Risk factors for Brucella seroprevalence in peri-urban dairy farms in five Indian cities

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and developing country instituteen
cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and advanced research instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Livestock Research Instituteen
cg.contributor.affiliationSwedish University of Agricultural Sciencesen
cg.contributor.affiliationUppsala Universityen
cg.contributor.affiliationGuru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences Universityen
cg.contributor.affiliationAssam Agricultural Universityen
cg.contributor.affiliationKarnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences Universityen
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Prince Edward Islanden
cg.contributor.affiliationPublic Health Foundation of Indiaen
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Liègeen
cg.contributor.crpAgriculture for Nutrition and Health
cg.contributor.donorInternational Development Research Centreen
cg.coverage.countryIndia
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2IN
cg.coverage.regionAsia
cg.coverage.regionSouthern Asia
cg.creator.identifierJohanna Lindahl: 0000-0002-1175-0398
cg.creator.identifierDelia Grace: 0000-0002-0195-9489
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed4020070en
cg.isijournalISI Journalen
cg.issn2414-6366en
cg.issue2en
cg.journalTropical Medicine and Infectious Diseaseen
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen
cg.subject.ilriANIMAL DISEASESen
cg.subject.ilriANIMAL PRODUCTIONen
cg.subject.ilriBRUCELLOSISen
cg.subject.ilriCATTLEen
cg.subject.ilriDAIRYINGen
cg.subject.ilriHEALTHen
cg.subject.ilriZOONOTIC DISEASESen
cg.volume4en
dc.contributor.authorLindahl, Johanna F.en
dc.contributor.authorGill, J.P.S.en
dc.contributor.authorHazarika, R.A.en
dc.contributor.authorFairoze, N.M.en
dc.contributor.authorBedi, J.S.en
dc.contributor.authorDohoo, I.en
dc.contributor.authorChauhan, A.S.en
dc.contributor.authorGrace, Deliaen
dc.contributor.authorKakkar, M.en
dc.date.accessioned2019-07-23T08:44:16Zen
dc.date.available2019-07-23T08:44:16Zen
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/102264
dc.titleRisk factors for Brucella seroprevalence in peri-urban dairy farms in five Indian citiesen
dcterms.abstractBrucellosis is endemic among dairy animals in India, contributing to production losses and posing a health risk to people, especially farmers and others in close contact with dairy animals or their products. Growing urban populations demand increased milk supplies, resulting in intensifying dairy production at the peri-urban fringe. Peri-urban dairying is under-studied but has implications for disease transmission, both positive and negative. In this cross-sectional study, five Indian cities were selected to represent different geographies and urbanization extent. Around each, we randomly selected 34 peri-urban villages, and in each village three smallholder dairy farms (defined as having a maximum of 10 dairy animals) were randomly selected. The farmers were interviewed, and milk samples were taken from up to three animals. These were tested using a commercial ELISA for antibodies against Brucella abortus, and factors associated with herd seroprevalence were identified. In all, 164 out of 1163 cows (14.1%, 95% CI 12.2–16.2%) were seropositive for Brucella. In total, 91 out of 510 farms (17.8%, 95% CI 14.6–21.4%) had at least one positive animal, and out of these, just seven farmers stated that they had vaccinated against brucellosis. In four cities, the farm-level seroprevalence ranged between 1.4–5.2%, while the fifth city had a seroprevalence of 72.5%. This city had larger, zero-grazing herds, used artificial insemination to a much higher degree, replaced their animals by purchasing from their neighbors, were less likely to contact a veterinarian in case of sick animals, and were also judged to be less clean. Within the high-prevalence city, farms were at higher risk of being infected if they had a young owner and if they were judged less clean. In the low-prevalence cities, no risk factors could be identified. In conclusion, this study has identified that a city can have a high burden of infected animals in the peri-urban areas, but that seroprevalence is strongly influenced by the husbandry system. Increased intensification can be associated with increased risk, and thus the practices associated with this, such as artificial insemination, are also associated with increased risk. These results may be important to identify high-risk areas for prioritizing interventions and for policy decisions influencing the structure and development of the dairy industry.en
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Access
dcterms.audienceScientistsen
dcterms.available2019-04-22
dcterms.bibliographicCitationLindahl, J.F., Gill, J.P.S., Hazarika, R.A., Fairoze, N.M., Bedi, J.S., Dohoo, I., Chauhan, A.S., Grace, D. and Kakkar, M. 2019. Risk factors for Brucella seroprevalence in peri-urban dairy farms in five Indian cities. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 4(2): 70.en
dcterms.issued2019-06-30
dcterms.languageen
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0
dcterms.publisherMDPIen
dcterms.subjectanimal diseasesen
dcterms.subjectzoonosesen
dcterms.subjectdairyingen
dcterms.subjecthealthen
dcterms.subjectanimal productionen
dcterms.subjectcattleen
dcterms.typeJournal Article

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