Incidence of Brucella infection in various livestock species raised under the pastoral production system in Isiolo County, Kenya

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and developing country instituteen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Livestock Research Instituteen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Embuen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationMaseno Universityen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationMinistry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Fisheries, Kenyaen_US
cg.contributor.crpAgriculture for Nutrition and Healthen_US
cg.contributor.donorUnited States Defense Threat Reduction Agencyen_US
cg.coverage.countryKenyaen_US
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2KEen_US
cg.coverage.regionAfricaen_US
cg.coverage.regionEastern Africaen_US
cg.creator.identifierDaniel Nthiwa: 0000-0002-3993-4164en_US
cg.creator.identifierJames Akoko: 0000-0001-5730-4505en_US
cg.creator.identifierBernard Bett: 0000-0001-9376-2941en_US
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden_US
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-03036-zen_US
cg.isijournalISI Journalen_US
cg.issn1746-6148en_US
cg.issue1en_US
cg.journalBMC Veterinary Researchen_US
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen_US
cg.subject.ilriBRUCELLOSISen_US
cg.subject.ilriLIVESTOCKen_US
cg.subject.ilriPASTORALISMen_US
cg.subject.ilriZOONOTIC DISEASESen_US
cg.subject.impactAreaNutrition, health and food securityen_US
cg.subject.sdgSDG 2 - Zero hungeren_US
cg.volume17en_US
dc.contributor.authorNjeru, Josiahen_US
dc.contributor.authorNthiwa, Danielen_US
dc.contributor.authorAkoko, James M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorOyas, H.en_US
dc.contributor.authorBett, Bernard K.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2021-11-05T09:28:44Zen_US
dc.date.available2021-11-05T09:28:44Zen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/115845en_US
dc.titleIncidence of Brucella infection in various livestock species raised under the pastoral production system in Isiolo County, Kenyaen_US
dcterms.abstractBackground: We implemented a longitudinal study to determine the incidence of Brucella infection in cattle, camels, sheep and goats that were being raised in a pastoral area in Isiolo County, Kenya. An initial cross-sectional survey was implemented to identify unexposed animals for follow up; that survey used 141 camels, 216 cattle, 208 sheep and 161 goats. Sera from these animals were screened for Brucella spp. using the Rose Bengal Plate test (RBPT), a modified RBPT, and an indirect multispecies Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (iELISA). Results of RBPT and iELISA were interpreted in parallel to determine seroprevalence. A total of 30 camels, 31 cattle, 22 sheep and 32 goats that were seronegative by all the above tests were recruited in a subsequent longitudinal study for follow up. These animals were followed for 12 months and tested for anti-Brucella antibodies using iELISA. Seroconversion among these animals was defined by a positive iELISA test following a negative iELISA result in the previous sampling period. All seropositive samples were further tested using real-time PCR-based assays to identify Brucella species. These analyses targeted the alkB and BMEI1162 genes for B. abortus, and B. melitensis, respectively. Data from the longitudinal study were analysed using Cox proportional hazards model that accounted for within-herds clustering of Brucella infections. Results: The overall incidence rate of Brucella infection was 0.024 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.014-0.037) cases per animal-months at risk. Brucella infection incidence in camels, cattle, goats and sheep were 0.053 (0.022-0.104), 0.028 (0.010-0.061), 0.013 (0.003-0.036) and 0.006 (0.0002-0.034) cases per animal-month at risk, respectively. The incidence rate of Brucella infection among females and males were 0.020 (0.009-0.036) and 0.016 (0.004-0.091), respectively. Real-time PCR analyses showed that B. abortus was more prevalent than B. melitensis in the area. Results of multivariable Cox regression analysis identified species (camels and cattle) as an important predictor of Brucella spp. exposure in animals. Conclusions: This study estimated an overall brucellosis incidence of 0.024 cases per animal-months at risk with camels and cattle having higher incidence than sheep and goats. These results will inform surveillance studies in the area.en_US
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Accessen_US
dcterms.audienceAcademicsen_US
dcterms.audienceScientistsen_US
dcterms.available2021-10-30en_US
dcterms.bibliographicCitationNjeru, J., Nthiwa, D., Akoko, J., Oyas, H. and Bett, B. 2021. Incidence of Brucella infection in various livestock species raised under the pastoral production system in Isiolo County, Kenya. BMC Veterinary Research 17: 342.en_US
dcterms.extent342en_US
dcterms.issued2021-12en_US
dcterms.languageenen_US
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0en_US
dcterms.publisherSpringeren_US
dcterms.subjectbrucellaen_US
dcterms.subjectlivestocken_US
dcterms.subjectpastoralismen_US
dcterms.subjectzoonosesen_US
dcterms.typeJournal Articleen_US

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