Sero-epidemiological survey of Coxiella burnetii in livestock and humans in Tana River and Garissa counties in Kenya

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and developing country instituteen
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and advanced research instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationMinistry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Fisheries, Kenyaen
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Embuen
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Livestock Research Instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Nairobien
cg.contributor.affiliationSwedish University of Agricultural Sciencesen
cg.contributor.affiliationUppsala Universityen
cg.contributor.affiliationKenyatta National Hospitalen
cg.contributor.affiliationKenya Medical Research Instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Greenwichen
cg.contributor.crpAgriculture for Nutrition and Health
cg.contributor.donorGovernment of the United Kingdomen
cg.contributor.donorEconomic and Social Research Council, United Kingdomen
cg.contributor.donorNatural Environment Research Council, United Kingdomen
cg.contributor.donorUnited States Defense Threat Reduction Agencyen
cg.coverage.countryKenya
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2KE
cg.coverage.regionAfrica
cg.coverage.regionEastern Africa
cg.creator.identifierDaniel Nthiwa: 0000-0002-3993-4164en
cg.creator.identifierMartin Wainaina: 0000-0002-4938-2543en
cg.creator.identifierJohanna Lindahl: 0000-0002-1175-0398en
cg.creator.identifierDelia Grace: 0000-0002-0195-9489en
cg.creator.identifierBernard Bett: 0000-0001-9376-2941en
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010214en
cg.isijournalISI Journalen
cg.issn1935-2735en
cg.issue3en
cg.journalPLOS Neglected Tropical Diseasesen
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen
cg.subject.ilriANIMAL DISEASESen
cg.subject.ilriEPIDEMIOLOGYen
cg.subject.ilriGOATSen
cg.subject.ilriLIVESTOCKen
cg.subject.ilriSHEEPen
cg.subject.ilriSMALL RUMINANTSen
cg.subject.ilriZOONOTIC DISEASESen
cg.subject.impactAreaNutrition, health and food security
cg.subject.sdgSDG 3 - Good health and well-beingen
cg.volume16en
dc.contributor.authorMwololo, D.en
dc.contributor.authorNthiwa, Danielen
dc.contributor.authorKitala, P.en
dc.contributor.authorAbuom, T.en
dc.contributor.authorWainaina, M.en
dc.contributor.authorKairu-Wanyoike, S.en
dc.contributor.authorLindahl, Johanna F.en
dc.contributor.authorOntiri, Enochen
dc.contributor.authorBukachi, S.en
dc.contributor.authorNjeru, I.en
dc.contributor.authorKaranja, J.en
dc.contributor.authorSang, R.en
dc.contributor.authorGrace, Deliaen
dc.contributor.authorBett, Bernard K.en
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-04T13:56:04Zen
dc.date.available2022-03-04T13:56:04Zen
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/118341
dc.titleSero-epidemiological survey of Coxiella burnetii in livestock and humans in Tana River and Garissa counties in Kenyaen
dcterms.abstractBackground: Coxiella burnetii is a widely distributed pathogen, but data on its epidemiology in livestock, and human populations remains scanty, especially in developing countries such as Kenya. We used the One Health approach to estimate the seroprevalance of C. burnetii in cattle, sheep, goats and human populations in Tana River county, and in humans in Garissa county, Kenya. We also identified potential determinants of exposure among these hosts. Methods: Data were collected through a cross-sectional study with a cluster sampling design. Serum samples were taken from 2,727 animals (466 cattle, 1,333 goats, and 928 sheep) and 974 humans and screened for Phase I/II IgG antibodies against C. burnetii using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data on potential factors associated with animal and human exposure were collected using a structured questionnaire. Multivariable analyses were performed with households as random effects to adjust for the within-household correlation of C. burnetii exposure among animals and humans, respectively. Results: The overall apparent seroprevalence estimates of C. burnetii in livestock and humans were 12.80% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 11.57-14.11) and 24.44% (95% CI: 21.77-27.26), respectively. In livestock, the seroprevalence differed significantly by species (p < 0.01). The highest seroprevalence estimates were observed in goats 15.22% (95% CI: 13.34-17.27), then sheep 14.22% (95% CI: 12.04-16.64) and with cattle 3.00% (95% CI; 1.65-4.99) showing lower values. Herd-level seropositivity of C. burnetii in livestock was not positively associated with human exposure. Multivariable results showed that female animals had higher odds of seropositivity for C. burnetii than males, while for animal age groups, adult animals had higher odds of seropositivity than calves, kids or lambs. For livestock species, both sheep and goats had significantly higher odds of seropositivity than cattle. In human populations, men had a significantly higher odds of testing positive for C. burnetii than women. Conclusions: This study provides evidence of livestock and human exposure to C. burnetii which could have serious economic implications on livestock production and impact on human health. These results also highlight the need to establish active surveillance in the study area to reduce the disease burden associated with this pathogen.en
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Access
dcterms.audienceAcademicsen
dcterms.audienceScientistsen
dcterms.available2022-03-03en
dcterms.bibliographicCitationMwololo, D., Nthiwa, D., Kitala, P., Abuom, T., Wainaina, M., Kairu-Wanyoike, S., Lindahl, J.F., Ontiri, E., Bukachi, S., Njeru, I., Karanja, J., Sang, R., Grace, D. and Bett, B. 2022. Sero-epidemiological survey of Coxiella burnetii in livestock and humans in Tana River and Garissa counties in Kenya. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16(3): e0010214.en
dcterms.extente0010214en
dcterms.issued2022-03-03en
dcterms.languageen
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0
dcterms.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen
dcterms.subjectq feveren
dcterms.subjectzoonosesen
dcterms.subjectsheepen
dcterms.subjectgoatsen
dcterms.subjectsmall ruminantsen
dcterms.subjectepidemiologyen
dcterms.subjectanimal diseasesen
dcterms.subjectlivestocken
dcterms.subjectinfectious diseasesen
dcterms.typeJournal Article

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