Prevalence of aflatoxin in feeds and cow milk from five counties in Kenya

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and developing country instituteen_US
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and advanced research instituteen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Nairobien_US
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Livestock Research Instituteen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationSwedish University of Agricultural Sciencesen_US
cg.contributor.crpAgriculture for Nutrition and Healthen_US
cg.contributor.donorMinistry of Foreign Affairs, Finlanden_US
cg.coverage.countryKenyaen_US
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2KEen_US
cg.coverage.regionAfricaen_US
cg.coverage.regionEastern Africaen_US
cg.creator.identifierDelia Grace: 0000-0002-0195-9489en_US
cg.creator.identifierJohanna Lindahl: 0000-0002-1175-0398en_US
cg.creator.identifierNadhem Mtimet: 0000-0003-3125-2828en_US
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden_US
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.75.ilri04en_US
cg.issn1684-5374en_US
cg.issue3en_US
cg.journalAfrican Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Developmenten_US
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen_US
cg.subject.ilriAFLATOXINSen_US
cg.subject.ilriCATTLEen_US
cg.subject.ilriDAIRYINGen_US
cg.subject.ilriFEEDSen_US
cg.subject.ilriFOOD SAFETYen_US
cg.subject.ilriHEALTHen_US
cg.subject.ilriLIVESTOCKen_US
cg.volume16en_US
dc.contributor.authorSenerwa, D.M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorSirma, A.J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMtimet, Nadhemen_US
dc.contributor.authorKang'ethe, Erastus K.en_US
dc.contributor.authorGrace, Deliaen_US
dc.contributor.authorLindahl, Johanna F.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2016-08-16T08:46:10Zen_US
dc.date.available2016-08-16T08:46:10Zen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/76501en_US
dc.titlePrevalence of aflatoxin in feeds and cow milk from five counties in Kenyaen_US
dcterms.abstractMycotoxin-producing fungi contaminate food and feeds before, during and after harvest. Aflatoxins are important mycotoxins and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a class 1 human carcinogen (definitely carcinogenic). Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a class 2B (possible) human carcinogen. Aflatoxin B1 in feeds can decrease milk production, reduce fertility and increase susceptibility to infections. A cross-sectional study of aflatoxin contamination of milk and dairy feeds was carried out in five counties in Kenya representing different agro-ecological zones: Kwale, Isiolo, Tharaka-Nithi, Kisii and Bungoma. Dairy feed concentrates and cattle milk were collected twice (dry season and rainy season) from 285 dairy farmers in the five counties and analysed for AFB1 and AFM1, using competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In the five counties, the proportion of farmers who fed cattle with dairy concentrates varied from zero to 68%. The dairy feed concentrates from farmers had AFB1 levels ranging from less than one part per billion (ppb) to 9661 ppb and the positive samples ranged from 47.8 to 90.3%. The percentages of dairy feeds from farmers with AFB1 above the World Health Organization/Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (WHO/FAO) limit of 5 ppb varied from 33.3% to 87.5 % while 83.3% to 100% of the feeds from retailers and 28.6% to 100% of the feeds from manufacturers exceeded the WHO/FAO limit. Aflatoxin M1 prevalence in milk was lowest in Kwale (13.6%) and highest in Tharaka-Nithi (65.1%). The proportion of milk samples with AFM1 above the WHO/FAO standard of 50 parts per trillion (ppt) varied from 3.4% (Kwale) to 26.2% (Tharaka-Nithi); the highest was 6999 ppt. This study shows that aflatoxin contamination is common in dairy feeds and in milk and concentrations may be high. This may contribute to ill health effects in both humans and animals and, therefore, there is need for better understanding of the impacts of aflatoxins in the feed–dairy value chain and appropriate interventions to control aflatoxin contamination in animal feeds.en_US
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Accessen_US
dcterms.audienceScientistsen_US
dcterms.available2016-08-05en_US
dcterms.bibliographicCitationSenerwa, D.M., Sirma, A.J., Mtimet, N., Kang'ethe, E.K., Grace, D. and Lindahl, J.F. 2016. Prevalence of aflatoxin in feeds and cow milk from five counties in Kenya. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 16(3): 11004–11021.en_US
dcterms.extentp. 11004-11021en_US
dcterms.issued2016-07en_US
dcterms.languageenen_US
dcterms.publisherAfrican Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Developmenten_US
dcterms.subjectaflatoxinsen_US
dcterms.subjectfood safetyen_US
dcterms.subjecthealthen_US
dcterms.typeJournal Articleen_US

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