A cross-sectional survey of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of antimicrobial users and providers in an area of high-density livestock-human population in western Kenya

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cg.authorship.typesCGIAR and advanced research instituteen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Liverpoolen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity College Londonen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationUniversity of Cambridgeen_US
cg.contributor.affiliationInternational Livestock Research Instituteen_US
cg.contributor.crpAgriculture for Nutrition and Healthen_US
cg.contributor.donorBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, United Kingdomen_US
cg.contributor.donorGovernment of the United Kingdomen_US
cg.contributor.donorEconomic and Social Research Council, United Kingdomen_US
cg.contributor.donorMedical Research Council, United Kingdomen_US
cg.contributor.donorNatural Environment Research Council, United Kingdomen_US
cg.contributor.donorDefence Science and Technology Laboratory, United Kingdomen_US
cg.coverage.countryKenyaen_US
cg.coverage.iso3166-alpha2KEen_US
cg.coverage.regionAfricaen_US
cg.coverage.regionEastern Africaen_US
cg.creator.identifierEric M. Fèvre: 0000-0001-8931-4986en_US
cg.howPublishedFormally Publisheden_US
cg.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.727365en_US
cg.isijournalISI Journalen_US
cg.issn2297-1769en_US
cg.journalFrontiers in Veterinary Scienceen_US
cg.reviewStatusPeer Reviewen_US
cg.subject.ilriAMRen_US
cg.subject.ilriLIVESTOCKen_US
cg.subject.impactAreaNutrition, health and food securityen_US
cg.subject.sdgSDG 3 - Good health and well-beingen_US
cg.volume8en_US
dc.contributor.authorKemp, S.A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorPinchbeck, G.L.en_US
dc.contributor.authorFèvre, Eric M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorWilliams, N.J.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2021-09-23T09:55:36Zen_US
dc.date.available2021-09-23T09:55:36Zen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/115116en_US
dc.titleA cross-sectional survey of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of antimicrobial users and providers in an area of high-density livestock-human population in western Kenyaen_US
dcterms.abstractBackground: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the most important global health crises in recent times and is driven primarily by antimicrobial consumption. In East Africa, there is a paucity of data regarding the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to antimicrobial use (AMU). We investigate the ways in which antimicrobial users in the veterinary sector accessed veterinary antimicrobials, and common behaviors of veterinary antimicrobial users and prescribers associated with AMU and AMR. Methods: In total, 70 farmers, staff at 49 agricultural-veterinary antimicrobial shops (agrovet staff) and 28 veterinary animal healthcare workers or veterinary surgeons (veterinary professionals) were interviewed in Busia county, western Kenya in 2016 using a standard questionnaire as a framework for structured interviews. Data recorded included participant demographics, level of education, access to and sources of veterinary antimicrobials, prescribing patterns, and knowledge of AMR and antimicrobial withdrawal periods. Results: The majority of antimicrobials were accessed through informal means, purchased from agroveterinary shops; more than half of staff did not hold nationally mandated qualifications to advise on or sell veterinary antimicrobials. Approximately 40% of veterinary antimicrobials were sold without a prescription and it was noted that both price and customer preference were important factors when selling antimicrobials in almost all agrovet shops. Knowledge of the dangers associated with AMR and AMU were mostly superficial. Treatment failure occurred often, and there was a lack of differentiation between AMR and simply treatment failure. Conclusion: In this study area in East Africa with high-density human and livestock populations, AMU was primarily for maintenance of livestock health. These findings have highlighted several aspects surrounding inappropriate access to antimicrobials, and as such require attention from policy makers concerned with AMR in both livestock and human medicine sectors. Improving prescribing practices and ensuring a minimum level of general education and awareness of prescribers, as well as expanding the role of agrovet staff in antimicrobial stewardship programmes, may help begin to mitigate the maintenance and transmission of AMR, particularly amongst livestock.en_US
dcterms.accessRightsOpen Accessen_US
dcterms.audienceScientistsen_US
dcterms.audienceAcademicsen_US
dcterms.available2021-09-21en_US
dcterms.bibliographicCitationKemp, S.A., Pinchbeck, G.L., Fèvre, E.M. and Williams, N.J. 2021. A cross-sectional survey of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of antimicrobial users and providers in an area of high-density livestock-human population in western Kenya. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 8: 727365.en_US
dcterms.extent727365en_US
dcterms.issued2021-09-21en_US
dcterms.languageenen_US
dcterms.licenseCC-BY-4.0en_US
dcterms.publisherFrontiers Mediaen_US
dcterms.subjectantimicrobial resistanceen_US
dcterms.subjectlivestocken_US
dcterms.typeJournal Articleen_US

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