Japanese encephalitis in small-scale pig farming in rural Cambodia: Pig seroprevalence and farmer awareness

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and developing country instituteen_US
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and advanced research instituteen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationSwedish University of Agricultural Sciencesen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationPublic Health Agency Swedenen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationRoyal University of Agriculture, Cambodiaen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Livestock Research Instituteen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationNational Animal Health and Production Research Institute, Cambodiaen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationUppsala Universityen_US
cg.contributor.crpAgriculture for Nutrition and Healthen_US
cg.contributor.donorSwedish International Development Cooperation Agencyen_US
cg.contributor.donorSwedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planningen_US
cg.contributor.donorUnited States Agency for International Developmenten_US
cg.coverage.countryCambodiaen_US
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2KHen_US
cg.coverage.regionAsiaen_US
cg.coverage.regionSouth-eastern Asiaen_US
cg.creator.identifierHung Nguyen-Viet: 0000-0003-1549-2733en_US
cg.creator.identifierJohanna Lindahl: 0000-0002-1175-0398en_US
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden_US
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10050578en_US
cg.isijournalISI Journalen_US
cg.issn2076-0817en_US
cg.issue5en_US
cg.journalPathogensen_US
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen_US
cg.subject.ilriANIMAL DISEASESen_US
cg.subject.ilriANIMAL PRODUCTIONen_US
cg.subject.ilriPIGSen_US
cg.subject.ilriZOONOTIC DISEASESen_US
cg.subject.impactAreaNutrition, health and food securityen_US
cg.subject.sdgSDG 2 - Zero hungeren_US
cg.volume10en_US
dc.contributor.authorHenriksson, E.en_US
dc.contributor.authorSöderberg, R.en_US
dc.contributor.authorStröm Hallenberg, G.en_US
dc.contributor.authorKroesna, K.en_US
dc.contributor.authorLy, S.en_US
dc.contributor.authorSear, B.en_US
dc.contributor.authorUnger, Freden_US
dc.contributor.authorTum, S.en_US
dc.contributor.authorHung Nguyen-Vieten_US
dc.contributor.authorLindahl, Johanna F.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2021-05-13T10:08:17Zen_US
dc.date.available2021-05-13T10:08:17Zen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/113720en_US
dc.titleJapanese encephalitis in small-scale pig farming in rural Cambodia: Pig seroprevalence and farmer awarenessen_US
dcterms.abstractJapanese encephalitis (JE) is endemic in Cambodia, but circulation of JE virus (JEV) among domestic pigs has previously only been studied in the southern part of the country. The main purpose of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of JEV antibodies in smallholder pigs held in rural areas of Kampong Thom, Preah Vihear, Ratanakiri, and Stung Treng provinces, northeastern Cambodia. Another purpose was to identify possible associations between serologic status and other factors, such as reproductive disorders, and to investigate the farmers’ knowledge of mosquito-borne diseases and use of preventive measures. In October 2019, 139 households were visited throughout the study area, and 242 pigs were sampled for blood. The sera were analysed with ELISA for JEV antibodies. Household representatives were interviewed, and data were recorded for each sampled pig. The apparent seroprevalence was 89.1% in pigs between 3 and 6 months of age, and 100% in pigs over 6 months of age. In total, 93.0% of the pigs tested positive. Province appeared to be the only factor significantly associated with serologic status (p < 0.001). Almost all (97.8%) respondents knew that mosquitos could transmit diseases, and 70.5% had heard of JE. However, only one respondent knew that JEV is transmitted to people through mosquito bites. Very few respondents knew that pigs can become infected with JEV, and no one knew that mosquitos transmit the virus. All families used some sort of mosquito protection for themselves, but only 15.1% protected their pigs from mosquito bites. The children were vaccinated against JE in 93 households, while adults only were vaccinated in eight households. The results suggest that JEV transmission is intense in northeastern Cambodia, and that people’s knowledge about the transmission route of JEV and the role of pigs in the transmission cycle is low. Fortunately, people are well aware of mosquito-borne diseases in general and use mosquito protection, and many children are vaccinated against JE. Nonetheless, it is important that national vaccination is continued, and that people—especially in rural areas where pigs are commonly kept—are educated on the ecology and transmission of JEV.en_US
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Accessen_US
dcterms.audienceScientistsen_US
dcterms.available2021-05-10en_US
dcterms.bibliographicCitationHenriksson, E., Söderberg, R., Ström Hallenberg, G., Kroesna, K., Ly, S., Sear, B., Unger, F., Tum, S., Hung Nguyen-Viet and Lindahl, J.F. 2021. Japanese encephalitis in small-scale pig farming in rural Cambodia: Pig seroprevalence and farmer awareness. Pathogens 10(5): 578.en_US
dcterms.extent578en_US
dcterms.issued2021-05-10en_US
dcterms.languageenen_US
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0en_US
dcterms.publisherMDPIen_US
dcterms.subjectanimal diseasesen_US
dcterms.subjectswineen_US
dcterms.subjectanimal productionen_US
dcterms.subjectzoonosesen_US
dcterms.subjectjapanese encephalitis virusen_US
dcterms.subjectfarmersen_US
dcterms.typeJournal Articleen_US

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