the road to prosperity(Report, 2016-09) Hurtado Bermudez, Jhon Jairo; Melo, Jenny; Gutiérrez Arenas, ErnestoThis publication is the result of a participatory systematization process led by the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), on the implementation of the LINK Methodology by Heifer International on three study cases within the Rural Women on the Road to Prosperity project. This emerged within the framework of the Rural Women on the Road to Prosperity regional project, supported by Heifer International and the Ford Foundation, as well as the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) and local organizations. The project implementation started in September 2014, in Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua, and it allowed for the development, implementation, validation, and adaptation of a model strategy for business development, while linking smallholders, especially women and young people, to markets.Item Assessing the adoption and economic and environmental impacts of Brachiaria grass forage cultivars in Latin America focusing on the experience in Colombia. Final Technical Report prepared for the CGIAR Standing Panel on Impact Assessment(Report, 2017-07-31) Labarta, Ricardo Antonio; Martínez, Jose Maria; Yaccelga, Angie; Reyes, Byron A.; Gomez, Lorena; Maredia, Mywish K.; DeYoung, David; Carriazo, Fernando; Toro, MarianaBrachiaria grasses are native to Africa but were introduced to the Americas in the early 50’s due to its easy adaptation to the region and high potential productivity in livestock production systems (Miles, Maass, & do Valle, Brachiaria: biology, agronomy and improvement, 1996). A considerable expansion of Brachiaria grasses has been reported in various countries of Latin-America, especially in Brazil (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, 2007; Jank, Barrios, do Valle, Simeão, & Alves, 2014; Landers, 2007). Brachiaria Decumbens cv. Basilisk was the first adopted cultivar in Latin-American and remains in current times as one of the important grass forage cultivars in the region.Item Estimation and characterization of bean seed demand in Angonia district of Mozambique(Report, 2015) Maereka, Enock Kuziwa; Makate, C.; Chataika, B.Y.; Mango, Nelson; Zulu, Rodah M.; Munthali, G.; Amane, M.I.; Chirwa, R.M.This report highlights findings of a study that was carried out to characterize and estimate the demand for common bean seed in Angonia District of Tete Province in Mozambique. The study gathered information on the area planted to the common bean annually, engaged key informants and surveyed of 332 households in eight Localidades between April and May 2015. According to the study, 99.7 % heads of households depend on agriculture as the main occupation; working on average family farm size of 1.4 ha, often augmented with 0.06 ha available through leasing annually. In addition to family-owned farms, husbands and wives solely own 30% and 26% respectively. The main crops grown in Angonia District in descending order of prevalence, were maize (97%) common bean (94%), soybean (59%) and groundnut (45%). Other crops grown included Irish potato, cowpea and tobacco. The common bean has a long history of cultivation in the district; mean bean production experience of participating farmers was 16 years.Item How do farmers and seed producers get information and provide feedback on varieties in the public domain: the case of common bean in eastern Zambia?(Case Study, 2015) Maereka, Enock Kuziwa; Mwila, M.; Mudenda, S.; Mudenda, S.K.; Zulu, M.; Chikubi, A.; Muleya, C.; Zulu, Rodah M.A study was conducted in 2015 to investigate the channels used by farmers and seed producers to access information on bean varieties in the Eastern Province of Zambia, particularly in Chadiza, Chipata, Lundazi and Vubwi districts. Stakeholders, key informants and a sample of 300 bean-producing households were interviewed. Two focus group discussions (FGDs) were also conducted in Chadzombe and Chiwoko Agricultural Camps to contextualize the survey responses. The 300 households produced beans under rain-fed and irrigated wetland conditions, and also grew maize (87 %) and other legumes such as groundnut (66 %) and soybean (61%). Concerning bean production, the majority of respondents (88%) grew only local varieties while 6 % grew only improved varieties, 6% grew both varieties and the remainder (less than 1 %) were unware whether their varieties of choice were local or improved.Item Climate-Resilient Agriculture in The Philippines: Climate Risk Profile, Visayas(Brief, 2019-06) Giles, James; Macandog, Paula Beatrice; Sova, Chase; Seriño, Moises Neil V.; Ruales, Jessa H.; Enerlan, Wendy C.; Palao, Leo K.; Balanza, Jane Girly C.; Hildebrand, Jack; Grosjean, GodefroyThe Visayas Climate Risk Profile is organized into six sections, each reflecting an essential analytical step in understanding current and potential adaptation options in key local agricultural value chains. The document first offers an overview of agricultural commodities that are crucial for food security and livelihoods in the Philippines, and describes major challenges to agricultural sector development in the island group. Next, it identifies the main climatic hazards based on analysis of historical climate data and climate projections including typhoons and drought. The profile continues with an analysis of vulnerabilities and risks posed by the hazards toward key commodities through crop suitability mapping. Based on these vulnerabilities, we discuss current and potential on farm adaptation options and off-farm services.Item Climate-Resilient Agriculture in The Philippines: Climate Risk Profile, Mindanao(Other, 2019-06) Giles, James; Macandog, Paula Beatrice; Sova, Chase; Digal, Larry; Balgos, Carol; Loquias, Melissa; Orbeta, Marvin Louie; Astronomo, Ivi Jaquelyn T.; Palao, Leo K.; Balanza, Jane Girly C.; Hildebrand, Jack; Grosjean, GodefroyThe Mindanao Climate Risk Profile is organized into six sections, each reflecting an essential analytical step in understanding current and potential adaptation options in key local agricultural value chains. The document first offers an overview of agricultural commodities that are crucial for food security and livelihoods in the Philippines, and describes major challenges to agricultural sector development in the island group. Next, it identifies the main climatic hazards based on analysis of historical climate data and climate projections including typhoons and drought. The profile continues with an analysis of vulnerabilities and risks posed by the hazards toward key commodities through crop suitability mapping. Based on these vulnerabilities, we discuss current and potential on farm adaptation options and off-farm services. The text also provides snapshots of the enabling policy, institutional, and governance context for adoption of resilience-building strategies. Finally, pathways for strengthening institutional capacity to address climate risks are presented.Item Climate-Resilient Agriculture in The Philippines: Climate Risk Profile, Luzon(Other, 2019-06) Giles, James; Macandog, Paula Beatrice; Nowak, Andreea C.; Pablo, Janet; Sebiano Jr, Ben; Palao, Leo K.; Balanza, Jane Girly C.; Hildebrand, Jack; Grosjean, GodefroyThe Luzon Climate Risk Profile is organized into six sections, each reflecting an essential analytical step in understanding current and potential adaptation options in key local agricultural value chains. The document first offers an overview of agricultural commodities that are crucial for food security and livelihoods in the Philippines, and describes major challenges to agricultural sector development in the island group. Next, it identifies the main climatic hazards based on analysis of historical climate data and climate projections including typhoons and drought. The profile continues with an analysis of vulnerabilities and risks posed by the hazards toward key commodities through crop suitability mapping. Based on these vulnerabilities, we discuss current and potential on farm adaptation options and off-farm services. The text also provides snapshots of the enabling policy, institutional, and governance context for adoption of resilience-building strategies. Finally, pathways for strengthening institutional capacity to address climate risks are presented.Item Informe de línea base: Proyecto modelo agroforestal de alta diversificación para el café en Nicaragua(Report, 2018-04) Reyes, Byron A.; Gómez, Lorena; Baumann, MatthiasLa Fundación Aldea Global en Nicaragua está implementando un proyecto para promover sistemas agroforestales de alto valor entre los productores de café que atiende. El objetivo de dicho proyecto es contribuir a la mejora de ingresos de pequeños y medianos productores de café asociados a esta organización mediante la promoción e implementación de sistemas agroforestales con alto grado de diversificación, calidad y valor. Como parte de este proyecto, CIAT realizó el levantamiento de la línea base para evaluar el impacto económico de esta intervención entre los productores beneficiarios. Este documento presenta los resultados descriptivos de la encuesta de línea base implementada.Item Report on the identification of ploidy of accessions for Brachiaria(Report, 2020) Tomaszewska, PaulinaItem Livestock-led interventions towards equitable livelihoods and improved environment in the North-West Highlands of Vietnam - Villages selection for the project interventions(Report, 2020) Douxchamps, Sabine; Mai Thanh Tu; Teufel, Nils; Le Thi Thanh Huyen; Nguyen Thinh; Otieno, Mary Atieno; Hu Suk Lee; Hung Nguyen-Viet; Poole, Elizabeth J.Item Preliminary report on calibration of chemometric equations of portable NIRS, suitable for screening of nutritional quality traits in Brachiaria brizantha-ruzisiensis-decumbens genetic pool(Report, 2020) Mazabel, Johanna; Castiblanco, ValheriaNear infrared reflectance spectroscopy, (NIRS) technology has been used as a rapid and low-cost method for analysis of quality nutritional parameters. However, this requires a preprocessing of plants that involve cutting, drying and milling of sample. This preliminary study was undertaken to explore the potential of field spectral measurements for a nondestructive prediction of crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF). Canopy reflectance data were acquired before harvest using a ASD LabSpec 4 Standard-Res (Analytical Spectral Devices, Inc., Boulder, CO) spectrometer over the 350 to 2500 nm wavelength range (1 nm spectral resolution). The population study correspond to 110 genotypes of Brachiaria Hybrids established in two locations from Colombia with an experimental design Alpha lattice ( 10X 11) in plots measuring 1 X 1 m, and two repetitions. The field experiment was conducted during the years 2019 and 2020 on research stations of Agrosavia (Nataima, Tolima, Colombia) and CIAT (Palmira, Valle del Cauca, Colombia). The spectral data was collected directly in plants before harvest. For the process of development preliminary equations, sixty-five samples of hybrids harvested were selected and used to measure in laboratory parameters contents PC, ADF and NDF. Additionally, this number of samples were used to reinforce the existing equations for stationary NIRS in the case of Brachiaria Hybrids in Quality nutricional laboratory at CIAT. The preliminary equations designed for fresh samples and direct measurements in leave tissue of the plants before harvest and without any preprocessing (drying, milling) are still not showing satisfactory results. In contrast, the equations with dry samples presented better statistical parameters and allowed predictions to all BR interspecific population of the breeding program during 2020. In recommendation, for next studies with portable NIRS is necessary to add more samples in the process of calibration for obtain good results and equations.Item Acompañamiento técnico de la Alianza Bioversity International-CIAT a proyectos de IFC en Nicaragua en temas de forrajes tropicales - Informe de actividades enero-diciembre 2020(Report, 2020) Mena, Martín; Hoek, Rein van derItem Projet de reboisement de l'USAID rapport de realisations de l'annee 2020. Résultat 2 : la résilience aux chocs économiques et naturelles est améliorée(Report, 2020) United States Agency for International Development; International Center for Tropical Agriculture; Chemonics InternationalLe Projet de Reboisement de l’USAID est mis en oeuvre dans les départements du Nord et du Nord-Est d’Haïti par un consortium de partenaires sous le leadership de la firme Chemonics International, incluant le Centre International d’Agriculture Tropicale (CIAT) et le National Cooperative Business Association CLUSA International (NCBA-CLUSA). Le Projet prête une attention particulière au renforcement de la résilience des agriculteurs, des foyers et des communautés aux chocs économiques et naturels, en intégration avec d’autres résultats intermédiaires tels que la réduction des menaces de déforestation, l’augmentation de la couverture arborée et l’appui à la gouvernance environnementale.Item Report on identification of best genotypes of Panicum maximum (Megathyrsus maximus) genebank collection for the trait forage production (biomass/quality)(Report, 2020) Cardoso, Juan Andrés; Sotelo, Mauricio E.Item Report on basic seed multiplication for gramineae and legume for dissemination to NARS in Colombia(Report, 2020) Sotelo, Mauricio E.; Cardoso, Juan AndrésItem Report on validation of remote sensing to predict important parameters for pasture management under tropical conditions(Report, 2020) Cardoso, Juan Andrés; Sotelo, Mauricio E.