Alliance Bioversity CIAT Journal Articles
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Item Making agricultural supply chains deliver better for women test(Journal Article, 2025-04-10) Joya, Fernanda Soto; Shijagurumayum, Meghajit Sharma; Wiegel, Jennifer Rebecca; Elias, Marlene; González, Silvia; Rodríguez-Fabilena, René; Licona, Andrea; Sánchez, Liliana; Rodríguez, Ivan; Sosa, ÍtaloItem test handle 1(Journal Article, 2019-11-12) Millner, Naomi; Peñagaricano, Irune; Fernandez, Maria; Snook, Laura K.Item An economic evaluation of an intensive silvo-pastoral system in San Martín, Peru(Journal Article, 2025-05-20) Junca Paredes, John Jairo; Durango Morales, Sandra Guisela; Burkart, StefanThe cattle sector plays a critical role in Peru’s agricultural economy, yet it faces challenges related to low productivity and environmental degradation. Sustainable alternatives like silvo-pastoral systems (SPSs) offer promising solutions to enhance both economic returns and ecological outcomes in cattle farming. This study examines the economic viability of an intensive SPS (SPSi) compared to traditional monoculture grass systems in San Martín, Peru. The SPSi under study is in the evaluation phase, integrates grasses, legumes, shrubs, and trees, and has the potential to enhance cattle farming profitability while simultaneously offering environmental benefits such as improved soil health and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. Through a discounted cash flow model over an eight-year period, key profitability indicators—Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Benefit–Cost Ratio (BC), and payback period—were estimated for four dual-purpose cattle production scenarios: a traditional system and three SPSi scenarios (pessimistic, moderate, and optimistic). Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to assess risk, ensuring robust results. The results show that the NPV for the traditional system was a modest USD 61, while SPSi scenarios ranged from USD 9564 to USD 20,465. The IRR improved from 8.17% in the traditional system to between 26.63% and 30.33% in SPSi scenarios, with a shorter payback period of 4.5 to 5.8 years, compared to 7.98 years in the traditional system. Additionally, the SPSi demonstrated a 30% increase in milk production and a 50% to 250% rise in stocking rates per hectare. The study recommends, subject to pending validations through field trials, promoting SPSi adoption through improved access to credit, technical assistance, and policy frameworks that compensate farmers for ecosystem services. Policymakers should also implement monitoring mechanisms to mitigate unintended consequences, such as deforestation, ensuring that SPSi expansion aligns with sustainable land management practices. Overall, the SPSi presents a viable solution for achieving economic resilience and environmental sustainability in Peru’s cattle sector.Item Updating high-resolution image dataset for the automatic classification of phenological stage and identification of racemes in Urochloa spp. hybrids with expanded images and annotations(Data Paper, 2025-04-28) Arrechea-Castillo, Darwin Alexis; Espitia-Buitrago, Paula; Florian-Vargas, David; Estupinan, Ronald David; Velázquez-Hernández, Riquelmer; Ruiz-Hurtado, Andres Felipe; Hernandez, Luis Miguel; Jauregui, Rosa Noemi; Cardoso, Juan AndresThis dataset is an expanded version of a previously published collection of high-resolution RGB images of Urochloa spp. genotypes, initially designed to facilitate automated classification of phenological stages and raceme identification in forage breeding trials. The original dataset included 2400 images of 200 genotypes captured under controlled conditions, supporting the development of computer vision models for High-Throughput Phenotyping (HTP). In this updated release, 139 additional images and 24,983 new annotations have been added, bringing the dataset to a total of 2539 images and 47,323 raceme annotations. This version introduces increased diversity in image-capture conditions, with data collected from two geographic locations (Palmira, Colombia, and Ocozocoautla de Espinosa, Mexico) and a range of image-capture devices, including smartphones (e.g. Realme C53 and Oppo Reno 11), a Nikon D5600 camera, and a Phantom 4 Pro V2 drone. Images now vary in perspective (nadir, high-angle, and frontal) and capture distance (1–3 meters), enhancing the dataset applicability for robust Deep Learning (DL) models. Compared to the original dataset, raceme density per plant has nearly doubled in some samples, offering higher raceme overlap for advanced instance segmentation tasks. This expanded dataset supports deeper exploration of phenotypic variation in Urochloa spp. and offers greater potential for developing adaptable models in crop phenotyping.Item A scoping review of the incentives for promoting the adoption of agroecological practices and outcomes among rice farmers in Vietnam(Journal Article, 2025-04-25) Ogutu, Sylvester; Mockshell, Jonathan; Minh, Thai; Remans, RoselineRecent research and development efforts to achieve sustainable rice production in Vietnam have incorporated agroecological principles and practices. These efforts have come as a result of increasing pressure on food systems to achieve global food security. Growing food demand, rising population, climate change, and natural resources degradation, make it necessary to transform the current production systems towards more sustainable models. Agroecology is being promoted as one of the pathways to transition toward sustainable food production, with broad adoption requiring incentives for farmers. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines, we conducted a scoping review of 120 articles to understand the incentives applied for promoting agroecological practices, whether and how the incentives promote the adoption of agroecological practices, and their relationship with economic, environmental, and social outcomes among rice farmers in Vietnam. Such in-depth reviews of the role of incentives in the agroecological transition are scarce. Results show that in about 60% of the articles, incentives led to adoption, outcomes (e.g., yield and income gains), or both, suggesting the importance and common use of incentives among rice farmers in Vietnam. Four types of incentives used were market, non-market, regulatory, and cross-compliance. These incentives directly or indirectly influenced outcomes through the adoption of agroecological practices. Market incentives (33%) were relatively more important for directly influencing outcomes, while non-market incentives (50%) were more important for indirectly influencing outcomes. Market, non-market, and regulatory incentives were more associated with the adoption of new agronomic practices, such as farm diversification, improved varieties, and organic agriculture than with other practices, while cross-compliance incentives were more highly associated with adoption of agroforestry. Generally, the incentives used were more associated with economic outcomes (56%), than with environmental (31%), and social (13%) outcomes. Overall, the results show that incentives influence outcomes differently, and a combination of different incentives is required to achieve holistic outcomes.Item Accelerating action towards net positive agriculture and food systems(Journal Article, 2023-01) Lomax, James; Pesce, Federica; Estrada Carmona, Natalia; Thallam, Vijay KumarSustainable food systems are essential to providing healthy and nutritious food while enhancing livelihoods and climate resilience for people and the planet. While there are many forms of agriculture that support food security, healthy diets, economic prosperity and the environment; unsustainable agricultural practices are also a key contributor to the triple planetary crisis of biodiversity loss, climate change, and pollution and waste. Responding to these challenges requires taking a systems-based approach that addresses these complexities in a holistic and sustainable manner. Building on the outcomes of the 2021 UN Food Systems Summit, which launched bold new actions for progress on all 17 SDGs through the development of national food systems pathways; in this paper we consider agricultural systems as an integral part of food systems and evaluate their contribution to sustainable development outcomes - specifically those that are biodiversity-friendly, climate-resilient, pollution-free and human-centered.Item Citizen science informs demand-driven breeding of opportunity crops(Journal Article, 2025-05-13) Voss, Rachel C.; De Sousa, Kaue; N'Danikou, Sognigbé; Shango, Abdul; Aglinglo, Lys Amavi; Laporte, Marie-Angelique; Legba, Eric C.; Houdegbe, Aristide Carlos; Diarra, Danfing dit Youssouf; Dolo, Aminata; Sidibe, Amadou; Ouedraogo, Colette Ouidyam; Coulibaly, Harouna; Achigan-Dako, Enoch G.; Kileo, Aishi; Malulu, Dickson; Matumbo, Zamira; Dinssa, Fekadu; van Heerwaarden, Joost; Van Etten, Jacob; Riar, Amritbir; van Zonneveld, MaartenItem Harnessing livestock water and pasture monitoring and early warning systems for anticipatory action to strengthen resilience of pastoral communities in Ethiopia: A qualitative multi-stakeholder analysis(Journal Article, 2025-05-11) Sintayehu, Alemayehu; Tegegne, Getachew; Dejene, Sintayehu Workeneh; Tesfaye, Lidya; Numery, Abdulhamid; Girvetz, EvanEthiopian pastoralist communities are facing a recurrent drought crisis that significantly affects the availability of water and pasture resources for communities dependent on livestock. The increasing intensity, duration and frequency of droughts in the pastoral community in Ethiopia have drawn the attention of multiple stakeholders and increased stakeholder debates on the role of early warning systems (EWSs) for anticipatory action to build climate resilience in the pastoral community. The Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), in collaboration with various partners, has developed an interactive web-based digital EWS to provide near real-time information on water and pasture conditions in pastoral and agro-pastoral regions of Ethiopia. In this study, a stakeholder analysis was conducted to identify key stakeholders, understand stakeholder needs, and facilitate collaboration towards sustaining the EWS. The stakeholder analysis revealed the roles and information needs of key actors engaged in livestock water and pasture monitoring and early warning systems aimed at improving the pastoral communities’ resilience. The analysis showed a pressing need for access to real-time information on water and pasture availability and seasonal climate forecasts by local communities for effective and optimal resources management. Local and national governments need similar data for evidence-based decision-making in resource allocation and policy development. International and non-governmental organizations (INGOs) require the same information for efficient humanitarian responses and targeted development interventions. The private sector seeks insights into market dynamics to better align production strategies with community needs. An EWS serves as a vital tool for development partners, facilitating improved planning, coordination, and impact assessment. It also emphasizes the importance of proactive collaboration among stakeholders, including local communities, government bodies, INGOs, and academic and research institutions. Enhanced communication strategies, such as partnerships with local media, are essential for timely information dissemination. Ultimately, sustained collaboration and adaptive strategies are crucial for optimizing the impact of an EWS towards improving the livelihoods and resilience of pastoral communities amid climate variability.Item Unveiling pervasive assumptions: moving beyond the poverty-biodiversity loss association in conservation(Journal Article, 2025-05-08) Carmenta, Rachel; Lima, Mairon G. Bastos; Zaehringer, Julie G.; Vira, Bhaskar; Turnhout, Esther; Reed, James; Pettorelli, Nathalie; Pascual, Unai; Martin, Adria; Lees, Alexander; Killick, Evan; Nana, Eric; Kallis, Giorgos; Hicks, Christina; Estrada-Carmona, Natalia; Dawson, Neil; Choiruzzad, Shofwan A.B.; Barlow, JosItem BrRacemeCounter: An AI-based desktop tool for counting racemes in Urochloa spp.(Journal Article, 2025-05-08) Arrechea-Castillo, Darwin Alexis; Espitia-Buitrago, Paula; Arboleda, Ronald David; Gallego-Muñoz, Ana Marcela; Moreno-Domínguez, Valeria; Gaviria-Valencia, Juan Manuel; Bravo, Valeria Andrea; Ruiz-Hurtado, Andres Felipe; Jauregui, Rosa Noemi; Cardoso, Juan AndresSeed yield prediction in forage plants involves the detection and counting of individual racemes that comprise an inflorescence. However, this task is labor-intensive to perform manually across large numbers of plants and overly complex for classical machine learning techniques due to challenges such as high raceme overlap, large variations in raceme numbers per image and spectral signature similarities between the racemes and the vegetative parts of the plant. To address these challenges, a deep learning-based desktop tool was implemented to count individual racemes in RGB images of Urochloa genotypes, showing different phenological stages and wide variation in number of racemes per plant.Item Tracer distribution in legume roots and soluble rhizodeposits over a few weeks after a triple isotope (13C, 15N, 33P) labeling(Journal Article, 2025-02-19) Stevenel, Pierre; Abiven, Samuel; Frossard, Emmanuel; Idupulapati, Rao; Tamburini, Federica; Oberson, AstridBelowground carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) inputs by plants via roots and rhizodeposition are key drivers of these elements cycling in soils. Tracing and quantification of rhizodeposition using isotope enrichment techniques is based on assumptions that have not simultaneously been tested for C, N and P. Our objectives were: (i) to compare the elemental and isotopic composition (IC) of roots and soluble rhizodeposits for C, N and P; and (ii) to compare the IC of root segments of different ages to assess the homogeneity of root system labeling. Methods: The legume Canavalia brasiliensis was grown in sand and labeled with 13 C, 15 N and 33 P by using a novel tri-isotope method in two different experiments lasting two (percolate collection) and three weeks (root observation) after labeling. Results: Soluble rhizodeposits were less isotope enriched than roots at each time point, and each element showed a different course over time. The 13 C: 15 N and 13 C: 33 P ratios of rhizodeposits were higher shortly after labeling than at later samplings, highlighting faster transfer of 13 C than 15 N and 33 P into rhizodeposits. Phosphorus fertilizer increased the difference between IC of P in roots and rhizodeposits. Youngest root segments were more isotopically enriched than older segments, again with element specific time course, showing that root segments of different ages differ in IC. Conclusion: Assumptions underlying the quantification of rhizodeposition are not met. Temporal and spatial differences in IC of roots and soluble rhizodeposits are element specific, which needs to be considered in stoichiometric studies.Item Biotechnical, economic, and environmental assessment of dairy systems in the Peruvian Amazon utilizing the CLEANED tool(Journal Article, 2025-01-22) Irigoin, Victor; Pizarro, Dante; Fuentes, Eduardo; García, Carlos; Wattiaux, Michel; Picasso, Valentín; Arango, Jacobo; Romero, Gelver; Gómez-Bravo, CarlosSilvopastoral systems have been proposed as a sustainable alternative for climate change mitigation, but quantitative information comparing with other systems is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the biotechnical, economic, and environmental impacts of conventional dairy production systems (CPS) and silvopastoral systems (SPS) in San Martin, Peru, using the CLEANED modeling tool. Notably, CLEANED does not explicitly model tree presence on farms. However, after downloading the tool, it was possible to model and precompute each farm’s characteristics based on input data, considering the exploitation mode outside the tool’s standard scope. This adaptation represents a significant contribution, showcasing how CLEANED can be tailored to evaluate SPS effectively. The analysis focused on methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, water use per kg of product, changes in carbon storage, and economic performance. Silvopastoral systems had 3.63 kg CO2-eq/kg fat and protein-corrected milk (FPCM) lower emissions for CH4, 0.28 kg CO2 eq/kg FPCM lower for N2O, reduced water consumption (24 m3/kg protein produced) (P < 0.05), and higher carbon storage (3.48 t CO2-eq/ha/year) (P < 0.05) than CPS. Conventional systems derived 85% of income from milk sales, while SPS generated 70% from milk, with additional income from live animal sales (20%), wood (6%), firewood (3%), and other activities (1%). Silvopastoral systems were more profitable ($493/farm/month) than CPS ($247/farm/month). The study concluded that SPS are more sustainable due to better water use efficiency, higher profitability, and lower GHG emissions, recommending their broader adoption to increase profits and reduce environmental impacts.Item Comparative assessment of soil bulk density measurements using core metal ring and power probe methods in acidic soils of Colombian pasturelands(Journal Article, 2025-05-06) Rodriguez, Leonardo; Bastidas, Mike; Da Silva, Mayesse; Arias, Juliana; Martin Lopez, Javier Mauricio; Matiz Rubio, Natalia; Loaiza, Sandra; Idupulapati, Rao; Arango, Jacobo; Costa Junior, CiniroAccurate and cost-effective soil bulk density (BD) measurements are crucial for robust climate mitigation and adaptation strategies by ensuring reliable estimation of key soil properties, such as soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the power probe method compared to the traditional core metal ring method (reference method) for measuring BD in acidic soils (Oxisols and Ultisols) in Colombia. Soil samples were collected from eight locations at soil depths of up to 1 meter, with fine fraction content ranging from 29% to 57% silt and 31% to 41% clay, covering two land uses: natural savanna (n=2) and planted pastures (n=6) (Urochloa humidicola cv. Tully). We found minimal differences between the use of metal ring and probe methods for BD measurements, indicating that both methods generate similar results. Out of 32 observations, only four showed significant differences at specific soil depths with varying silt or clay content. While the probe method showed higher variability, particularly in the 0–10 cm and 50–100 cm layers, which is likely due to soil compaction or stretching, it offers significant advantages in terms of cost reduction and improved work efficiency. While further validation is recommended for use in different soil types and conditions, particularly in clay-rich soils, integrating the use of power probe method in soil assessments can significantly enhance the efficiency of BD measurements. This is particularly relevant to support agricultural and SOC management initiatives while streamlining monitoring efforts for climate finance, where reliable, efficient, and cost-effective soil measurements are crucial.Item Mapping peatland distribution and quantifying peatland below‐ground carbon stocks in Colombia's Eastern Lowlands(Journal Article, 2025-04-15) Uhde, A.; Hoyt, A. M.; Hess, L.; Schmullius, C.; Mendoza, E.; Benavides, J. C.; Trumbore, S.; Martin-Lopez, Javier Mauricio; Skillings‐Neira, P. N.; Winton, R. S.The extent and distribution of tropical peatlands, and their importance as a vulnerable carbon (C) store, remain poorly quantified. Although large peatland complexes in Peru, the Congo basin, and Southeast Asia have been mapped in detail, information on many other tropical areas is uncertain. In the Eastern Colombian lowlands, peatland area estimates range from 700 km 2 to nearly 60,000 km 2, leading to highly uncertain C stocks. Using new field data, high‐resolution Earth observation (EO), and a random forest approach, we mapped peatlands across Colombian territory East of the Andes below 400 m elevation. We estimated peatland extent using two approaches: a conservative method focused on medium‐to‐high peat probability areas and a more inclusive one accounting for large low‐probability areas. Multiplying these extents by below‐ground carbon density yields a conservative estimate of 0.95 (0.6–1.39 Pg C, 95% confidence interval) over 9,391 km 2 (7,369–11,549 km 2 ) and up to 2.86 Pg C (1.76–4.22 Pg C) across 29,069 km 2 (22,429–36,238 km 2 ). Among four potentially peat‐forming ecosystems identified, palm swamps and floodplain forests contributed most to the peat extent and C stock. We found that most peatland patches were relatively small, covering less than 100 ha. We compared our map to previously published global and pan‐tropical peat maps and found low spatial overlap among them, suggesting that peat maps uninformed by local field information may not precisely specify which landscape areas within a peatland‐rich region are actually peatlands. We further assessed the suitability of different EO and climate variables, highlighting the need for high‐resolution data to capture local heterogeneities in the landscape.Item Identifying critical incentives for scaling out the adoption of agroecological practices–a systematic review of Peruvian cacao value chains(Journal Article, 2025-05-02) Mockshell, Jonathan; Omulo, Godfrey; Asante-Addo, Collins; Nielsen Ritter, Thea; Quintero, Marcela; Remans, RoselineThe growing global importance of agroecology highlights the pivotal role public and private sectors play in providing incentives and investments to catalyze behavioural changes and transform food systems. However, limited research exists on incentives for scaling agroecological practices in cacao value chains. This study employed a systematic review approach, focusing on Peruvian cacao sector, to explore incentives promoting agroecological practices and their sustainability outcomes. Findings reveal that within Peru’s cacao value chains, non-market incentives constitute the majority (36%), followed by regulatory measures (25%), market-based incentives (22%), and cross-compliance incentives (17%). Main providers of incentives include certification bodies, community-based organizations, and international funding organizations. Effective incentives include sustainability standards, market support subsidies, in-kind rewards, and agroecological schemes that support the adoption of practices such as intercropping, nature conservation for carbon sequestration, and the use of green and animal manure. These incentives have significantly improved sustainability outcomes: economic (39%), environmental (33%), and social (28%). However, limited use of cross-compliance incentives and modest emphasis on social outcomes highlight the need for policy instruments targeting the adoption of agroecological practices within cacao sector. This study provides insights for policymakers, development agencies, and private-sector to design effective incentives for advancing agroecological transitions in Peru and beyond.Item A simple model for predicting agronomy floods in rice fields in Bicol, Philippines(Manuscript-unpublished, 2025-02-04) Wei, Xiaojing; Balanza Girly, Jane; Raviz, Jeny; Castillo, Rowena; Baradas, Airene; Laborte, AliceClimate change is expected to intensify the impacts of flood events on agricultural production, particularly in flood-prone regions like the Philippines, where rice farming is heavily affected by frequent typhoons. Flood forecasting and early warning systems can aid in mitigating these risks; however, the insufficient coverage of hydrometric monitoring stations and limited computational resources can be barriers for developing countries. Remote sensing technology offers a promising solution to bridge these gaps, providing critical hydrometric data and enabling more accessible flood prediction models. Leveraging high-spatial resolution, remote sensing-based flood extent data specifically developed for rice fields, we explore the possibility of predicting agronomical flood extent in the Bicol region of the Philippines using a series of simple logistic regression models with different lookback windows. The model predictors only included rainfall at two spatial scales and flow accumulation. The best-performed model, with three-day lookback window, captured 65% of variation in flooding among events. However, the best model did not predict well the variation in flooding within basins, nor did it account for the heterogeneity in the response of flooding to rainfall among basins. We suggested several avenues for improving the model, including incorporating basin characteristics and additional predictors for better capture variation in flooding within and among basins.Item Understanding smallholder decision‐making to increase farm tree diversity: Enablers and barriers for forest landscape restoration in Western Kenya(Journal Article, 2025-01-27) Bosshard, Ennia; Carter, Harrison; Aluso, Lillian Olimba; Chumba, Reuben; Kaiser-Bunbury, Christopher N.; Kettle, Chris J.; Nuno, AnaAbstract Integrating diverse trees and shrubs (hereafter ‘trees’) in agricultural landscapes has emerged as a crucial nature‐based solution to the triple challenge of biodiversity loss, climate change and food security. The potential benefits of on‐farm trees for both people and nature, however, are often constrained by inadequate consideration of local socio‐ecological factors and an overall lack of species diversity. A deeper understanding of what drives farmers' decision‐making in diversifying farm trees is needed to ensure that scaling up tree‐based restoration efforts in smallholder landscapes delivers the promised benefits locally and globally. We conducted surveys with 620 smallholder farmers across Vihiga County in Western Kenya using an extended version of the Theory of Planned Behaviour to investigate potential drivers of smallholder intentions to grow more diverse woody plants on their farms. Data was analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). We found that farmers were more likely to diversify on‐farm trees if they had completed education beyond secondary school, derived all their income from their farms, were household heads and were among the wealthiest 20% of farmers. Our results revealed that farmers' decisions about increasing tree diversity were also influenced by socio‐psychological factors, namely their past experiences, the perceived behaviour and opinions of other farmers, their confidence in their ability to increase tree diversity, and their attitudes toward the expected outcomes of growing a wider range of tree species. Key barriers preventing farmers from diversifying were concerns about attracting harmful wildlife, decreasing soil fertility, small farm sizes, lack of time and knowledge, and certain cultural beliefs about planting trees. Synthesis and applications . Understanding the factors influencing farmers' intentions to increase tree diversity on their farms has substantial implications for the success of nature‐based solutions in Western Kenya and other densely populated smallholder landscapes. Addressing the identified barriers and enablers is crucial to design targeted interventions to promote sustainable tree diversification practices among smallholders to bolster local livelihoods and food security while contributing to biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.Item Conventional and organic farms with more intensive management have lower soil functionality.(Journal Article, 2025-04-24) van Rijssel, Sophie Q.; Koorneef, Guusje J.; Veen, G. F. (Ciska); Pulleman, Mirjam; de Goede, Ron G. M.; Comans, Rob N.J.; van der Putten, Wim H.; Mason-Jones, KyleOrganic farming is often considered to be more sustainable than conventional farming. However, both farming systems comprise highly variable management practices. In this study, we show that in organic and conventional arable fields, the multifunctionality of soils decreases with increasing agricultural management intensity. Soil organic carbon content and bacterial biomass, respectively, were the strongest abiotic and biotic predictors of soil multifunctionality. Greater soil multifunctionality was associated with less-frequent inversion tillage and higher frequency of grass-legume cover cropping, and organic farming did not outperform conventional farming. Our results suggest that reducing management intensity will enhance soil multifunctionality in both conventional and organic farming. This implies that, in contexts where high-yielding, high-intensity agriculture prevails, the paradigm of sustainable intensification should be replaced by "productive deintensification."Item Development of DNA markers for assisted selection of cassava resistant to cassava mosaic disease CMD(Journal Article, 2025-01-01) Tokunaga, Hiroki; Nhan, Pham Thi; Huong, Pham Thi; Anh, Nguyen Hai; Huong, Le Thi Mai; Hoa, Truong Minh; Trang, Nguyen Thi Huyen; Tung, Nguyen Ba; Thuy, Cu Thi Le; Zhang, Xiaofei; Seki, Motoaki; Ham, Le HuyCassava is an important staple crop in tropical and subtropical regions. Cassava mosaic disease (CMD) is one of the most dangerous diseases affecting cassava production in Africa. Since the first reported in Southeast Asia in 2015, the CMD prevalence has become a concern in Southeast Asia. To combat it, CMD resistance has been introduced from African cassava into Asian elite cultivars. However, efficient DNA markers for the selection of CMD resistance are not available. The CMD2 locus confers resistance to African cassava mosaic virus via non-synonymous substitutions in the DNA polymerase δ subunit 1 gene (MePOLD1). Here, we developed DNA markers to identify the mutations providing the resistance. We examined the association between the resistance score in CMD-infected fields and the genotypes of hybrids of CMD-resistant and ‑susceptible Asian lines. Our study provides powerful tools to the global cassava breeding community for selecting CMD resistant cassava.Item Genetic databases in the era of ‘DSI’ benefit-sharing(Journal Article, 2025-04-17) Rouard, Mathieu; Scholz, Amber Hartman; Halewood, MichaelGenetic databases drive research by enabling open access. Recently, parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity agreed on new rules for sharing benefits from the use of digital sequence information (DSI) which upholds open access, and also imposed new requirements for data depositors, database managers, and users.