CIP Conference Papers
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Item Agricultural emergency response with potato and sweetpotato technologies for livelihood restoration of communities affected by conflict and other concurrent crises in Ethiopia(Conference Paper, 2024-05) Gebeyehu, S.; Cherinet, M.; Aragaw, A.; Kifle, A.; Yeshitila, M.; Tigre, W.; Tesfaye, H.; Asfaw, F.; Kirui, L.; Maru, J.Armed conflicts and other concurrent crises that have been occurring in different regions of Ethiopia in the past couple of years have left behind a legacy of massive displacement and disruption of agricultural activities, exposing millions of people to various challenges, including food shortages, malnutrition, and loss of productive resources such as agricultural inputs. To restore the agricultural livelihoods of the communities affected by multiple crises, the International Potato Center (CIP) has designed and implemented emergency response interventions in collaboration with local partners since 2021. The projects aimed at strengthening farmers access to quality seeds and accompanying technologies of resilient and nutritious potato and sweetpotato varieties, improving the capacity and skills of the targeted households for effective utilization of these crops for food and feed, and strengthening the performance and resilience of local institutions serving these communities. A total of 112,046 households across 124 districts of seven regional states have benefited from the interventions implemented between 2021 and 2024. The interventions enabled access to high-quality seeds of more than 1062 metric tons of seed potatoes and 35 million sweetpotato cuttings by the households most affected by the crises. Moreover, the interventions supported decentralized seed multiplier (DSM) groups through building their capacity and equipping them with skills to produce good quality planting materials to ensure sustainable access to quality seeds by smallholders at a reduced cost and time. These DSMs have developed the capacity to multiply and supply over 37.2 million sweetpotato cuttings and more than 4090 tons of potato seed annually. Beneficiary farmers on average harvested 23.7 and 24.0 t ha-1 of potato tubers and sweetpotato roots, respectively, which is nearly double of what they used to obtain under traditional practices. These increased yields have contributed to availability of food to support families for four to five months. Farmers have also sold surplus potato and sweetpotato produces and seeds to generate modest incomes. Over twenty-four thousand women and mothers were trained on the utilization of orange-fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP) based products to ensure adequate vitamin A intake for children under two years of age. The practice of seed conservation has shown tremendous improvement among farmers, with those targeted with potato technologies were able to save up to 25% of their produce for seed. Consequently, farmers have started expanding their production on larger fields to reap the benefits of the resilient and cash generating crops in their path to self-reliance and livelihood restoration. This review highlights the major challenges encountered including those related to availability and access to quality planting materials of roots and tubers, inadequate seed market information, and insufficient coordination among seed system actors to timely and adequately respond to the needs of people affected by multiple crises. Key lessons learnt from the emergency response projects include the role of decentralized seed multiplication approach in addressing the needs of farmers in crises prone areas, integrating agriculture and nutrition interventions to enhance the uptake of nutrient dense crops such as OFSP, and the vital role of capacity building and sharing with local partners in sustaining results and ensuring continued implementation and monitoring of activities under conflict situations. Policy implications of the lessons and challenges will be highlighted so that more attention is provided to fully harness the potential of resilient and nutritious root crops in future emergency response interventions implemented by the government and humanitarian agencies.Item Sistemas alimentarios y productivos en la zona andina: agricultura, nutrición y generación de ingresos(Conference Paper, 2022) Ordinola, M.; Fonseca, C.; Maldonado, L.; Suarez, V.; Pradel, W.; Devaux, A.; Hareau, G.Item Innovación y Desarrollo de Mercados de Papas Nativas en el Perú(Conference Paper, 2021-10) Ordinola, M.En el Perú, la papa es el principal cultivo de la sierra y de los pequeños productores, para quienes es una importante fuente de ingresos y de nutrición. En las partes altas, por encima de los 3,500 m.s.n.m. se cultiva más de 2,500 variedades de papa nativa. El Proyecto INCOPA del Centro Internacional de la Papa (CIP), en alianza con más de 20 socios públicos y privados, intervino en este sector partiendo de la premisa básica de que la investigación y el desarrollo tienen que ir de la mano para obtener impactos efectivos a nivel de los pequeños productores y del sector papa en general. De manera operativa, desarrolló y aplicó el Enfoque Participativo de Cadenas Productivas (EPCP). Los resultados alcanzados incluyen: Innovaciones comerciales que se tradujeron en nuevos productos en el mercado; Innovaciones institucionales y normas legales que apoyaron la competitividad; Innovaciones tecnológicas con enfoque de demanda. El trabajo realizado ha contribuido a generar cambios a nivel micro (productores) y en el sector papa. Estudios específicos realizados indican que los productores incrementaron tanto sus rendimientos como los precios recibidos por la venta. A nivel sectorial, el consumo per cápita nacional de papa ha aumentado desde 65 a 85 kg en la última década; y los precios para la papa nativa se han incrementado en 55% en el mismo periodo, a pesar de haber aumentado la producción y el consumo per cápita. Los pequeños agricultores de la sierra peruana se han beneficiado significativamente de las innovaciones fomentadas por esta iniciativa, las políticas económicas favorables y el reciente boom gastronómico en el país.Item El papel actual y tendencias del rol de la papa en la alimentacion en America Latina y el mundo(Conference Paper, 2019-06) Devaux, AndréItem Innovación culinaria(Conference Paper, 2019-06) Thiele, Graham; Devaux, A.; Kawarazuka, NozomiItem Modelo fenológico de Bacctericera cockerelli para evaluar el riesgo de su propagacion utilizando la herramienta “Insect life cycle modelling” (ILCYM)(Conference Paper, 2019-06) Gamarra, H.Item Enfoque de sistemas alimentarios: ¿cómo cabe la papa en ello?(Conference Paper, 2019-06) Haan, Stef deItem Nuevas herramientas para mejorar los sistemas de semilla de raíces, tubérculos y bananas(Conference Paper, 2019-06) Andrade-Piedra, J.L.; McEwan, M.; Almekinders, Conny J.M.; Garrett, K.A.; Delaquis, Erik; Omondi, Bonaventure Aman Oduor; Kumar, P. LavaItem Business with social responsibility: Launch, growth and challenges of native andean potatoes(Conference Paper, 2019-06) Acosta, M.; Quevedo, R.; Montesdeoca, L.; Monteros, C.; Andrade-Piedra, J.L.Item Selección participativa de variedades/clones de papa con buen comportamiento agronómico y potencial de mercado con varios actores de la cadena de valor(Conference Paper, 2019-06) Monteros, C.; Ortega, D.; Camacho, J.; Quimbiamba, V.; Panchi, N.; Monar, C.; Cuesta, X.Item Determinación de los efectos en la reducción de costos e impacto ambiental en el control de tizón tardío mediante el uso de la herramienta de apoyo a la decisión para el manejo integrado de Phytophthora infestans(Conference Paper, 2019-06) Gómez, J.; Andrade-Piedra, J.L.; Taipe, A.; Velasco, C.Item Diversos actores, variedades, fuentes y transacciones en los sistemas de semilla de papa en Cotopaxi(Conference Paper, 2019-06) Navarrete, I.; Almekinders, Conny J.M.; López, V.; Borja, R.M.; Oyarzún, P.; Andrade-Piedra, J.L.; Struik, P.C.Item Historias de cambios destacables del proyecto CIP-FIDA-Andes en Ecuador(Conference Paper, 2019-06) Panchi, N.; Velasco, C.; Triveño, G.Item Developing and deploying non- and low-sweet sweetpotato cultivars for expanding markets(Conference Paper, 2019-09) Carey, E.E.; Swanckaert, J.; Dery, E.; Akansake, D.; Saaka, J.; Abidin, P.E.; Adofo, K.; Baafi, E.; Muzhingi, T.; David, M.; Low, Jan W.; Grüneberg, W.J.A major objective of breeding at the Sweetpotato Support Platform for West Africa in Ghana, is the development of non-sweet cultivars suitable for use as staple foods, or in fried and other processed products. This priority was set during stakeholder consultations when establishing the program, and is based on the opinion that sweetness constrains the potential for greater uptake and enhanced value-addition of sweetpotato in West Africa. Similar efforts are underway at the International Potato Center’s headquarters in Lima, Peru. Moreover, studies indicate that urban consumers in many countries are increasingly health conscious and are seeking out products with low sugar contents. Initial breeding efforts in Ghana focused on adaptation to the lowland tropical West African environments where sweetpotato virus disease pressure is high and rains can be uncertain. Populations include a range of flesh colors, including β-carotene-rich orange-fleshed, anthocyanin-rich purple-fleshed, and yellow- and white-fleshed genotypes, with generally high dry matter content (>30%). Consumer sensory panels conducted at the village level consistently rate the majority of advanced selections highly with respect to texture, taste, aroma and appearance, though these contain varying levels of sugars and perceived sweetness. Recent and current efforts focus on better characterizing non- and low-sweet selections, and developing strategies for their dissemination, particularly through urban market segments. Sugar content in cooked or processed sweetpotato is influenced by various factors, including the sugar content prior to cooking, the method of cooking, and the levels of amylase activity during cooking, which can significantly increase maltose levels. Storage interval can significantly influence sugar content and amylase activity. Elite, non-sweet genotypes with low or null β-amylase activity are present among released cultivars and advanced selections in Ghana, and have excellent quality both in steamed and fried forms. Marketing research efforts build on previous successful experiences promoting and marketing the orange-fleshed sweetpotato, and include branding these new quality types with a distinct name.Item The potential impact of orange-fleshed sweetpotatoes on vitamin A intake in Sub-Saharan Africa.(Conference Paper, 2001) Low, Jan W.; Walker, T.; Hijmans R.J.A recent ex ante impact assessment indicates that orangefleshed sweetpotatoes can make a major contribution to alleviating vitamin A malnutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa. Replacing the white-fleshed varieties now grown by farmers with new high ß-carotene cultivars that meet local preferences would benefit an estimated 50 million children under age 6 who are currently at risk. The majority of children in Burundi, Rwanda and Uganda would benefit, as would about half of the children in Tanzania. Children in Ethiopia, Kenya and South Africa would also be affected, though to a lesser degree. The study did not take into account the benefits of the new cultivars to pregnant and lactating women, a population whose health is also likely to improve from the availability of the new plant types. Vitamin A deficiency is a major public health problem throughout the region and is responsible for tens of thousands of deaths annually among young children.Item Awareness exposure and technology adoption: the case of orange-fleshed sweetpotato in West Africa.(Conference Paper, 2018-08) Adekambi, S.; Abidin, P.E.; Okello, J.J.; Carey, E.E.Commonly used innovation adoption models indirectly assume homogenous information flow across farmers, which is often not the case. For new and or not well known technologies such as Orange-fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP) varieties, awareness exposure plays an important role in farmers’ decision to adopt. OFSP varieties have been shown to be highly effective means of combating it at the community level because of its high pro-vitamin A content and its cost effectiveness as compared with fortification and supplementation. Significant efforts, including the implementation of the Jumpstarting Orange-fleshed Sweetpotato project, have been deployed over the last decade in West Africa to promote the production and consumption of OFSP. Observations in the project countries indicating that the usage rate of OFSP among the beneficiaries was extremely high, suggesting a significant link between awareness activities and adoption behavior. Using the counterfactual outcome framework from the modern evaluation approach on 345 and 381 sweetpotato farmers from Ghana and Nigeria respectively, we found that the OFSP adoption rates could have been up to 61 percent in Ghana and 42 percent in Nigeria in 2016 instead of the observed sample adoption rate of 51 and 33 percent if the whole population was exposed to the OFSP varieties. This suggests that there is potential for increasing dissemination rate among population. Our study has showed that the OFSP adoption is influenced by a number of factors, which vary between the study countries. This implies that actions to increase the adoption rate shouldn’t be “one size fits all solution” approach.Item Factors influencing the intensity of use of ICT tools by youth along agricultural value chains: Evidence from Busia County, Kenya.(Conference Paper, 2018-08) Katunyo, P.N.; Otieno, David Jakinda; Kosura, W.O.; Okello, J.J.Focus on youth has considerably increased throughout the developed and developing countries, especially within Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in recent times. Youth are generally considered as key drivers to development of an economy although they face challenges of unemployment. The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sector is one of the rapidly developing sectors in the developing world, with the young generation being presently engaged in use of new technologies. Information and communication technologies are beneficial in many sectors including agriculture, but there is less evidence of its use for agricultural purposes particularly by the youth. The desire to change the face of agriculture for youth to find it appealing has seen the need to assess the relevance of youth participation in agriculture and the integration of ICTs into the agricultural sector as a solution to youth migration and unemployment. This study analyzed the determinants of ICT usage in agricultural value chains among rural youth in Busia County, Kenya. A total of 213 young farmers were randomly selected and interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and Poisson regression model were applied in data analysis. Findings showed that; most youth are concentrated in the cereals, horticulture and livestock value chains. Youth’s participation using ICTs was mainly concentrated at the marketing level of the agricultural chain activities. Age, marital status, transport cost, distance to market, number of agricultural value chains, land size and access to extension services were found to be significant in explaining the intensity of use of ICTs for agricultural purposes. Interventions should be designed to focus on innovative technologies that are youth-friendly to enable youth effectively integrate ICTs in agricultural value chains.Item Effect of agriculture-nutrition education and extension services on early adoption and diffusion of biofortfied crops: The case of orange-fleshed sweetpotato in Kenya(Conference Paper, 2018-08) Okello, J.J.; Muoki, P.; Kwikiriza, N.; Wambaya, J.; Heck, S.Biofortification of crops as part of the effort to combat micronutrient deficiencies especially in developing countries gaining global recognition. Recent award of world food price to biofortification of staple crops has further energized efforts to promote the cultivation and consumption of biofortified crops. As part of the promotion efforts, some projects use intensive agriculture-nutrition education and extension to increase adoption of such crops by vulnerable households and their diffusion in local communities. This study used discrete choice regression analysis and data collected from households targeted by a project with one of the most intense agriculture-nutrition education and extension program to test the effect of such education and extension program on the adoption and diffusion of biofortfied crops. The study was conducted in western Kenya and involved 537 households with children under 5 years, a pregnant or lactating women. The study finds that intensive agriculture-nutrition education and extension programs adopted by some of the biofortification projects indeed increases the likelihood of adoption and diffusion of biofortified crops. It specifically finds that participation in events that offer practical education on the agronomy and preparation of foods from such crops, participation in mother-to-mother nutrition support platforms and nutrition-focused health talks affect adoption and diffusion of biofortified crops, but with varying degrees of importance. Among control factors, ability to conserve the planting material over dry period and household assets-endowments are important in both adoption and diffusion of biofortified crops. The paper discusses the implications of these findings.Item Farmers’ knowledge and management of potato late blight in Peruvian highlands: implications for an integrated disease management program(Conference Paper, 2018) Pérez, W.; Arias, R.; Barreto, M.; Sanabria, K.; Andrade-Piedra, J.L.Using a semi-structured questionnaire, 1198 Peruvian farmers were interviewed on their knowledge about late blight (LB) and its current management practices. Farmers overwhelmingly considered LB as the main foliar constraint in both potato growing areas. However, most farmers considered the interaction of a rainfall, sunny and foggy days as the cause of the disease and only few mentioned to a “fungi”. The main method to control LB is the use of fungicides, but some of them use insecticides, foliar fertilizers, hormones, and commercial leach. Commonly, the first fungicide spray is at plant emergence and then applications between 7 and 8 days. Fungicides based on cymoxanil and mancozeb were the most used in both areas, however, farmers mix until 5 pesticides at the same time. Over dosage or under dosage are common among farmers, which follow indications of pesticide sellers or use their own criteria. Farmers overwhelmingly no distinguished different levels of susceptibility among Peruvian potato varieties. To improve farmers’ capacities for better management of LB, is necessary to change pesticide-handling practices, promote the use of resistant varieties and use of other complementary control practices, through of an intensive, participatory training, which requires the support and involvement of key stakeholders, including agrochemicals companies, farmers, national and international R&D organizations, donors, governments, and NGOs.Item Aproximaciones ecologicas para el manejo de la mosca minadora Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard) en agroecosistemas de produccion de papa en el Peru.(Conference Paper, 2016) Mujica, N.La mosca minadora Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) es una plaga de importancia economica mundial. Su naturaleza polifaga combinada con una alta tasa de reproduccion y el rapido desarrollo de resistencia a los insecticidas ha contribuido a su exito como una especie invasora. El Centro Internacional de la Papa (CIP) busca alternativas mas seguras para sustituir los productos quimicos toxicos y prevee un impacto extensivo en la reduccion de la pobreza, la seguridad alimentaria, la salud humana y la proteccion del medio ambiente a traves del desarrollo y la adopcion de estrategias de Manejo lntegrado de Plagas (MIP). El objetivo del presente estudio fue ampliar y mejorar las estrategias de manejo integrado de L. huidobrensis con nuevos conocimientos y practicas ecologicas para reducir el impacto ambiental y economico entre los productores de papa. El enfoque ecologico MIP para la mosca minadora se basa en una comprension global de su distribucion y dinamica poblacional bajo diferentes escenarios agroecologicos del cultivo de papa, apoyados por el modelamiento fenologico de la plaga, las evaluaciones de perdida de rendimiento y el uso de umbrales de control para minimizar las aplicaciones de insecticidas, el manejo del habitat con especial consideracion del control biologico de conservacion y el uso de insecticidas selectivos para mejorar el control biologico natural. Nuestra investigacion intento aplicar y probar estos conceptos y principios ecologicos para el diseno, desarrollo e implementacion de estrategias MIP rentables para los agricultores y con menos riesgos ambientales y humanos; demostrando que las estrategias adecuadas de manejo en los de jovenes profesionales del campo en nuestro pais que juntas y liderados por el Dr. Cisneros sentaron las bases de este segundo hito. El Objetivo de esta presentacion es poner en relieve el enfasis sobre el legado que dejaron los entomologos pioneros de Manejo lntegrado de Plagas para el agro de nuestro pais y su proyeccion global. Con los trabajos pioneros de MIP en el Peru se hizo historia al establecer los hitos mencionados y se hace historia actualmente al ponerlos en practica y generar el impacto economico en el pais y globalmente. Los jovenes entomologos y profesionales del campo estan llamados a difundirlo para el beneficio de la agricultura en el Peru y en el mundo. Se abre asi una oportunidad de hacer un impacto con el legado de los pioneros del MIP y colocar la entomologia peruana en el justo sitial que le corresponde en el mundo.