CGIAR Initiative on Sustainable Healthy Diets

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/117907

Part of the CGIAR Action Area on Systems Transformation

Primary CGIAR impact area: Nutrition, health and food security

https://www.cgiar.org/initiative/sustainable-healthy-diets/

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The effect of prenatal balanced energy and protein supplementation on gestational weight gain: An individual participant data meta-analysis in low- and middle-income countries
(Journal Article, 2025) Wang, Dongqing; Partap, Uttara; Liu, Enju; Costa, Janaína Calu; Cliffer, Ilana R.; Wang, Molin; Nookala, Sudeer Kumar; Subramoney, Vishak; Briggs, Brittany; Ahmed, Imran; Argaw, Alemayehu; Ariff, Shabina; Bhandari, Nita; Chowdhury, Ranadip; Erchick, Daniel; García-Guerra, Armando; Ghaffarpour, Masoumah; Hanley-Cook, Giles; Huybregts, Lieven; Jehan, Fyezah; Kaseb, Fatemeh; Krebs, Nancy F.; Lachat, Carl; Lama, Tsering Pema; Manandhar, Dharma S.; McClure, Elizabeth M.; Moore, Sophie E.; Muhammad, Ameer; Neufeld, Lynnette M.; Prentice, Andrew M.; Quezada-Sánchez, Amado D.; Roberfroid, Dominique; Saville, Naomi M.; Shafiq, Yasir; Shrestha, Bhim P.; Sonko, Bakary; Soofi, Sajid; Taneja, Sunita; Tielsch, James M.; Toe, Laéticia Céline; Valaei, Naser; Fawzi, Wafaie W.
Background Understanding the effects of balanced energy and protein (BEP) supplements on gestational weight gain (GWG) and how the effects differ depending on maternal characteristics and the nutritional composition of the supplements will inform the implementation of prenatal BEP interventions. Methods and findings Individual participant data from 11 randomized controlled trials of prenatal BEP supplements (N = 12,549, with 5,693 in the BEP arm and 6,856 in the comparison arm) in low- and middle-income countries were used. The primary outcomes included GWG adequacy (%) and the estimated total GWG at delivery as continuous outcomes, and severely inadequate (<70% adequacy), inadequate GWG (<90% adequacy), and excessive GWG (>125% adequacy) as binary outcomes; all variables were calculated based on the Institute of Medicine recommendations. Linear and log-binomial models were used to estimate study-specific mean differences or risk ratios (RRs), respectively, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the effects of prenatal BEP on the GWG outcomes. The study-specific estimates were pooled using meta-analyses. Subgroup analyses were conducted by individual characteristics. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were conducted for study-level characteristics. Compared to the comparison group, prenatal BEP led to a 6% greater GWG percent adequacy (95% CI: 2.18, 9.56; p = 0.002), a 0.59 kg greater estimated total GWG at delivery (95% CI, 0.12, 1.05; p = 0.014), a 10% lower risk of severely inadequate GWG (RR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.83, 0.99; p = 0.025), and a 7% lower risk of inadequate GWG (RR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.89, 0.97; p = 0.001). The effects of prenatal BEP on GWG outcomes were stronger in studies with a targeted approach, where BEP supplements were provided to participants in the intervention arm under specific criteria such as low body mass index or low GWG, compared to studies with an untargeted approach, where BEP supplements were provided to all participants allocated to the intervention arm. Conclusions Prenatal BEP supplements are effective in increasing GWG and reducing the risk of inadequate weight gain during pregnancy. BEP supplementation targeted toward pregnant women with undernutrition may be a promising approach to delivering the supplements.
The effects of prenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation and small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplementation on small vulnerable newborn types in low-income and middle-income countries: A meta-analysis of individual participant data
(Journal Article, 2025-02) Wang, Dongqing; Liu, Enju; Perumal, Nandita; Partap, Uttara; Cliffer, Ilana R.; Costa, Janaína Calu; Wang, Molin; Fawzi, Wafaie W.; Adu-Afarwuah, Seth; Ashorn, Per; Ashorn, Ulla; Mridha, Malay Kanti; Arifeen, Shams; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Cheng, Yue; Christian, Parul; Costello, Anthony M.; Dewey, Kathryn G.; Friis, Henrik; Gomo, Exnevia; Grais, Rebecca; Guindo, Ousmane; Krebs, Nancy F.; Huybregts, Lieven; Isanaka, Sheila; Lachat, Carl; Lartey, Anna; LeClerq, Steven C.; Maleta, Kenneth; Manandhar, Dharma S.; Martorell, Reynaldo; Matias, Susana L.; McClure, Elizabeth M.; Moore, Sophie E.; Osrin, David; Urassa, Willy; Pembe, Andrea B.; Prentice, Andrew M.; Ramakrishnan, Usha; Rivera, Juan; Rizvi, Arjumand; Roberfroid, Dominique; Shamim, Abu Ahmed; Soofi, Sajid; Schulze, Kerry; West Jr., Keith P.; Wu, Lee; Zeng, Lingxia; Zhu, Zhonghai
Background Small vulnerable newborn types, defined by combinations of being born too soon or too small, have distinct determinants and health consequences. We aimed to assess the effects of prenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation (MMS) and small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplementation (SQ-LNS) on small vulnerable newborn types, which are currently unknown. Methods In this meta-analysis, individual participant data from randomised controlled trials of MMS and randomised controlled trials of SQ-LNS in low-income and middle-income countries were used. We systematically searched the literature using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science to identify randomised controlled trials of prenatal nutritional supplementation using MMS or SQ-LNS among pregnant people published between Jan 1, 2000, and Dec 31, 2021. Studies were excluded if they were conducted exclusively among participants selected by pre-existing health conditions, such as anaemia status, HIV infection, or diabetes. We contacted the corresponding authors of all identified studies to seek data contribution. As individual participant data became available, we mapped relevant variables and harmonised the data across studies. Iron and folic acid supplementation was the control group in most studies. Newborns were classified into ten groups through the combinations of preterm or term birth, small, appropriate, and large for gestational age, and low birthweight (LBW) or non-LBW. Newborns were also analysed using a four-group categorisation of preterm or term and LBW or non-LBW. Log-binomial models were used to estimate study-specific risk ratios (RRs), which were pooled using meta-analyses. Findings 14 randomised controlled trials of MMS (n=42 618; the mean maternal age at study enrolment was 24·3 years [SD 5.6]; 22 086 [51·8%] male neonates and 20 532 [48·2%] female neonates) and four randomised controlled trials of SQ-LNS (n=6246; the mean maternal age at study enrolment was 23·3 years [SD 5·3]; 3137 [50·2%] male neonates and 3109 [49·8%] female neonates) were used. In the ten-group categorisation of small vulnerable newborns, prenatal MMS reduced the risk of preterm–small for gestational age (SGA)–LBW (RR 0·73, 95% CI 0·64–0·84; p=0·0003); preterm–appropriate for gestational age (AGA)–LBW (0·82, 0·74–0·91; p=0·0010); preterm–AGA–non-LBW (0·89, 0·80–0·98; p=0·019); term–SGA–LBW (0·91, 0·85–0·96; p=0·0046); and term–SGA–non-LBW (0·95, 0·90–1·00; p=0·050). In the four-group categorisation, prenatal MMS reduced the risk of preterm–SGA (0·71, 0·62–0·82; p=0·0002) and term–SGA (0·93, 0·89–0·98; p=0·0066). Prenatal SQ-LNS had no significant effects on the risk of giving birth to small vulnerable newborns except for preterm–large for gestational age–non-LBW in the ten-group categorisation (0·78, 0·65–0·94; p=0·023). Interpretation Prenatal MMS and SQ-LNS reduce the risk of giving birth to small vulnerable newborns to varying extents, with the greatest magnitude of effects observed for small vulnerable newborn types that confer the greatest neonatal mortality risk. This study underscores the importance of nutritional supplements in prenatal care.
Etude de cas sur l’alimentation scolaire : Bénin.
(Working Paper, 2024-09) Amoussa Hounkpatin, Waliou; Fanou Fogny, Nadia; Bodjrenou, Sam; Koukou, Elie; Sossou, Cyrus; Assogba, Elvire; Houndolo, Melina; Tossou, Wilfried; Boyiako, Bernadette; Ainin, Abiola; Saroumi, Yvon
Demand and supply of nutritious foods in rural Ethiopia: A choice experiment with consumers and vendors
(Working Paper, 2024-12) Onyango, Kevin; Wanyama, Rosina; Maina, Kevin; Teferi, Ermias; Lundy, Mark; Chege, Christine Kiria
Pathways to resilient dryland food systems in Africa: Strategic and tactical choices for accelerated impacts
(Report, 2024) Marenya, Paswel P.; Narmandakh, Davaatseren; Kirui, Leonard; Odhong, Jonathan A.; Sanni Abdulrahman; Aboudoulaye, Soule B.; Adam, Mamadou; Alex, Gerald; Belko, Marème N.; Bett, Charles; Dembele, Bandiougou; Derik, Sakatali P.; De Pee, Eric; Diatta, Cyril; Faye, Ndeye F.; Gichuru, Lilian; Kone, Bouréma; Kazombo, Samson F.M.; Kisilu, Rachael; Mchau, Devotha; Martey, Edward; Mbulwe, Lloyd; Ndubi, Jerika M.; Templer, Noel A.; Ouédraogo, Nofou; Opie, Hellen; Puozaa, Doris K.; Reoungel, Djinodji; Salegua, Venancio; Sawadogo-Compaoré, Eveline; Sime, Mekonnen; Zemedu, Lemma
Africa’s drylands form vital food systems, supporting a significant portion of its population and agricultural activity. However, they face persistent challenges with low productivity, limited market integration, and acute vulnerability to climate shocks. These issues contribute to structural poverty and high rates of undernourishment, highlighting the need for investments to improve rural incomes, enhance resilience, and foster economic growth.
Front-of-pack labels and young consumers: An experimental investigation of nutrition and sustainability claims in Chile
(Journal Article, 2025-06) Fretes, Gabriela; Wilson, Norbert L.W.; Corvalan, Camila; Economos, Christina D.; Cash, Sean B.
Socio-economic, environmental and health impacts of dietary transformation in Bangladesh
(Journal Article, 2025-01) de Lange, Thijs; van Dijk, Michiel; Kuiper, Marijke; van Zeist, Willem-Jan; Bartelings, Heleen; Mizan, Arefin
The transition to healthier diets might be accompanied by trade-offs that occur in other parts of the food system. In this study the trade-offs between socio-economic, environmental, and health indicators were analyzed in different dietary scenarios for Bangladesh between 2022 and 2050. We used a global economic simulation model with updated national food consumption data, extended with a footprint module to track environmental impacts through the food value chain in Bangladesh and its trading partners. This study compares a business-as-usual (BAU) diet with the EAT-Lancet diet and the Bangladesh food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs). The BAU diet has a higher intake of animal products and sugar, and a lower intake of vegetables, fruits, legumes, and nuts than the EAT-Lancet and FBDG diets. We found that promoting a diet with more plant-based proteins has a strong positive impact on dietary health and an overall positive impact on the environment compared to the BAU scenario. This is due to the reduced impact of animal protein production on greenhouse gas emissions and the reduced impact of rice production on water use and nitrogen application. In addition, the transition to sustainable and healthy diets had minor impacts on the wages of low-skilled workers, Bangladesh's self-sufficiency, and the affordability of food and cereals. In particular, the FDBG diet scenario scored best on diet and cereal affordability, as well as freshwater use compared to the other two scenarios. The decrease in the self-sufficiency ratio was comparable to the BAU diet scenario and smaller compared to the EAT-Lancet diet.
Characterizing dryland crop-based livelihoods: Insights from surveys in Kenya and Uganda
(Report, 2024) Narmandakh, Davaatseren; Kirui, Leonard; Marenya, Paswel; Chipindu, Lovemore; Bett, Charles; Opie, Hellen
This report examines food security and farming systems among sorghum and millet cultivators in Kenya and Uganda, based on a survey of 2,701 households conducted in May–June 2023. The study reveals high rates of food insecurity (measured as food poverty) among these farmers, 53.2% in Kenya and 78.1% in Uganda, exceeding national averages. Cereals provide the majority of calories and dietary diversity is limited, with about half of the households surveyed consuming fewer than five food groups daily. The analysis shows that sorghum and millet farming is characterized by low use of inputs, limited market participation, and significant production challenges from drought, pests, and diseases. Farmers operate with minimal farm expenditures (US $23.20–81.00 in Kenya and $12.40–15.07 in Uganda annually), and adoption of improved varieties remains low except in Eastern Kenya. Using decision tree analysis, the study identifies key determinants of food insecurity, including household size, education levels, land holdings, and crop diversification. The findings suggest that targeted interventions that take into consideration farming system characteristics, market access, and household demographics are crucial for improving food security among dryland cereal farmers in East Africa
Child growth and development in rural Papua New Guinea
(Infographic, 2025-01-22) Mukerjee, Rishabh; Schmidt, Emily
Balfate: Perfil del sistema alimentario
(Report, 2024-12) Rankin, Sara; Martinez, Oscar; Wiegel, Jenny
El presente documento es uno de varios perfiles municipales de sistema alimentario que fueron elaborados en Honduras con la financiación de la Iniciativa de Investigación del CGIAR sobre Dietas Saludables Sostenibles a través de la Transformación de los Sistemas Alimentarios (SHiFT, por sus siglas en inglés), y en el marco del Proyecto de inclusión económica y social de pequeños productores rurales en la región noreste de Honduras (PROINORTE), financiado por el Fondo Internacional de Desarrollo Agrícola (FIDA) y ejecutado por la Secretaría de Agricultura y Ganadería (SAG) de Honduras. Los perfiles municipales del sistema alimentario son una herramienta que busca facilitar que las principales partes interesadas en los sistemas alimentarios tomen decisiones más informadas y fundamentadas para frenar los impactos negativos que se están generando actualmente, como la malnutrición, la pérdida y el desperdicio de alimentos o las altas huellas ambientales; y así mismo, mejorar la sostenibilidad del sistema alimentario, de modo que genere beneficios sociales, económicos y ambientales amplios y compartidos para toda la sociedad.
Cómo construir perfiles municipales del sistema alimentario: Metodología
(Manual, 2024-12) Rankin, Sara; Wiegel, Jenny; Martinez, Oscar
Esta metodología de construcción de perfiles municipales busca plantear un término medio en cuanto a la cantidad de indicadores para caracterizar un sistema alimentario y, a la vez, adaptar los enfoques planteados para la caracterización de sistemas alimentarios a nivel nacional para que puedan aplicarse en un contexto municipal e informar la acción a nivel local. La metodología plantea un protocolo claro, transparente y reproducible, de modo que la comparación entre municipios sea posible. Pretende aprovechar datos secundarios existentes a nivel municipal, combinándolos con información de actores clave. La metodología también plantea un proceso participativo que involucra a los principales actores del sistema alimentario en el municipio, a fin de que sean ellos quienes interpretan y utilizan los resultados para tomar decisiones y emprender acciones transformativas a nivel local. El producto final, que adopta la forma de un perfil municipal del sistema alimentario, ofrece una herramienta para facilitar que las principales partes interesadas en los sistemas alimentarios tengan una visión compartida del estado actual, y tomen decisiones más informadas y fundamentadas.
Gualaco: Perfil del sistema alimentario
(Report, 2024-12) Rankin, Sara; Martinez, Oscar; Wiegel, Jenny
El presente documento es uno de varios perfiles municipales de sistema alimentario que fueron elaborados en Honduras con la financiación de la Iniciativa de Investigación del CGIAR sobre Dietas Saludables Sostenibles a través de la Transformación de los Sistemas Alimentarios (SHiFT, por sus siglas en inglés), y en el marco del Proyecto de inclusión económica y social de pequeños productores rurales en la región noreste de Honduras (PROINORTE), financiado por el Fondo Internacional de Desarrollo Agrícola (FIDA) y ejecutado por la Secretaría de Agricultura y Ganadería (SAG) de Honduras. Los perfiles municipales del sistema alimentario son una herramienta que busca facilitar que las principales partes interesadas en los sistemas alimentarios tomen decisiones más informadas y fundamentadas para frenar los impactos negativos que se están generando actualmente, como la malnutrición, la pérdida y el desperdicio de alimentos o las altas huellas ambientales; y así mismo, mejorar la sostenibilidad del sistema alimentario, de modo que genere beneficios sociales, económicos y ambientales amplios y compartidos para toda la sociedad.
Guía de recursos gráficos para la construcción de perfiles municipales del sistema alimentario en Honduras
(Manual, 2024-12) Polo, Carolina; Rankin, Sara; Wiegel, Jennifer; Martinez, Oscar; Mosquera, Erika
La presente guía de recursos gráficos fue creada para facilitar la elaboración estandarizada de perfiles municipales del sistema alimentario en Honduras, con la financiación de la Iniciativa de Investigación del CGIAR sobre Dietas Saludables Sostenibles a través de la Transformación de los Sistemas Alimentarios (SHiFT, por sus siglas en inglés). Esta guía es apoyo y complemento a la metodología sobre Cómo construir perfiles municipales del sistema alimentario, también financiada por SHiFT y elaborada en el marco del Poyecto de inclusión económica y social de pequeños productores rurales en la región noreste de Honduras (PROINORTE) es financiado por el Fondo Internacional de Desarrollo Agrícola (FIDA) y ejecutado por la Secretaría de Agricultura y Ganadería (SAG) de Honduras.
Storage management practices and mycotoxin contamination of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) in northwest Ethiopia
(Journal Article, 2025-05-01) Sadik, J.A.; Righetti, L.; Fentahun, N.; Brouwer, Inge D.; Tessema, M.; Abera, M.; van der Fels-Klerx, H.J.
Mycotoxins are toxic metabolites produced by certain fungal species that affect animal and human health. Data on the relationships between specific traditional storage management practices of sorghum and mycotoxin contamination are rarely available in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to investigate current sorghum storage management practices in major sorghum producer locations in Northwest Ethiopia and their relationships with mycotoxin contamination. Sorghum storage management practices of 120 farmers were surveyed, the occurrence of multiple mycotoxins in samples from their stored sorghum was determined, and potential relationships between the traditional storage management practices and mycotoxin contamination were analyzed. Samples were analyzed using UPLC-MS/MS for 33 different mycotoxins. About 88% of the samples were contaminated with at least one mycotoxin. The detected mycotoxins belong to one of the four mycotoxin categories, produced by Aspergillus spp, Fusarium spp, Penicillium spp, and Alternaria spp. From the total, 3%, 7%, and 3% of the samples were contaminated with aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, and zearalenone, respectively, above the EU regulatory limits. The measured concentrations that bypassed EU regulatory limits were 9.14, 18.34 and 29.13 (μg/kg) for total aflatoxins, 5.31, 12.50, 14.94, 15.77, 32.94, 56.81, 58.07 and 112.59 (μg/kg) for Ochratoxin A, and 123.48, 238.43 and 431.78 (μg/kg) for Zearalenone, respectively. Logistic regression showed relationships between the traditional storage management practices with mycotoxin contamination. The age and the experience of the Main Person Responsible for Storage management (MPRS), the placement of the storage structure, and the insecticide application showed negative relationships with multi-mycotoxin contamination. On the other hand, the educational status of the MPRS and the type of storage structure showed positive relationships with mycotoxin contamination. Therefore, it is recommended that farmers receive training in proper sorghum storage management to further reduce the mycotoxin contamination in the grain.
Key stakeholders and platforms/networks in food systems transformation in Viet Nam in 2022-2024
(Report, 2024-12) Huynh Thi, Tuyen Thanh; Pham Thi, Huong Mai; Duong, Thanh Thi; Nguyen, Quoc Minh; Herens, Marion
The stakeholder identification process was initiated under the CGIAR Research Initiative on Sustainable Healthy Diets through Food Systems Transformation (SHiFT) initiative to determine with whom the project needs to engage to achieve food systems transformation. It consolidates all stakeholders working on food system issues into a ‘living’ database that enables the rapid identification of potential stakeholders in each of the SHIFT focal countries. Understanding, engaging, and capacitating diverse food system stakeholders will bring varied perspectives to foster collaborations and drive transformative actions across the system, ultimately improving outcomes. This stakeholder identification is a foundational step toward understanding who (individuals and institutions) is involved in food system issues at various governance levels, including public and private actors, as well as those operating in formal and informal sectors at national, regional, and local government level. In addition, the SHiFT country engagement approach aims to connect with and strengthen existing stakeholder coordination mechanisms or platforms in the domain of food systems transformation, rather than establish new collaborative structures. By applying a stakeholder platform mapping tool to identify coordination structures engaged in food system issues, existing platforms and networks can be effectively recognized. This report serves as an updated version of the 2022 Stakeholder Identification Report, which is accessible at https://hdl.handle.net/10568/127244. In this updated edition, we have incorporated newly identified stakeholders, platforms, and networks, expanding upon the foundational work completed in 2022. Additionally, the report includes further reflections on the stakeholder identification process and its evolution between 2022 and 2024.
Socio-economic, environmental and health trade-offs in Bangladesh’s food system transformation
(Preprint, 2024-05-14) de Lange, Thijs; van Dijk, Michiel; Kuiper, Marijke; van Zeist, Willem-Jan; Bartelings, Heleen; Mizan, Arefin; van Meijl, Hans
The transition to healthier diets might be accompanied by trade-offs that occur in other parts of the food system. In this study the trade-offs between socio-economic, environmental, and health indicators were analyzed in different dietary scenarios for Bangladesh between 2022 and 2050. We used a global economic simulation model with updated national food consumption data, extended with a footprint module to track environmental impacts through the food value chain in Bangladesh and its trading partners. The study compares a business-as-usual (BAU) diet with the EAT-Lancet diet and the Bangladesh food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG). The BAU diet has a higher intake of animal products and sugar, and a lower intake of vegetables, fruits, legumes and nuts than the EAT-Lancet and FBDG diets. It was found that promoting a diet with more plant-based proteins would have a strong positive impact on dietary health and an overall positive impact on the environment compared to the BAU scenario, due to the reduced impact of animal protein production on greenhouse gas emissions and the reduced impact of rice production on water use and nitrogen application. In addition, the transition to sustainable and healthy diets had minor impacts on the wages of low-skilled workers, Bangladesh’s self-sufficiency, and the affordability of food and cereals. In particular, the FDBG diet scenario scored best on self-sufficiency and cereal affordability compared to the other two scenarios, and the increase in low-skilled wages was comparable to the BAU diet scenario.
Multivariate data analysis assisted mining of nutri-rich genotypes from North Eastern Himalayan germplasm collection of Perilla (Perilla frutescens L.)
(Journal Article, 2024-08-17) Kaur, Simardeep; Godara, Samarth; Singh, Naseeb; Kumar, Amit; Pandey, Renu; Adhikari, Sneha; Jaiswal, Sandeep; Singh, Sanjeev Kumar; Rana, Jai Chand; Bhardwaj, Rakesh; Singh, Binay Kumar; Riar, Amritbir
Understanding the nutritional diversity in Perilla (Perilla frutescens L.) is essential for selecting and developing superior varieties with enhanced nutritional profiles in the North Eastern Himalayan (NEH) region of India. In this study, we assessed the nutritional composition of 45 diverse perilla germplasm collected from five NEH states using standard protocols and advanced analytical techniques. Significant variability was observed in moisture (0.39–11.67%), ash (2.59–7.13%), oil (28.65–74.20%), protein (11.05–23.15%), total soluble sugars (0.34–3.67%), starch (0.01–0.55%), phenols (0.03–0.87%), ferric reducing antioxidant power (0.45–1.36%), palmitic acid (7.06–10.75%), stearic acid (1.96–2.29%), oleic acid (8.11–13.31%), linoleic acid (15.18–22.74%), and linolenic acid (55.47–67.07%). Similarly, significant variability in mineral content (ppm) was also observed for aluminium, calcium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, potassium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, sodium, nickel, phosphorus, and zinc. Multivariate analyses, including hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA), revealed the enriched nutritional diversity within the germplasm. Correlation analysis indicated significant positive and negative relationships between nutritional parameters, indicating potential biochemical and metabolic interactions present in the perilla seeds. TOPSIS-based ranking identified promising genotypes for functional foods, pharmaceuticals, and nutritional applications. This study provides a first in-depth report of the nutritional composition and diversity of perilla germplasm in the NEH region, thus aiding in the identification of superior varieties for food and nutritional diversification and security.
Food Vendors Mapping in Three Sublocations of Vihiga County, Kenya: A Food Environment Study (July–August 2023)
(Dataset, 2025) Maina, Evalyn Waruguru; Aluso, Lillian Olimba; Wanyama, Rosina Nanjala; Termote, Celine; Akingbemisilu, Tosin Harold
This study aims to understand the food environment by examining both formal and informal food vendors in selected villages and markets of Vihiga County. The Primary data was collected through a food vendor mapping and census by use of a semi-structured questionnaire deployed using ODK.This study aims to understand the food environment by examining both formal and informal food vendors in selected villages and markets of Vihiga County. The Primary data was collected through a food vendor mapping and census by use of a semi-structured questionnaire deployed using ODK. Metodology:The survey employed a multi-stage sampling technique, enabling sequential sampling across multiple hierarchical levels. In the first stage, Vihiga County was purposively selected, encompassing all food vendors as the study population. In the second stage, three sub-locations—Ebungangwe, Emanda, and Mwitubwi—situated in Emuhaya, Vihiga, and Luanda Sub-Counties, respectively, were purposively chosen. Vendors in villages within these sub-locations and nearby markets were comprehensively mapped. The study relied on primary data collected directly from food vendors in Vihiga County.The survey employed a multi-stage sampling technique, enabling sequential sampling across multiple hierarchical levels. In the first stage, Vihiga County was purposively selected, encompassing all food vendors as the study population. In the second stage, three sub-locations—Ebungangwe, Emanda, and Mwitubwi—situated in Emuhaya, Vihiga, and Luanda Sub-Counties, respectively, were purposively chosen. Vendors in villages within these sub-locations and nearby markets were comprehensively mapped. The study relied on primary data collected directly from food vendors in Vihiga County.
Capabilities assessment to support food systems transformation towards sustainable healthy diets in Ethiopia
(Working Paper, 2024-12-31) Namugumya, Brenda S.; Mengesha, Belay Terefe; Pittore, Katherine; Herens, Marion
Collaborative governance processes are increasingly recognized as critical for normative food systems transformation (FST) globally. For instance, collective action and multistakeholder partnerships is one of the main levers of change stated in Ethiopia’s Food Systems Roadmap. The collaborative processes bring together government, private actors, and citizens in collective forums and networks to engage in long-term, goal-oriented decision making and implementation (Ansell and Gash 2008), for example, change towards sustainable healthy diets and better planetary health for all populations. Forming and maintaining collaborative governance processes entail navigating different challenges attributed to the inherently dynamic nature of such partnerships.
Capabilities assessment to support food systems transformation towards sustainable healthy diets in Viet Nam
(Working Paper, 2024-12-31) Namugumya, Brenda S.; Herens, Marion; Kruft, Krista; de Groote, Bram; Tuyen, Huynh Thi Thanh; Huong, Pham Thi Mai; Thanh, Duong Thi
Collaborative governance processes are increasingly recognized as critical for normative food systems transformation (FST) globally. For instance, collective action and multistakeholder partnerships is one of the main levers of change stated in Viet Nam’s “National Action Plan on Food Systems Transformation in Viet Nam towards Transparency, Responsibility, and Sustainability by 2030” (FST-NAP). The collaborative processes bring together government, private actors and citizens in collective forums and networks to engage in long-term goal-oriented decision making and implementation, for example, change towards sustainable healthy diets and better planetary health for all populations (Ansell and Gash 2008). Forming and maintaining collaborative governance processes entail navigating different challenges attributed to the inherently dynamic nature of such partnerships.

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