Seroprevalence and related risk factors of Brucella spp. in livestock and humans in Garbatula subcounty, Isiolo county, Kenya

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and developing country instituteen
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and advanced research instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Nairobien
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Livestock Research Instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationZoonotic Disease Unit, Kenyaen
cg.contributor.affiliationFreie Universität Berlinen
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Embuen
cg.contributor.affiliationCounty Government of Kilifien
cg.contributor.donorDefense Threat Reduction Agencyen
cg.contributor.donorCGIAR Trust Funden
cg.coverage.countryKenya
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2KE
cg.coverage.regionAfrica
cg.coverage.regionEastern Africa
cg.creator.identifierAthman Mwatondo: 0000-0002-3180-7013
cg.creator.identifierJames Akoko: 0000-0001-5730-4505
cg.creator.identifierRichard Nyamota: 0000-0002-9569-1953
cg.creator.identifierBernard Bett: 0000-0001-9376-2941
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011682en
cg.isijournalISI Journalen
cg.issn1935-2735en
cg.issue10en
cg.journalPLOS Neglected Tropical Diseasesen
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen
cg.subject.actionAreaResilient Agrifood Systems
cg.subject.ilriANIMAL PRODUCTSen
cg.subject.ilriBRUCELLOSISen
cg.subject.ilriCAMELSen
cg.subject.ilriCATTLEen
cg.subject.ilriGOATSen
cg.subject.ilriLIVESTOCKen
cg.subject.ilriONE HEALTHen
cg.subject.ilriSHEEPen
cg.subject.ilriSMALL RUMINANTSen
cg.subject.ilriZOONOTIC DISEASESen
cg.subject.impactAreaNutrition, health and food security
cg.subject.impactPlatformNutrition, Health and Food Security
cg.subject.sdgSDG 3 - Good health and well-beingen
cg.volume17en
dc.contributor.authorMwatondo, Athmanen
dc.contributor.authorMuturi, Mathewen
dc.contributor.authorAkoko, James M.en
dc.contributor.authorNyamota, Richarden
dc.contributor.authorNthiwa, D.en
dc.contributor.authorMaina, J.en
dc.contributor.authorOmolo, J.en
dc.contributor.authorGichuhi, S.en
dc.contributor.authorMureithi, M.W.en
dc.contributor.authorBett, Bernard K.en
dc.date.accessioned2023-10-26T14:42:22Zen
dc.date.available2023-10-26T14:42:22Zen
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/132487
dc.titleSeroprevalence and related risk factors of Brucella spp. in livestock and humans in Garbatula subcounty, Isiolo county, Kenyaen
dcterms.abstractBackground Brucellosis is a neglected zoonotic disease that affects both animals and humans, causing debilitating illness in humans and socio-economic losses in livestock-keeping households globally. The disease is endemic in many developing countries, including Kenya, but measures to prevent and control the disease are often inadequate among high-risk populations. This study aimed to investigate the human and livestock seroprevalence of brucellosis and associated risk factors of Brucella spp. in a pastoralist region of northern Kenya. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a two-stage cluster sampling method to select households, livestock, and humans for sampling. Blood samples were collected from 683 humans and 2157 animals, and Brucella immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on potential risk factors associated with human and animal exposures. Risk factors associated with Brucella spp. exposures in humans and livestock were identified using Multivariate logistic regression. Results The results indicated an overall livestock Brucella spp. seroprevalence of 10.4% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 9.2–11.7). Camels had the highest exposure rates at 19.6% (95% CI: 12.4–27.3), followed by cattle at 13.2% (95% CI: 9.3–17.1), goats at 13.1% (95% CI: 11.1–15.3) and sheep at 5.4% (95% CI: 4.0–6.9). The herd-level seroprevalence was 51.7% (95% CI, 47.9–55.7). Adult animals (Adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) = 2.3, CI = 1.3–4.0), female animals (aOR = 1.7, CI: 1.1–2.6), and large herd sizes (aOR = 2.3, CI = 1.3–4.0) were significantly associated with anti-brucella antibody detection while sheep had significantly lower odds of Brucella spp. exposure compared to cattle (aOR = 1.3, CI = 0.8–2.1) and camels (aOR = 2.4, CI = 1.2–4.8). Human individual and household seroprevalences were 54.0% (95 CI, 50.2–58.0) and 86.4% (84.0–89.0), respectively. Significant risk factors associated with human seropositivity included being male (aOR = 2.1, CI:1.3–3.2), residing in Sericho ward (aOR = 1.6, CI:1.1–2.5) and having no formal education (aOR = 3.0, CI:1.5–5.9). There was a strong correlation between human seropositivity and herd exposure (aOR = 1.6, CI:1.2–2.3). Conclusions The study provides evidence of high human and livestock exposures to Brucella spp. and identifies important risk factors associated with disease spread. These findings emphasize the need for targeted prevention and control measures to curb the spread of brucellosis and implement a One Health surveillance to ensure early detection of the disease in Isiolo County, Northern Kenya.en
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Access
dcterms.audienceAcademicsen
dcterms.audienceScientistsen
dcterms.available2023-10-16
dcterms.bibliographicCitationMwatondo, A., Muturi, M., Akoko, J., Nyamota, R., Nthiwa, D., Maina, J., Omolo, J., Gichuhi, S., Mureithi, M.W. and Bett, B. 2023. Seroprevalence and related risk factors of Brucella spp. in livestock and humans in Garbatula subcounty, Isiolo county, Kenya. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 17(10): e0011682.en
dcterms.extente0011682en
dcterms.issued2023-10-16
dcterms.languageen
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0
dcterms.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen
dcterms.subjectbrucellosisen
dcterms.subjectzoonosesen
dcterms.subjectlivestocken
dcterms.subjectcattleen
dcterms.subjectcamelsen
dcterms.subjectsheepen
dcterms.subjectgoatsen
dcterms.subjectsmall ruminantsen
dcterms.subjectanimal productsen
dcterms.subjectone health approachen
dcterms.typeJournal Article

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